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Remote sensing contributing to assess earthquake risk: from a literature review towards a roadmap

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Abstract

Remote sensing data and methods are widely deployed in order to contribute to the assessment of numerous components of earthquake risk. While for earthquake hazard-related investigations, the use of remotely sensed data is an established methodological element with a long research tradition, earthquake vulnerability–centred assessments incorporating remote sensing data are increasing primarily in recent years. This goes along with a changing perspective of the scientific community which considers the assessment of vulnerability and its constituent elements as a pivotal part of a comprehensive risk analysis. Thereby, the availability of new sensors systems enables an appreciable share of remote sensing first. In this manner, a survey of the interdisciplinary conceptual literature dealing with the scientific perception of risk, hazard and vulnerability reveals the demand for a comprehensive description of earthquake hazards as well as an assessment of the present and future conditions of the elements exposed. A review of earthquake-related remote sensing literature, realized both in a qualitative and quantitative manner, shows the already existing and published manifold capabilities of remote sensing contributing to assess earthquake risk. These include earthquake hazard-related analysis such as detection and measurement of lineaments and surface deformations in pre- and post-event applications. Furthermore, pre-event seismic vulnerability–centred assessment of the built and natural environment and damage assessments for post-event applications are presented. Based on the review and the discussion of scientific trends and current research projects, first steps towards a roadmap for remote sensing are drawn, explicitly taking scientific, technical, multi- and transdisciplinary as well as political perspectives into account, which is intended to open possible future research activities.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Michael Eineder (DLR) for sharing his thoughts about future earthquake hazard-related research and missions, Annette Fröhlich (DLR), Harald Mehl (DLR), Eike-Marie Nolte (KIT) and Juan Carlos Villagrán de Léon (UNOOSA) for sharing their thoughts on the political perspective, Friedemann Wenzel (KIT) for hints regarding especially future scientific and technical issues and Tobia Lakes (HU Berlin) for her comments on the initial manuscript. Furthermore, the authors want to acknowledge Beverly Adams (Guy Carpenter) for the fruitful discussions regarding the applicability of EO data and information related to the insurance industry. The authors also wish to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. The research was founded partially by Helmholtz-EOS (Earth Observation System).

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  1. German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234, Weßling, Germany

    Christian Geiß & Hannes Taubenböck

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  1. Christian Geiß
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Correspondence to Hannes Taubenböck.

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Geiß, C., Taubenböck, H. Remote sensing contributing to assess earthquake risk: from a literature review towards a roadmap. Nat Hazards 68, 7–48 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0322-2

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