Netstat command displays various network related information such as network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade
connections, multicast memberships etc., In this article, let us review 10 practical unix netstat command examples.
1. List All Ports (both listening and non listening ports)
List all ports using netstat -a # netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 localhost:30037
*:*
LISTEN
udp
0 *:bootpc
*:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags
Type
State
I-Node
Path
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
6135
/tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
5140
/var/run/acpid.socket
List all tcp ports using netstat -at # netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 localhost:30037
*:*
LISTEN
tcp
0 localhost:ipp
*:*
LISTEN
tcp
0 *:smtp
*:*
LISTEN
tcp6
0 localhost:ipp
[::]:*
LISTEN
List all udp ports using netstat -au # netstat -au
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
udp
0 *:bootpc
*:*
udp
0 *:49119
*:*
udp
0 *:mdns
*:*
2. List Sockets which are in Listening State
List only listening ports using netstat -l # netstat -l
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 localhost:ipp
*:*
LISTEN
tcp6
0 localhost:ipp
[::]:*
LISTEN
udp
0 *:49119
*:*
List only listening TCP Ports using netstat -lt # netstat -lt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 localhost:30037
*:*
LISTEN
tcp
0 *:smtp
*:*
LISTEN
tcp6
0 localhost:ipp
[::]:*
LISTEN
List only listening UDP Ports using netstat -lu # netstat -lu
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
udp
0 *:49119
*:*
udp
0 *:mdns
*:*
List only the listening UNIX Ports using netstat -lx # netstat -lx
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags
Type
State
I-Node
Path
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
6294
private/maildrop
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
6203
public/cleanup
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
6302
private/ifmail
unix
[ ACC ]
STREAM
LISTENING
6306
private/bsmtp
3. Show the statistics for each protocol
Show statistics for all ports using netstat -s # netstat -s
Ip:
11150 total packets received
1 with invalid addresses
0 forwarded
0 incoming packets discarded
11149 incoming packets delivered
11635 requests sent out
Icmp:
0 ICMP messages received
0 input ICMP message failed.
Tcp:
582 active connections openings
2 failed connection attempts
25 connection resets received
Udp:
1183 packets received
4 packets to unknown port received.
.....
Show statistics for TCP (or) UDP ports using netstat -st (or) -su # netstat -st
# netstat -su
4. Display PID and program names in netstat output using netstat -p
netstat -p option can be combined with any other netstat option. This will add the PID/Program Name to the netstat output. This is very useful while debugging to identify which program is running on a particular port.
# netstat -pt
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address PID/Program name
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 ramesh-laptop.loc:47212 192.168.185.75:www
CLOSE_WAIT
2109/firefox
tcp
0 ramesh-laptop.loc:52750 lax:www ESTABLISHED 2109/firefox
5. Dont resolve host, port and user name in netstat output
When you dont want the name of the host, port or user to be displayed, use netstat -n option. This will display in numbers, instead of resolving the host name, port name, user name. This also speeds up the output, as netstat is not performing any look-up.
# netstat -an
If you dont want only any one of those three items ( ports, or hosts, or users ) to be resolved, use following commands.
# netsat -a --numeric-ports
# netsat -a --numeric-hosts
# netsat -a --numeric-users
6. Print netstat information continuously
netstat will print information continuously every few seconds.
# netstat -c
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address
Foreign Address
State
tcp
0 ramesh-laptop.loc:36130 101-101-181-225.ama:www ESTABLISHED
tcp
1 ramesh-laptop.loc:52564 101.11.169.230:www
CLOSING
tcp
0 ramesh-laptop.loc:43758 server-101-101-43-2:www ESTABLISHED
tcp
1 ramesh-laptop.loc:42367 101.101.34.101:www
CLOSING
^C
7. Find the non supportive Address families in your system
netstat --verbose
At the end, you will have something like this.
netstat: no support for `AF IPX' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF AX25' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF X25' on this system.
netstat: no support for `AF NETROM' on this system.
8. Display the kernel routing information using netstat -r
# netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination
Gateway
Genmask
Flags
MSS Window
irtt Iface
192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0
0 0
0 eth2
link-local
255.255.0.0
0 0
0 eth2
default
192.168.1.1
0.0.0.0
UG
0 0
0 eth2
Note: Use netstat -rn to display routes in numeric format without resolving for host-names.
9. Find out on which port a program is running
# netstat -ap | grep ssh
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp -
0 dev-db:ssh
101.174.100.22:39213
CLOSE_WAIT
tcp -
0 dev-db:ssh
101.174.100.22:57643
CLOSE_WAIT
Find out which process is using a particular port:
# netstat -an | grep ':80'
10. Show the list of network interfaces
# netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface
MTU Met
RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR
TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0 BMU
1500 0
0 0
eth2 BMRU
1500 0
26196
0 0
26883
lo LRU
16436 0
0 0
Display extended information on the interfaces (similar to ifconfig) using netstat -ie:
# netstat -ie
Kernel Interface table
eth0
Link encap:Ethernet
HWaddr 00:10:40:11:11:11
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST
MTU:1500
Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Memory:f6ae0000-f6b00000
Source: http://www.thegeekstuff.com/
