COLD INSULATION THICKNESS CALCULATION
S.No
Description
Formulae
Unit
Value
Input
Table.1
Ambient temperature
Ta
35.8
2
3
4
Operating temperature
Relative humidity
Emissivity of surface(Aluminium dull finish)
5
6
Wind velocity
Diameter of Shell
To
Rh
Vw
C
%
-34
85
0.3
m/s
mm
0.5
250
Insulation material selected
8
9
Type of Heat Exchanger (Shape & condition)
Insulation thickness assumed for Iteration
Poly urethane
Horizontal Plates, cooler than
t
inch
mm
m
3.37
85.5980
0.085598
mm
inch
o
F
o
F
273.1
10.924
96.44
-29.2
7
Shape and Condition
Horizontal Cylinders
Long Vertical Cylinders
Vertical Plates
Horizontal Plates, Warmer than air Facing upward
Horizontal Plates, Warmer than air Facing downward
Horizontal Plates, Cooler than air Facing upward
Horizontal downward
Plates, cooler than air Facing downward
air Facing
Sphere
C Values
1.016
1.235
1.394
1.79
0.89
0.69
1.79
1.8159
CALCULATION
10
Outside diameter of shell
d0
11
12
Ambient temperature
Operating temperature
13
14
Wind velocity
Dew point corresponding to Ambient & Rh
Ta
To
Vw
15
Minimum surface temperature over
insulation to prevent condensation
TDP
16
17
18
Heat gain by Radiation as per Stefan-Boltzmann
Average absolute temperature
Temperature difference
19
20
Diameter over Insulation
C value corresponding to the type of heat exchanger
ft/min
o
C
98.4
32.8
91.09
33.38
1.26
92.09
1.22
Btu/ft2/h
o
R
o
F
1.543
553.9
4.35
10
12
14
1.19
1.15
1.1
inch
17.5
1.79
16
18
1.08
1.06
20
22
1.04
1.07
Ts = TDP + 1
Qr = 0.174*10-8*E*
[(Ta+459.6)4-(Ts+459.64)4]
T = (Ta+Ts)/2
T= Ta-Ts
=do+2(t)
C
from table.1
22
Qca = C * (1/d)0.2 *
Heat gain by Convection as per Heilman's equation
(1/T)0.181 * (T)1.266
(Modification of Langmuir Eqn)
Btu/ft2/h
1.103
d = O.D of cylindrical surface or height of vertical flat surface(for anything 24" or more use values listed for 24)=24
Multiplication factor for diameter over
from Table 2
1.065
insulation from Thermal Insulation handbook
23
Revised heat gain by convection for Insulation over shell
24
25
Revised heat gain by convection for wind velocity
Hence Surface heat gain
26
27
28
Thermal Resistance
Thermal Conductivity of Insulation material
Calculated Thickness of Insulation
29
Outer radius of shell
R = (Ts-To)/Q
K,
from data - I/p
T= R * K
r1= do/(2)
30
Radius over insulation
ro = r1 + t
31
Iterating Equivalent thickness of insulation for pipelines
such that Eq.thk > thk. Of insln. For flat surface
t1 = ro*ln(ro/r1)
32
Sufficiency of thickness
21
Qca'=Qca * Multipli.factor
Qca"=Qca'
*((Vw+68.9)/68.9)0.5
Q = Qr + Qca"
Table.2
INCHES
1
2
4
6
Btu/ft2/h
Btu/ft2/h
Btu/ft2/h
kcal/m2/h
m2hoC/kcal
kcal/mhoC
m
1.174
1.8298
3.372
9.139
7.373
0.01462
0.1078
0.137
0.222
m
if t1 < T, Assumed thk. Is sufficient
0.108109
OK
MULTIPLICATION FACTOR
1.83
1.64
1.43
1.37
HOT INSULATION THICKNESS CALCULATION
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Description
Input
Ambient temperature
Surface temperature
Emissivity of surface
Wind velocity
Formulae
Unit
Ta
Ts
Vw
Value
30
60
0.3
m/s
kg/m3
o
25
40
50
33.4
48.3
60.3
65
80
73
88.9
100
114.3
125
141.3
150
200
168.3
219.1
303
8
9
10
250
273.1
355.6
11
300
323.9
333
12
350
355.6
350
mm
OD
300.0
Gr 3 ( 81-120 kg/m3)
10
thk selection
NB
2
3
4
5
6
Insulation material selected
Density of mineral wool
Operating temperature
To
12
cell link
S.No
Nominal diameter of the pipe
Calculation
Ambient temperature
Ta
10
Outside Diameter of pipe
do
11
Surface temperature
Ts
12
Heat loss thro' radiation
Qr
=(4.876*10-8)**(Ts4-Ta4)
Kcal/sqm.hr
56.573
13
400
406.4
13
14
15
Heat loss thro' convection
Allowable heat loss from insulation
Surface film co-efficient
Qc
Q
F
=1.683*(Ts-Ta)1.25*((2.857Vw)+1)0.5
Kcal/sqm.hr
Kcal/sqm.hr
Kcal/sqm.hr
232.065
288.639
9.621
450
500
550
457.2
508
558.8
16
Mean temperature
=(Ts+To)/2
180
600
609.6
17
Thermal Conductivity at mean temperature K
From table
o
C
Kcal/sqm.hr
deg.C
14
15
16
17
0.3956
18
19
Heat loss thro' calculation
Selected thickness by iteration
20
Select nearest available thickness
Kcal/sqm.hr
m
mm
mm
218.263
0.2878
287.8198
300
mm
K
= Qr +Qc
= Q/(Ts-Ta)
=
(To-Ta) /
((((do+2t)/2k)*ln((do+2t)/do))+(1/F))
=if((Ts>To),0,(K*((To-Ta)/Q)-(1/F)))
Thermal Conductivity - mW/cmoC
Mean temperature - oC
1
50
0.49
0.43
0.43
0.43
3
Gr 1 ( 12-50 kg/m3)
Gr 2 ( 51-80 kg/m3)
Gr 3 ( 81-120 kg/m3)
Gr 4 ( 121-160 kg/m3)
3
150
1
2
3
4
4
200
180
2
100
0.69
0.52
0.52
0.52
3
150
0.95
0.64
0.62
0.62
4
200
----0.78
0.73
0.68
5
250
----0.93
0.84
0.8
6
300 Max temp.
----250
1.1
400
0.95
550
0.9
750
4.6
