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Function Graph Transformations

This document describes how to obtain the graph of a transformed function y=f(x) based on common transformations. It lists transformations such as shifting graphs up or down by adding or subtracting a constant c, reflecting graphs over the x or y-axis, stretching or shrinking graphs vertically by a factor a, and stretching or shrinking graphs horizontally by a factor c.

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81 views1 page

Function Graph Transformations

This document describes how to obtain the graph of a transformed function y=f(x) based on common transformations. It lists transformations such as shifting graphs up or down by adding or subtracting a constant c, reflecting graphs over the x or y-axis, stretching or shrinking graphs vertically by a factor a, and stretching or shrinking graphs horizontally by a factor c.

Uploaded by

princy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformation Rules for Functions

Equation How to obtain the graph


y = f(x) + c (c > 0) Shift graph y = f(x) up c units

y = f(x) - c (c > 0) Shift graph y = f(x) down c units

y = f(x c) (c > 0) Shift graph y = f(x) right c units

y = f(x + c) (c > 0) Shift graph y = f(x) left c units

y = -f(x) (c > 0) Reflect graph y = f(x) over x-axis

y = f(-x) (c > 0) Reflect graph y = f(x) over y-axis

y = af(x) (a > 1) Stretch graph y = f(x) vertically by


factor of a

y = af(x) (0 < a < 1) Shrink graph y = f(x) vertically by


factor of a
(Multiply y-coordinates of y = f(x) by a.)

y = f(cx) (c > 1) Shrink graph y = f(x) horizontally by


factor of c

y = f(cx) (0 < c < 1) Stretch graph y = f(x) horizontally by


factor of c
(Divide x-coordinates of y = f(x) by c.)

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