We will hhave to spend a fot ‘of money on the ‘construction ofthese builaings. '@ We can report people's words by using direct ‘speech of reported speech. Direct speech is the exact words someone used. We use quotation marks ('") in direct speech. e.g. I'm tired,” Helen said. Reported speech is the exact meaning of what someone said, but not the exact words. We do not, Uuse quotation marks in reported speech. We can either use the word that after the introductory verb (say, fell, etc.) oF we can omit it ‘@ Personal pronouns, possessive adjectives! possessive pronouns change according to the ‘meaning of the sentence. e.g. Helen said (that) she was tired, What dic Mr Lee tel his partner yesterday? . He tol his partner, We will have to spend a lot of money on the construction of these buildings. oR ‘He told his partner (that) they would have to spend a lot of ‘money on the construction of the buildings. eZ We can use the verbs say and tell both in direct, and reported speech. We can report someone's words either a long time after they were said (out-of-date-reporting) or a short time alter they were said (up-to-date reporting), Re Q Fin the gaps with say or tein the correct tonne! A “This sugartree chocolate is delicious’, 1) eal Sandra. I can't 2) the ditlerence between this chocolate and the one containing sugar. ike it © Say is used with or without a personal object. too. 3) Mark. | wish someone had 4) When used with a personal object, it is always. ‘me about t sooner. | could have lost so much weight! followed by the preposition fo (sald to me). To 5) you the wath I don’ think you shoul e.g. He said. Y’m cold lose weight. 6)... Sandra Ike yousustthe way He said (that) he was cold youate, she 7) him He said to me. 'm cold. He said to me (that) he was cold B ‘I saw Paul in town today’. Steve 1) Louise © Tell is always followed by a personal object (told 12) '9004 afternoon 10 him and | noticed me). e.g. He told me, ‘17m cold. that he'd had his hair cut | should have 3) He told me (that) he was cold. something about it, but it looked awful, so I didn't mention it. ‘You did the right thing’. Louise 4) him. W's better to 5) rothing than 06) alie Expressions with say and tell: © At Alison's wedding reception, he father stood up ang Say good momning/atternoon etc, somethinginothing » the guests that he would like to 2) a lc. a prayer, $0, a few words, etc. few words. He started to 3)... a story about when Alson was young. Alison felt embarrassed, but she tell the truth, ale, a secret, a story. a joke. the time, oa 102 the ditference. sb one’s name, sb the way, one ‘rom another. one’s fortune, sb $0, ete 's0. Then, her father §) the guests some jokes, which everyone found very funny, Finally, ne 6) ‘a prayer forthe happy couple,‘Statements Report Vero tenses and time expressions change in reported speech: ‘) when the introductory verb is in a past tense. 9. Im moving toa new fat next week,’ she said She said (that) she was moving to a new fat the following week. ») in out-of-date reporting. eg. (Monday 2 May) Mike said, 1 borrowed ‘some money from my parents. (Thursday 5 May) Mike said (that) he had borrowed some money trom his parents. ©) when we consider what the speaker says to be untrue 9. Paula and! are best riends,"Jack said to me. ‘Jack said to me that he and Paula were best trends, but Paula had never actually met him. ‘The tenses change as follows: present simple» past simple ‘I need a new car.’ Greg said Greg sai that) ne needed a new car Present continuous past continuous He's sleeping.’ she said She said (that) he was sleeping present perfect » past perfect ve already seen this fi, he said He said (that) he had already seen the frm past simple + past simple or past perfect 1 got up late," Tonia sai. Tonia said (that) she (had) got up lte past continuous.» past cont. or past pertect cont. "Twas working at four o'clock, Tim said. Tim said that) be was workingihad been working at four o'clock future (will) » conditional (would) TM call you tomorrow." ea sai, Fea said (that) she would call me the folowing day. ‘The past pertect and past pertect continuous remain the same. © Some words and time expressions change according to the meaning of the sentence: ‘now + then, at that time, immediately today, tonight + that day, that night yesterday » the day before, the previous day tomorrow the next day, the following day this week + that week last week the week before, the previous week next week » the week after, the following week two days ago + two days before here» there come + go Reporte @ When this/these are used in time expressions, they change to thatithose. eg.this week + that week, these days + those days When thisithese/thatithose are not used in time expressions, they change as follows: a) they change to the when used as adjective that is, when they are followed by a noun. e.g. This flm is boring.” Claire told me Claire told me (that) the film was boring bb) they change to It or they/them when used as pronouns, that is, when they are not followed. by anoun. 9. This is an unusual situation,’ Dad saia. Dad said (that) it was an unusual situation © Certain modal verbs change as follows: will» would He said. ‘One day Il be able o afford a car. He said (that) one day he would be able fo afford a car can + could He said, I can speak French He said (that) he could speak French can + couldiwould be able to (future reference) He said, We can meet tomorrow, He said (that) we could would be able to meet the nextday. may + might He sai." may call you He said (that) he might callus shall * should (asking for advice) + offer (expressing otters) He said, When shall! come?’ He asked when he should come. He said, ‘Shall! help you?” He offered to help me. ‘must musthhad to (obligation) He said, ‘You must frish this. ‘He said (that) | mustihad to finish it needn't. + needn'Vdidn't need to/didn't have to He said, ‘You needn't pay in cash He said (tha) I needn'tididn't need toldidn’t have to pay in cash Would, could, might, should, ought, had better, Used to and mustn't do not change. Must does not change when it expresses a logical assumption. e.g. a)! might tak to her," Danny said. Danny said (that) he might talk to her. )"You must be tired, Pau! told Susan. Paul told Susan (that) she must be tired. © In Type 1 conditionals tenses change in reported speech as follows: the present simple becomes ast simple in the if-clause and will becomes would in the main clause. 2.9. ou ask Liz, she'll help you,’ he said. He said (that if asked Liz, she would help me. 103© In Type 2 and Type 3 conditionals tenses do not change. eg. a) If Ihad more time, | would take up a hobby. Eric said to me, Eric told me (that) if he had more time, he would take up a hobby. ) 1 hadn't parked my car on a double yellow ling, | wouldn't have got a ticket,’ Sam said. ‘Sam said (that) t he hadn't parked his car on ‘a double yellow line, he wouldn't have got a ticket. The verb tenses remain the same in reported speech when the introductory verb is in the present, future or present perfect. eg. Mum says, Dinner is ready. ‘Mum says (that) dinner is ready. ‘The introductory verb is in the present ten: a) when we pass on messages. e.g. Debbie says she needs the car tonight. b) when we report the content of a letter, article, etc. while reading it. ‘e49. The article says that people use too much water. ©) when we refer to something someone says very often. e.g. Mum often says that ! shouldn't talk to strangers. © The verb tenses can either change or remain the ‘same in reported speech: a) in up-to-date reporting. b) when reporting a general truth or law of nature. e.g. The teacher said, aris is the capital of France. The teacher said (that) Pars isiwas the capital of France. university last month. Read their words, then eo Ruth met lots of students when she went to visit a report what they sald. 9.1. Sarah told her (that) she had made lots of friends, 4 ve mace The teachers lois of ends are vet hen (Sarah), am ly. 2 7 : re sora ge always romembe? way remem cr ane) 6 Fim earning rm lots of teresting taking my nal things. Paul exams nest month 7 (Roger) 104 » 10 " 2 3 4 18 16 wv 8 19 20 a1 22 23 24 25 26 Turn the following sentences into reported speech. Robert said, “This film is very funny’ Robert said (that) the flm wae very funny. {im starting a new job next week. she said I got my exam results last week.” he told them I cant atford to buy this dress. said Sally, “Iwould buy a cari had enough money,” he said to her Frank Said. That’ the house where I was born ‘That was a wondertl party. said Jil ‘Oranges grow in hot countries. the teacher said ‘Alt of people visit museums, he said This isa very famous statue, the tour guide told us. I don't ke that jacket” said Bob. ‘Tm lost the boy said. (up-to-date reporting) { may be a ite late this evening. she said ‘You'd better clean up this mess,” Mum said to Claire I've already done the shopping. she said. (up-to-date reporting) ‘ound this note under the sofa, said Sue ‘won't be late again. he said to us. it nish work ear, call you. she said Ive been taining hard recently. he told the reporters, Shall make some tea?” said Zoe ‘We must go home now. said the man to his children ‘Those are the boys who chased me. Sarah said ‘'m going to a party tonight (upto-date reporting) Lynne told her friends, | used to have long hair. Laura said “There is too much violence on TV. said Grandad. You ought to make a decision soon,” Andrew told herComplete the sentences with your own ideas using reported speech, as in the example. 1 ‘| bought a new dress yesterday. ‘Did you? But you tld me ..you had bought trousers: 2. Bills moving house on Saturday. Is he? 3. ‘Ilke Chinese food a lot. Do you? 4 “Tom can speak German fluently Can he? 5 “Thaven't seen Anna for months, Haven't you? Sam is working for his father at the moment, she? 7. “Tmataid Ihave to work this weekend, Do you? 8 Janet knows about the surprise party, Does she? ‘Turn the sentences into reported speech. In which of the following sentences do the tenses not change? In which do they not have to be changed? Why? 1. The instructions say. ‘The camera needs two batteries The Instructions say (that) the camera needs two batteries, The tenses do not change because the introductory verb is in the present simple. 2 Tvetinished the letters you asked me to write. Jil said 3. Pandas lve in China. the teacher said 4 Dad says, I's ume for bed. 5 Thave to tidy my bedroom now.’ Toby said 6 The article says. ‘There has been an increase in the umber of university students, 7. Mir Brown says. ‘My son is going to work abroad. {8 I should have bought her a present. he said 9 “Tmanever going to have a pet. my sister always says, 10 Alison says. The taxis here. 11 Mr Colins says. You needn't work late ths evening 12 Tiipick you up at eight o'clock. she told me. 13. Coals found underground. he said 14 "You ought to go to the doctors. she said to her son 18 16 7 Reporte {ts raining hard today. she said ‘They said, We've never raveled by plane belore ‘We might goto the cinema tonight. they sac ‘Mum always says. You should wear warmer clothes ‘Lucy's grandmother was a famous actress. Now that ‘she has retired, she is showing Lucy reviews from some of the films she made. Using the prompts below, make sentences, as in the example. 9. When | starred in ‘The Love Affalr’ In 1952, “Movie World’ eaid that Iwas an extremely talented actress. ‘The Stars’ ead that. 105106 Why are Yesterday, they carried out an experiment ‘One student asked the teacher why he was mixing the liquids. The other student asked the teacher ifiwhether they should take notes. ‘@ Reported questions are usually introduced with the verbs ask, Inquire, wonder or the expression want to know. The verb Is in the affirmative. The question mark and words/expressions such as please, well ... oh, etc. are omitted. The verb tenses, pronouns and time expressions change as in statements. e.g. What did you make for dinner yesterday? Bob asked me, Bob asked me what I had made for dinner the day before. @ When the direct speech begins with a question word (who, where, how old, how long, when, why, what, etc.), the reported question is introduced with ‘the same question word. When the direct question begins with an auxiliary (is, do, have) or a modal verb (can, may, etc.), then the reported question begins with if or whether. 9. Why do you wantto leave your job?’ Pam asked me, Pam asked me why | wanted to leave my job. 'Do you like rock music?” he asked us. Ho asked us ifwhether we liked rock music. ‘Can you ride a motorcycle?" Ben asked Davi. Ben asked David itiwhether he could ride a ‘motorcycle. ‘Turn the questions into reported speech. Begin each one with I asked the ... and give the name of the person who does the job, as in the example. 1. ‘Do I need anather filing? | asked the dentist if I needed another filing ‘How much does this blouse cost?” ‘How many tablets should | take each day?” ‘Can | borrow the book for anather week?” ‘Will it cost very much to repair the television?” May | ook at the menu, please? ‘What do | have to do for homework? ‘When will the report be typed? ‘Will you be able to deliver the flowers today? ‘Can | make an appointment to have my hair cut? Turn the following into reported questions. 1 What is your name?’ he asked me. He asked me what my name was. 2. ‘Where are your parents?” Uncle Bil asked us. 3. Willyou help me carry the box. please” Oad asked 4 "What time will you be home?” Mum asked me 5 Can you play the guitar?’ he asked her. 6 Who was atthe door? David asked Janet 7. “Where is the post oice?’ they asked us ‘8 When will you do your homework?" Meg asked me. 9 The boss asked me. Have you finished those reports?” 10 John asked Sam, ‘Do you ike computer games? 11 “Will you give me a lit 10 work. please?” he asked her 12 “Where is your jacket?’ she asked him » 1. "Do you enjoy beina famous? ‘Simon asked him iffwhether he enjoyed being famous, 2. "What's the best part of your job?” Yesterday, Simon interviewed a famous actor. He ‘asked him the following questions. Turn them. Into reported questions. 3. ‘What do you find dificult about acting? 4 “How many fims have you starred in? 5 What's your favourite fm? 6 “Have you met many other famous people? 7 ‘Where would you most lke to make a fim? 8 “Have you visited many interesting places? 9 What are your plans for the future? 410 “Are you happy with your life?KePCHEC! Cennchee KEGes SUCRE Inform the manager ‘immediatly Lot's call ~ the computer expert A Please don't tll anyone be about this. Lorna asked them not to tell anyone about it Peter told them to inform the manager right away. slim suggested calling the computer expert. © To report commands, instructions, requests or Suggestions in reported speech, we use an appropriate introductory verb (ask, order, beg, ‘suggest, tell, etc.) and the to-infintive, -ing form or thal-clause depending on the introductory verb (see page 109). 9. a) ‘Stop the car!’ the policeman said to him. The policeman ordered him to stop the car. ) Putall the ingredients in a bow. she said to me. ‘She told me to put al the ingredients in a bow, .¢) "Will you please hold this bag for me? Laura said to Helen Laura asked Helen to hold the bag for her. 4) "How about going to the cinema?’ said to them. | suggested going fo the cinema 1. The teacher said to the student. ‘Come and see me after the lesson The teacher asked the student to go and see him/ her after the lesson. 2. He said. ‘Shall we go out for dinner?” Turn the following sentences into reported speech. 3. Colin said to Dave, ‘Please hold this book for me. 4 He said to her, ‘Close the door, please. 5 Father said, “How about going to the beach? 6 She said, ‘Let's watch the game on TV. 10 " 2 Reporte He said to ther, ‘Pease, please don't hurt me Te policeman sad the thieves. Put your hands up! The man said to the waiter, ‘Can you bring me some water, please? Jason said to his father. ‘Please, please let me go to the pany. ‘The librarian said to the boys. ‘Don't make so much ‘The chet said to me, ‘Put the cake in the oven. First read, then report what the teacher told the students before the exam. Answer all the ‘questions, Please leave your bags at the front ottheroom. 4 Dont Torget to write your Dont raecitetea, " oe wn poe Raise wth ‘eed anything 2%... ‘answers again before you hand the sepa Wet © rrease all your answers leave quietly when in pen. ‘you finish, He asked the etudente to leave their bage at the front of the room. 1072 3 108 ‘Study the speech bubbles, then complete the sentences below using reported speech, rin the example ny uo a] e7 — wertctcuss») (ters 90 ome iter.) {won't be home tonight, Dad. alias boscut please Be quiet! | Mum? va yu hep me wan ose bags 1'm going to bed. Ss Sa 1 Iwas very late, so | .2aid I was going to bed. 2 Clare was planning to stay with friends, so she Iwas hungry, $0 1 The shopping was very heavy, so Sarah Mark wasnt ready for school, so his brother ‘Te children were shouting, so the teacher Susie wanted to watch a play. So she Pam was busy when | asked for some advice, so she Turn the following sentences into reported speech. ‘Where are you going? she said to them. She asked them where they were going, ''m going shopping. said Anna. (up-to-date reporting) Go away" said his tena, She asked me, ‘Are you ready to leave? Il pick you up at fve o'clock,” he said to her Ws time for lunch,” Ruth says. ‘When did you arrive?” asked Marni. ‘The meeting started ten minutes ago.’ she said. (up- to-date reporting) 9 My father said to me, ‘Don't be late 10 “Tom has already lett. said Pam to us. 11. Who's there?’ said Joe. 12 What colour skirt did you buy?” she asked me. 13 They said to him, We're leaving early in the morning, (upto-date reporting) 14 ‘Don't go near the fire,” Dad said to the boys. 15. “Let's have a barbecue this weekend,’ said Lz (7 1 She said tha it was going to be a wonderful pry a ‘twas going to be a wondertul party @® t's going to be a wondertu pany. 2 He said the bus might be a litle late that day 2 ‘The bus was a tle late today. 1b ‘The bus might be a litle late today, 3. She told him that he should study harder ‘@ You should study harder. b You should have studied harder. 4 He said that the fire had done a lot of damage to the building, ‘a. “The fire had done a lot of damage to the building, “The fire has done a lot of damage to the building 5. He said that Michael was the best student he had ever taught a “Michael s the best student | have ever taught b Michael was the best student | have ever taught 6 She told us that the new furnture had been delivered the day betore. ‘a "The new furniture had been delivered yesterday b ‘The new furniture was delivered yesterday. 7 They said that the manager would inspect the otfice the following day a ‘The manager will inspect the otfice the following day, 1b ‘The manager willinspect the office tomorrow 8 He said that if we hadn't acted so quickly. the accident would have been even worse ‘you hadn't acted so quickly, the accident would have been even worse. b you haven't acted so quickly, the accident would be even worse.‘Yes, 'l!lend you the money. ' saw the robbers, ‘Give me the money. ‘Would you tke me to help you? "return the book to you soon.” ‘No. | won't call her ‘Stop shouting or I'l punish you. "You should eat more fruit “You can go to the party ‘Could you do me a favour?” Pease, please don't hurt me Put your hands up.” You mustn't stay out late. ‘Will you come to my wedding?” "Goto your room!" "Don't forget to buy some milk.” "Don't touch the iron, Reporte: He agreed to lend me the money. He claimed to have seen the robbers. He demanded to be given the money, He offered to help me. He promised to return the book to me soon. He refused to call her He threatened to punish her i she didnt stop shouting, He advised me to eat more fruit He allowed me to go to the party. He asked me to do him a favour He begged them not to hurt him. He commanded them to put their hands up. He forbade me to stay out late He invited me to (go to) his wedding, He ordered me to go to my room. He reminded me to buy sore milk He warned me not to touch the icon ‘You committed the crime, ‘Yes. | gave away your secret apologise for boast abouviot 1'm sorry I'm late ''m the best student in my class, complain to sb of "deny ‘insist on suggest “Thave noisy neighbours, "No, I didn't use your computer. ‘You must finish by Friday.” “Let's go out to dinner. explain to sb + how “That's how it works. that-clause explain ' don't ke him because he’s rude. inform sb “The results will come out tomorrow. exclaim/remark ‘What a glorious day!” He accust the crime. He admitted (to) givingihaving given away my secret. He apologised for being late. He boasted aboutiof being the best student in his. class. He complained of having noisy neighbours. He denied usingihaving used my computer He insisted on me/my finishing by Friday. He suggest-d going out to dinner. her of committingihaving committed He explained to us how it worked. She explained that she didn't ike him because he was rude, He informed us that the results would come out the next day. He exclaimed/remarked that it was a glorious day. "* Note: The verbs marked with an asterisk can also be followed by a that - clause in reported speech eg. He claimed that he had won a prize. He promised that he would call. He threatened that he would leave. He reminded me that | had a meeting that aternoon. He admitted that he was wrong. He boasted that he was very ich He complained that he cin t earn enough money. He denied that he hac ken the money. He insisted that | (should) work on Saturday He suggested that we (shoul) take out a loan110 43), compote te sentences 1. "You should spend mote time studying, The teacher advised ...me to spend more time studying, 2 ‘Don’ forget to lock the door before you leave. ‘Sam reminded 3. ‘Tm sozry forgot to call you. sim apologised 4 "You never listen to me, Stuart Mary complained 5 ‘Shall we go bowling this evening? Mark suggested 6 You musin' play near the road Father forbade 7. ‘This man stole my wallet! Mr Brown accused 8 ‘Im the best basketball player in the school. Steve boasted 9 Yes, ! took the letter. Claire admitted "You must stay for lunch, Saran, Mrs Stamp insisted 11 Please, please, let me borrow your bicycle. Martin begged 12. ‘Don't touch the oven. I's hot Mother warned 10 Fill in the gaps with one of the introductory verbs from the list below in the past simple. deny suggest. boast agree insist. accuse promise complain advise threaten = warn remind 11 “Tm the fastest runner on the team.’ he said He ..boasted... about being the fastest runner on the team, 2 ‘I did't take your jacket,’ he said to her He taking her jacket 3. "You should go to the doctor's.” Mum said to me. Mum ime to go to the doctor's, 4 “Tilcall you next week,’ she said to him. She to call him next week. 5 Yes, I'l set the table for dinner,’ he said to her. He to set the table for dinner. 6 He always forgets my birthday,’ she said She thal he always forgot her birthday. 7 “Let's go for a walk,’ she said She ‘going for a walk 8 ‘Leave, oF Il shoot,’ the man said to them. The man to shoot them if they didn't eave, 9 ‘Don't forget to feed the cat.’ she said to him. She hi to feed the cat. 10 You broke my CD player.” she said to him She him of breaking her CD player. " 2 " 3 4 16 w 18 20 Don't go near the edge of the ct” Dad said to them. Dad them not to go near the edge of the cit ‘You must do your homework before you go out.” she said to us, She we went out (on us doing our homework before ‘Turn the sentences into reported speech using an appropriate introductory verb. No, | won't do your homework for you. she said to me ‘She refused to do my homework for me "You lied to me.’ Dennis told Ann {promise I won't tell anyone your secret. Tara said 10, Diana. ‘Don’ forget to post the letters, Mum said 10 me. {im sony | ruined your shirt, Sarah told Frances, No, I did't use Tim's computer. George said Don't get oo close tothe fre. Mike said tothe cicren Let's have a party. Simon said "HI punish you f you behave badly, Mum told the twins, it as me who broke the vase. she said ‘Could l use your phone. please?’ David asked re. ‘Yes. il help you wth the washing.up. Sandra told me Everyone stop talking)” Mr Jones told the class. Please, please, don't tell anyone about this he said tous ‘You should go to the dentist's.” she told her brother. ‘Children, sit down! the school bus driver sai. Throw down your weapons! the policeman said to the robbers. ‘No. you may not stay out late tonight. Louise. Dad said to ‘You must wash your hands before eating dinner.” she told the children, ‘That's the most beautiful necklace I've ever seen’ ‘Amanda said.@ We use the verbs exciaim/say that to report fexclamations which begin with ‘What a/an .. or “How ..’ in direct speech. eg. What an unusual design” he said. He exclaimedisaid that it was an unusual design, He exclaimedisaid that the design was unusual. But with exclamations such as ‘Splendid!’ “Great! ‘Good’, ‘Excellent!’ ‘Oh!’, ‘Oh dear!’ etc. we use the expression aive an exclamation of delight/ disgust reliet/surprise, etc. eg. Wor ‘unwrapped his git. He gave an exclamation of surprise as he ‘unwrapped his git. ‘Study the following examples: 9.2) They said, Thank you.” + They thanked us. ) You fool!’ she said. + She called him a fool ©) ‘Happy Birthday!” we said to Tamzin + We wished Tamzin a happy birthday. ) Congratulations!” they said to us. * They congratulated us. * Yes/No short answers are expressed in reported ‘speech with subject + appropriate aunillary verb/ Introductory verb. .g. Wilyouhelp me decorate the cake? she asked him. Yes,” he said, She asked him to help her decorate the cake and he said he wouldihe agreed. ‘# Question tags are omitted in reported speech. We use an appropriate introductory verb to convey the same meaning. e.g. You won't tell anyone, will you?" she said to him. ‘She asked him not to tell anyone. 4, ‘Turn the following sentences into reported speech. 1. Wil vou call me?" he asked. ‘Yes. of course,” she said. He asked her to call him and che said she would. 2. ‘Wow!’ they said as the fireworks exploded in the sky. 3 "You't try to vist John, won't you?” he said to us. 4 ‘How delicous! she Said as she tasted the dessert 5 What a surprise he said when he saw the present 6 “Amazing!” she Said when she saw the magican’s act 7 ‘Wel, good tuck, then. she said to him 8 ‘Can you do this puzzle she asked. ‘No,’ he said. Reporte epetitne) G Biclect g he In dialogues we use a mixture of statements, questions, commands, requests, etc. In reported speech, we use: and, as, adding that, and (he/she) added that, because, but, since, and then (he/she) went on to say (that), while, then, etc. to link the sentences in a dialogue. We can also use Introductory verbs in the present participle form (offering, begging, explaining, ete.) a Tm exhausted,” she said to him. ‘Can you make me a cup of tea? ‘She exclaimed that she was exhausted and asked him to make her a cup of tea. bb ‘take a taxi home. It's getting late’, he said. He said that he would take a taxi home as) becauselsince it was getting late. © Mr Adams: Can | talk to Mr Stephens? Secretary: I'm sorry, but he's not here. Would you like me to take a message? ‘Mr Adams: No, thank you. | need to see him in person. ‘Mr Adams asked to talk to Mr Stephens. His secretary said that he wasn't there and offered to take a message. Mr Adams declined, explaining that he needed to see him in person. Turn the following sentences into reported speech. 1. ‘Tm hunary’ she said. "haven't eaten all day. She said that she was hungry, explaining that she hadn't eaten all day. 2 ‘Let's go to the cinema,’ he said. 'We haven't seen a fm for months, 3. Tim: Dave is il, He can't come to the party Mike: What's wrong with him? Tim: He's got fl He has to stay in bed 4 "Youte early. he said to her. I'm not ready yet. 5 ‘Hurry up! she told him. We're going to miss the bus. 6 ‘Have you got your key?’ she said. I've forgotten mine. mWm2 1'm going out,’ Colin said. 1 might be back late. 8 Sally: ve bought a car. I's being delivered tomorrow. ‘John: What kind of car isi? Sally: I's a sports car. It was very expensive, 10 9 ‘Tm Sorry 'm late. | overslept. he said to them, 10 Martin: Gan you help me? I need some advice. James: What's the problem? Martin: | don't know what to buy my mother for her 4 birthday. | want to get something special Punctuation itn Direct Speech 4 “A We put the speaker's words in quotation marks and we capitalise the first word of the direct, ‘speech. When the speaker is mentioned before the direct speech, we put the comma outside the quotation marks. When the speaker Is mentioned. after the direct speech, we put the comma inside the quotation marks. e.g. He said, I love Pars in the winter OR: 1 ove Pars in the winter,’ he said. If the direct speech is a question and the person being spoken to comes after it, we put a question ‘mark and not a comm 2.9. ‘Shall we go now?’ he asked her. OR: He asked her, ‘Shall we go now?” 10 Punctuate the following, making any other necessary changes. 1 1. would vou like a drink she asked me. ‘Would you like a drink? she asked me. 2 shall we go out tonight Bill asked David said Shut the door please 4 wy ae you crying Stove asked Jenny 5 I'm sorry 'm late he said | was stuck in tac 5 6 Rachel said Im atraié cant help you 6 7. don't want eggs she said to her mother 'drather have 7 asteak we have to leave in five minutes Sally said can you call usa taxi {id you go to the library today Sean asked me Danie! said stop talking | can't concentrate Turn the following sentences into direct speech, as in the example. He threatened to tell the headmaster if we didn't behave properly ‘Ill tell the headmaster if you don't behave property,’ he said. She invited me to go to the cinema with her. He offered to help me clean the house. We explained thal we were late because we had missed the bus. She advised me to see a professional She admitted to reading my diary, She agreed to help me interview the candidates. He accused me of breaking his glasses We apologised for missing thew inner party Eaward complained that the children were always disturbing him Turn the following sentences from direct into reported speech or vice versa. \What are vour plans for the weekend?” he asked her. He asked her what her plans for the weekend Malcolm suggested that they go fishing that afternoon. ‘Simon denied having damaged the car ‘Could you open the door for me, please? Kate asked Harry Julia claimed to have met Kevin Costner. ‘You never listen when Im talking to you,’ she said ‘The instauctor said, “This is how you open the parachute.8 I promise | won't lose your necklace.” she told her fend. 9 Stuar begged his parents to let him go tothe disco. 10 His father said to him. No. you can't go tothe concert 11 Yes. you may stay out late on Saturday. said Mum. 12 The man demanded to speak to his lawyer. 13 TImalraid there are no tickets let. he Said 10 us. 14 The paths very sippery. the guide said to the clmbers. 18. He asked her to write to him while she was away. ‘Turn the following into reported speech. Use appropriate introductory verbs. 1. Sam: ‘We're having trouble finding a good sales Sam complained that they were having trouble finding a good sales aeeletart. 2 Dave: We've been interviewing people for two weeks.” 3. Lucy: Why don't you contact the Job Centre?” 4 Ann “Think that Julie Smith is looking fora job. 5 Tom: "Yes, right. We forgot that she has been looking for a job. 6 Dave: ‘Actually, Jule might be perfect for the job. ‘Ann, do you have her phone number?” 7 Aan: "Yes, 160. Il ve her a cal i you like, 18 Sam: ‘Don't forget to ask her if she can work flexible hours. @- Reporte Commie misicls © She told to me that she was late. x She told me that she was late. 7 ‘© Colin said, I met them last week Colin said he had met them last week. x olin said he had met them the week before'the previous week. 7 ‘* This is a mistake.” she told me. ‘She told me that that was a mistake. x She told me that it was a mistake. ¥ ‘© "Derek must be very rich,” Samantha told me. ‘Samantha told me that Derek had to be very rich. x ‘Samantha told me that Derek must be very rich. ‘© Peter says. “Everybody isin the garden. Peter says that everybody was in the garden. x Peter says that everybody isin the garden. ‘© "Where did you find this ring?’ Karen asked me, Karen asked me where had I found the ring. x karen asked me where Itad found the ring. 7 ct the mistakes. ‘Anna says that lunch was ready. ‘They told me that that was a photograph of thet family. Brian told to me that he had a new car. Linda said she had seen the film last month, Tim asked me where had | been on holiday. Alan told me that John had to be in the office. BB), cross out the unnecessary word. 1. Our friends told us that we had better to avoid the city centre 2 Annabelle asked Tony where he was being going for his holidays. 3. They asked me if| would ike to buy her a git and I said | would so. 4 Paul suggested that they should to inform the police as soon as possible. ‘5 Rebecca told to her husband that the postman had delivered a parcel for him, 6 The man wanted to know if where the nearest post office was. 7. Melissa promised that to call us as soon as she reached Madeia 8 The teacher told us do not to make any noise, 9 Rhonda asked me that what | would ike for my birthday, 10 He insisted on that we should tell the truth about the incident Ww14 10 1" 12 13 4 5 16 v Complete each sentence with two to tive words, including the word in bold. ‘feel very il’ he said to her. complained He ..complained of feeling... very i | promise I'l send you a postcard, Jule said to Mike promised Julie Mike a postcard | will send you to your room if you don't apologise. she said to him, threatened She room it he didn't apologise. Would you like to come to dinner on Friday?” they said tous. invited tohis They to dinner on Friday. ‘What an amazing garden” said Mare. exclaimed Marie an amazing garden ''m sorry ! interrupted the meeting,’ he said to her. tor He the meeting ‘You must finish that report by five o'clock,’ she said to on She the report by five o'clock ‘No, | won't give you any mare pocket money,’ Dad said to Steve, refused Dad any more pocket money. Let's go for a picnic this afternoon,’ Mum said going Mum that afternoon, | didn't leave the tap on.” she said. denied She the tap on. “Don't forget to pack your swimming costumes.’ Mum said to us, reminded Mum swimming costumes | took your new skirt” my sister said. admitted — My sister my new skit. “You drank the last can of lemonade,’ Sue said to Jane. of ‘Sue the last can of lemonade Why don't we organise a party for Lucy's birthday? Dave said should our Dave 2 party for Lucy's birthday, ‘Ok, I'l give you a chance,’ she said agreed She a chance, ‘Drop your gun” the policeman told the man. ordered The policeman his gua. Why are you making such a fuss?’ Mum asked me. was ‘Mum wanted to know ‘organise such a fuss, 18 ‘Tilgive you a lit tothe station,’ Mike said to me. to Mike alin to the station 19 "You should save some money every month, Rita told her son. advised Rita some money ‘every month, 20 “Ive got the fastest car ofall my friends,’ Daniel said boasted Danie! the fastest car ofall his trends, 21 ‘I don't suppose you can lend me thity pounds. can you?’ Caroline said to me. whether Caroline wanted to know her thity pounds. | saw who broke into the flat. Mrs Reeves told the police claimed 22 Mrs Reeves Who broke into the fat Where is my purse?” she asked hersell wondered She ‘Why are you so upset?” Diana asked Fiona was Diana asked Fiona 0 upset Bly underine me correct aepeston Colin searched everywhere atiforion his missing keys. Tam quite satistied aboutiwithiby my new television We hurried through the storm in search foriotiat shelter. 4 The judge sentenced the thief tojofifr five years in prison. 5. The teacher shouted to/at/about the naughty children 6 The boy shouted at/to/for his friends that he was going home. This dress is similar tolwithifor the one Sally bought Toby is a doctor who specialises injofiat allergies. The lifeguard saved the old lady ofibyifrom drowning They spent all their money forion/at computer games, so they had to walk all the way back home, 11. Sam hopes to succeed in/atiof becoming captain of the football tea, 12. Paula sutters fromiwith/of hay fever every summer. 13. Lam not sure aboutlofion where to go on holiday this year. 14 She is always suspicious withiofiat people who retuse 10 look her in the eye. 15 The police suspect her foriaboutiof committing @ robbery. | sympathise towithifor you over the loss of your job 1m out of work, too. 17 Although he is sympathetic toiwithifor the hardships Of the homeless, he doesn't do anything to help them. 48 We're in a dificult situation, but | hope we'll find a solution for/atite our problem soon. 23 was. 24 6