DESIGN OF COPING BEAM (PORTAL)
Sg C
VU VU VU VU
A. Basic Data:
fc' := 28 MPa Specified compressive strength of concrete
fy := 414 MPa Specified yield strength of reinforcement
d := 25 mm Main bar of coping
ds := 16 mm Stirrup bar of coping
f := 0.90 Strength reduction factor for flexure
v := 0.90 Strength reduction factor for shear
cc := 50 mm clear cover coping
D := 1500mm total depth of Coping
b := 2400mm Width of coping at top
n=8 modular ratio of elasticity
B. Moment @ support, top bars
Mutop := 1685.4 kN m From STAADPrO, vertical analysis 1.25DC + 1.5DW + Plastic
Vup := 878.831 kN From STAADPrO, vertical analysis 1.25DC + 1.5DW + Plastic
5 d
dprov := D - cc - - ds Distance from compression face to
2 centroid ot tension reinf.
dprov = 1371.5 mm
1 := 0.85 if fc' 28 MPa
otherwise
fc' - 28 MPa fc' - 28 MPa
0.85 - 0.05 if 0.85 - 0.05 7 MPa 0.65 Stress block factor,
7 MPa 5.7.2.2,AASTHO LRFD
0.65 otherwise 2007, SI ed
1 = 0.85
Minimum Reinforecement, 5.7.3.3.2, AASTHO LRFD 2012, SI ed
fr := 0.63 fc' MPa
fr = 3.334 MPa
2
b D
2
yb := yb = 0.75 m
b D
yt := D - yb yt = 0.75 m
3
b D 4
Ig := Ig = 0.675 m
12
1.2 fr Ig 1.2 fr Ig
Mutmin1 := Mub min1 :=
yt yb
Mutmin1 = 3600.338 kN m Mub min1 = 3600.338 kN m
Mubmin := min Mutop , Mutmin1
4
3
Mubmin = 2247.2 kN m
MuDesign_top := max( Mutmin1 , Mutop) MuDesign_top = 3600.338 kN m
MuDesign_top
Rntop := Rntop = 0.886 MPa
2
f b dprov
fy
m :=
0.85 fc'
m = 17.395
1 2 m Rntop
top := 1 - 1 -
m fy
top = 0.00218
Astop := top b dprov
2
Astop = 7181.665 mm
Astop
Ntop :=
2 Ntop = 14.63 Ntop := 15 USE 15-25mm top at support
d
4
2
Ntop d fy
4
a1 := a1 = 53.367 mm
0.85 fc' b
C. Moment @ midspan, bottom bars
Mubot := 572.827 kN m From STAADPrO, vertical analysis,1[1.25DC + 1.5DW + 1.75(LL+IM)]
3 d
dmprov := D - cc - - ds Distance from compression face to
2 centroid ot tension reinf.
dmprov = 1.396 m
MuDesign_bot := max( Mub min1 , Mubot) MuDesign_bot = 3600.338 kN m
MuDesign_bot
Rnmbot := Rnmbot = 0.855 MPa
2
f b dm prov
m = 17.395
1 2 m Rnmbot
mbot := 1 - 1 -
m fy
mbot = 0.0021
Asmbot := mbot b dmprov
2
Asmbot = 7048.17 mm
Asmbot
Nmbot :=
2 Nmbot = 14.358 Nmbot := 15 USED 15-25mm bottom
d
4
2
Nmbot d fy
4
a3 := a3 = 53.367 mm
0.85 fc' b
D. Check for Shear
Vu := 872.396 kN From STAADPrO, vertical analysis,1.25DC + 1.5DW + 1.75(LL+IM)
dv := max D - a1 , 0.9 dprov , 0.72 D
1
Effective shear depth
2
dv = 1.473 m
Factor indicating ability of diagonally
:= 2.0
cracked concrete to transmit
tension,5.8.3.4 AASTHO LRFD 2007, SI
ed.
Vc := 0.083 fc' MPa b dv Nominal shear resistance provided by tensile stresses
in concrete 5.8.2.4 ,AASTHO LRFD 2007, SI ed.
Vc = 3105.95 kN
2
Av := 2 ds 2
4 Av = 402.124 mm 2 legs
Av fy dv
sp e := sp e = -115 mm use 2 legs 16mm, 15@ 100,6@125 rest at 250
Vu
- Vc
v
sp := 100 mm
dv
Vs := Av fy Shear resistance provided by the transverse reinforcement
sp
Vs = 2452.767 kN
2 Mutop Vup
Check_Asfy := "ok" if Ntop d fy + - 0.5 Vs 5.8.3.5-1 ,AASTHO LRFD 2007, SI ed.
4 dv f v
"not ok" otherwise
Check_Asfy = "ok"
E. Check for Crack Control
Ms := 1200 kN m From STAADPrO, vertical analysis,1.0 DC + 1.0 DW + 1.0(LL+IM)
2
As := Nmbot d
4
As
0 :=
b dmprov
2
k := 2 0 n + ( 0 n ) - 0 n k = 0.171
k
j := 1 - j = 0.943
3
3
dc := cc + ds + d dc = 103.5 mm
2
dc
s := 1 +
0.7( D - dc) s = 1.106
e := 1.00 Class 1 expossure factor condition,
5.7.3.4, AASTHO LRFD 2007, SI ed
Ms
fss := Tensile stress in steel reinforcement
As j dm prov at the service limit state
fss = 123.745 MPa
b - 2 cc - 2 ds - d 123000 e MPa mm
S := S = 345.077 mm - 2 dc = 691.819 mm
0.5 Nmbot - 1 s fss
123000 e MPa mm
Remider := "ok" if S - 2 dc Remider = "ok"
s fss
"NO GOOD, Revised bar diameter" otherwise
F. Check for Longitudinal Skin Reinforcement, Art.5.7.3.4-2:
2
2 mm
Askts := 0mm if dprov 900mm Askts = 0.611
mm
min0.001 ( dprov - 760mm) ,
As
otherwise
1200mm
Asktstot := min( Askts D , 0.25 As)
2
Asktstot = 917.25 mm
dbarskts := 16mm Bar diameter
2
dbarskts
Abarskts := Area of Bar
4
Asktstot Number of bars required
Nskbar := ceil
Abarskts
Nskbar = 5 USED 5 - 20 Each face
G. Check Torsion:
VULL
av av
VUL
VUR
D
b
av := 800 mm
VLL := 193.309 kN Live load (with impact) at right side, LL
VDCR := 132.66 kN Dead load of structural component and non structural component at right side, DC
VDWR := 37.62 kN Dead load of wearing surface and utilities at right side, DW
VDCL := 132.66 kN Dead load of structural component and non structural component at left side, DC
VDWL := 37.62 kN Dead load of wearing surface and utilities at right left, DW
VUR := 1.0 ( 1.25 VDCR + 1.50 VDWR) 1[1.25DC + 1.5DW ]
VUR = 222.255 kN
VUL := 1.0 ( 1.25 VDCL + 1.50 VDWL) 1[1.25DC + 1.5DW ]
VUL = 222.255 kN
VULL. := 1.0 ( 1.75 VLL) Live load at right side, 1[1.75(LL+IM)]
VULL. = 338.291 kN
Tu := ( VUR - VUL) ( av) + VULL. ( av)
Tu = 270.633 kN m
Acp := b D
Pc := 2 D + 2 b
fpc := 0 MPa
( Acp ) 2 fpc
Tcr := 0.328 fc' MPa 1+
Pc (0.328 fc' MPa)
Tcr = 2883.788 kN m
0.25 v Tcr = 648.85 kN m
Check_Torsion := "Torsion is neglected" if Tu < 0.25 v Tcr
"Consider Torsion" otherwise
Check_Torsion = "Torsion is neglected"
