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67% found this document useful (3 votes)
720 views121 pagesPractical Navigation
Practical Navigation
Uploaded by
profaderomanaCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 121
PRACTICAL NAVIGATION
Sra e¥
13/26(06
NUTSHELL SERIES
BOOK 1
BY
SUBRAMANIAM
Principal,
LBS. Collegeof Advanced Maritime Studies & Research,
‘Munda
VIJAYA PUBLICATIONS
2 CHAITRA, $50 ELEVENTH ROAD,
(CHEMBUR, MUMBAI, 400 071 PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION
“The overheling response, in India and abroad, to the
“Nutshell Series’ of books, espevally this fst one ~ Practical
Navigation - has encouragod me wo keep thinking of various ways
by which improvements could be made with cach subssqunt
ction
In this edition, sufficient theory has been added to make
the student understand the subject of racial Navigation batter
than was posible with the previous editions
Working with the help of Nautical Tables has boon
retained but the ute of a simple, scenic, electronic ealulstor
tas bern ilutrated and encouraged throughout,
Since the subject of ‘Spherieal Trigonometry” has been
covered by ‘Nutshell Seis’ book number eight, the descriptions
Of steps in the chapters on Great Citele and Composite Cire
Saag havo ben suitably reduced
Bombay
Ist December 1995 1H. Subramsniam
1
2
3
4
3
7
®
9
10
n
2
a
rr
1s
CONTENTS
Recommended ers and abbreviations
Teresi references
Celestial references
Figure dawing|
Prsiminary calculations
Plane ad parallel sling
ise | ~ Plane & parallel sailing
‘Use of Traverse Tables
Exercise 2- Use of Traverse Tables
“Tho Mercator Char
Mereator sailing
serie 3~ MeteatorSaling
“orteton of aides theory
CConetion of altitudes - practical
Days work
Chronometer tine
Exercise 4 = Chronometer error
“Theory of astronomical position ines
SUN orked examples and excises
M1 = Meridian altitude
142 Azimuth
143- Amplitude
14,4 Lamgitde by chronometer
145 ere
146 -Ex-meriian
SSTARS - worked examples and exercises
15.1» Meridian altitude
152 Azimuth
153 = Longitude by chronometer
1544 Increet
133-Ex-meciian
156 Polaris 2
4
2s
PLANETS - wotked examples and exercises
6.1 -Merdan ale
162 ~ Azimut
163 -Langiude by chrovometr
164 Iterecpt
165 -Exmerdian
MOON - worked cxamples and exerises
17.1 Amplitude
172 Meridian altude
173 Asimuth
174 Longitude by chonometer
17 Tmorsopt
17.6- Exmersian
Grapes) combination of sights
‘A =. Sinultancous observations
B- Staggered observations
Corestion of simple erors insights
[Exercise 25 - Eros in sights
Computation of abides
Eerese 29 - altitude computation
Star identification
Exercise 30 star ieatifiation
Great Cece Sailing
Exercise 31 - great stele sling
Composite Circle Sailing
ercie 32~compeite circle sling
[Ati Above and below the pole
‘Stars suitable for observation
Exercne 33 suitable stars
Answers
‘Summary of formula: for us by cleultor
21
ry
126,
ps
re
136
139
140
Ma
M6
as
6s
vs
12
ie
137
188
[ABBREVIATIONS]
RECOMMENDED TERMS
AND ABBREVIATIONS
TERMS:
(4) Dead reckoning (or DR) poston is that obtained by allowing
for courses and distances ony
() Eximated position (or EP) is that obtained by allowing for
courses and distances and also for estimated leeway and
current, ian,
(@) Chosen position (or CP) is that position, nearst to the
jobsner, chosen #0 tha the latte san intepal degre and
{he longiode ie such that dhe local hour angle of the body at
the time ofthe observation is also an integral degre.
(Setanta that rad ofa sextant
(©) Observed alte is the sextant altitude eoracted fr index
cto, ifamy
ABBREVIATIONS
Latte rs Course ©
Cotati Coat Gyro G ‘Mean latte
Diff oft
Longitude
Diff of lone
Meridian
Meridian passage
Merion parts
Difference of MP
DR positon
Esiinated positon
Geogr postion
Sextan aide
(Observed abide
‘Apparent atts
“Tre alti
Tabulted atid
CCalaulted 2D
Tat terminal pint
(Chronometer
Local meantime
Greenwich meantime
Greenwich hour angle
Local hour angle
Sideeal hour angle
First Point of Aries
Paral in alt
Horizontal parallax
‘Avinath
Peston ine
Ample
‘Travers tables
Nautical almanac
‘Norther hemisphere
Souter hemisphere
ABBREVIATIONS}
a
c
bev
Vir
ce
bs
det
«
Ka
a
ma” | OF
*
Zant dsanes —_ 2D
fnc2D TZ
Ieee i
Zowime ZT
Fowamie HA
Desmond
Poarditaxee PD
Ratan horson RE
*
Loweriin = LL
Upperime UL
Sendamcer SD)
iinet
Retain
Hoighofee HE
CCoreion” —Corm
Mares =
ionctes ln
[1- TERRESTRIAL REFERENCES)
TERRESTRIAL
REFERENCES
(GEOGRAPHIC POLES
The two points where the axis af rotation outs the sure of the
arth az called the geographic poles ~ the upper one is calle the
"North ple andthe lower, the South Poe.
EQUATOR
“The equator ie a great circle which is equidistant from, and
therefore 90° away ftom, the goograpi poles. Tae equator
‘vids the cath info to hemispheres the None Hemisphere
aad the Southern Hemisphers
PARALLELS OF LATITUDE
Parallels of atime sre smal ices parallel to the equator.
MERIDIANS OF LONGITUDE
Metidians are great circles that pas through the gsogrephic
pols, Merians cost the equator and all parallels of laitude at
right angi (U- TERRESTRIAL REFERENCES)
[Pigure showing axis, pos, equator, paral flat, meridians}
AXIS OF ROTATION >]
PARALLEL
OF LATITUDE
MERIDIAN,
EQUATOR >|
LATITUDE
Latitude of a place is the are of a median, oF the angle atthe
centr of the earth, eared between the equator and the parallel
of latinde pasing through that place, Laude is expressd in
