Practice Questions for HR Schema in

Oracle Database 11g

The following is the structure of the tables provided by Oracle in Human Resource
Schema (HR).

Note: Columns in RED color indicate primary key(s).

Queries
1. Display details of jobs where the minimum salary is greater than 10000.

SELECT * FROM JOBS WHERE MIN_SALARY > 10000;

2. Display the first name and join date of the employees who joined between 2002
and 2005.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY') BETWEEN 2002 AND 2005 ORDER BY
HIRE_DATE;
3. Display first name and join date of the employees who is either IT Programmer or
Sales Man.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE

FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE JOB_ID IN ('IT_PROG', 'SA_MAN');

4. Display employees who joined after 1st January 2008.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES where hire_date > '01-jan-2008';

5. Display details of employee with ID 150 or 160.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID in (150,160);

6. Display first name, salary, commission pct, and hire date for employees with
salary less than 10000.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, COMMISSION_PCT, HIRE_DATE FROM

EMPLOYEES WHERE SALARY < 10000;

7. Display job Title, the difference between minimum and maximum salaries for
jobs with max salary in the range 10000 to 20000.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, MAX_SALARY-MIN_SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM JOBS

WHERE MAX_SALARY BETWEEN 10000 AND 20000;

8. Display first name, salary, and round the salary to thousands.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, ROUND(SALARY, -3) FROM EMPLOYEES;

9. Display details of jobs in the descending order of the title.

SELECT * FROM JOBS ORDER BY JOB_TITLE;

10. Display employees where the first name or last name starts with S.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME

LIKE 'S%' OR LAST_NAME LIKE 'S%';

11. Display employees who joined in the month of May.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'MON')= 'MAY';

12. Display details of the employees where commission percentage is null and salary
in the range 5000 to 10000 and department is 30.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NULL AND SALARY

BETWEEN 5000 AND 10000 AND DEPARTMENT_ID=30;
13. Display first name and date of first salary of the employees.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE, LAST_DAY(HIRE_DATE)+1 FROM

EMPLOYEES;

14. Display first name and experience of the employees.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE, FLOOR((SYSDATE-HIRE_DATE)/365)FROM

EMPLOYEES;

15. Display first name of employees who joined in 2001.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE

TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY')=2001;

16. Display first name and last name after converting the first letter of each name to
upper case and the rest to lower case.

SELECT INITCAP(FIRST_NAME), INITCAP(LAST_NAME) FROM EMPLOYEES;

17. Display the first word in job title.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, SUBSTR(JOB_TITLE,1, INSTR(JOB_TITLE, ' ')-1)

FROM JOBS;

18. Display the length of first name for employees where last name contain character
‘b’ after 3rd position.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE

INSTR(LAST_NAME,'B') > 3;

19. Display first name in upper case and email address in lower case for employees
where the first name and email address are same irrespective of the case.

SELECT UPPER(FIRST_NAME), LOWER(EMAIL) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE

UPPER(FIRST_NAME)= UPPER(EMAIL);

20. Display employees who joined in the current year.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE

TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY');

21. Display the number of days between system date and 1st January 2011.

SELECT SYSDATE - to_date('01-jan-2011') FROM DUAL;

22. Display how many employees joined in each month of the current year.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM'), COUNT (*) FROM EMPLOYEES

 WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')= TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY') GROUP BY
TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MM') ;

23. Display manager ID and number of employees managed by the manager.

SELECT MANAGER_ID, COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY MANAGER_ID;

24. Display employee ID and the date on which he ended his previous job.

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, MAX(END_DATE) FROM JOB_HISTORY GROUP BY

EMPLOYEE_ID;

25. Display number of employees joined after 15th of the month.

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'DD') >

15;

26. Display the country ID and number of cities we have in the country.

SELECT COUNTRY_ID, COUNT(*) FROM LOCATIONS GROUP BY COUNTRY_ID;

27. Display average salary of employees in each department who have commission
percentage.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID;

28. Display job ID, number of employees, sum of salary, and difference between
highest salary and lowest salary of the employees of the job.

SELECT JOB_ID, COUNT(*), SUM(SALARY), MAX(SALARY)-MIN(SALARY)

SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY JOB_ID;

29. Display job ID for jobs with average salary more than 10000.

SELECT JOB_ID, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES

GROUP BY JOB_ID
HAVING AVG(SALARY)>10000;

30. Display years in which more than 10 employees joined.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY') FROM EMPLOYEES

GROUP BY TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')
HAVING COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) > 10;

31. Display departments in which more than five employees have commission
percentage.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL
 GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING COUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)>5;

32. Display employee ID for employees who did more than one job in the past.

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY GROUP BY EMPLOYEE_ID HAVING

COUNT(*) > 1;

33. Display job ID of jobs that were done by more than 3 employees for more than
100 days.

SELECT JOB_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY

WHERE END_DATE-START_DATE > 100
GROUP BY JOB_ID
HAVING COUNT(*)>3;

34. Display department ID, year, and Number of employees joined.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY'),

COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID)
FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID, TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'YYYY')
ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID;

35. Display departments where any manager is managing more than 5 employees.

SELECT DISTINCT DEPARTMENT_ID

FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID, MANAGER_ID
HAVING COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) > 5;

36. Change salary of employee 115 to 8000 if the existing salary is less than 6000.

UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET SALARY = 8000 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 115 AND

SALARY < 6000;

37. Insert a new employee into employees with all the required details.

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME,

EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE,JOB_ID, SALARY, DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES (207, 'ANGELA', 'SNYDER','ANGELA','215 253 4737', SYSDATE,
'SA_MAN', 12000, 80);

38. Delete department 20.

DELETE FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID=20;

39. Change job ID of employee 110 to IT_PROG if the employee belongs to

department 10 and the existing job ID does not start with IT.

UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET JOB_ID= 'IT_PROG'

 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID=110 AND DEPARTMENT_ID=10 AND NOT JOB_ID LIKE
'IT%';

40. Insert a row into departments table with manager ID 120 and location ID in any
location ID for city Tokyo.

INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS (150,'SPORTS',120,1200);

41. Display department name and number of employees in the department.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN

DEPARTMENTS GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_NAME;

42. Display job title, employee ID, number of days between ending date and starting
date for all jobs in department 30 from job history.

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, JOB_TITLE, END_DATE-START_DATE DAYS

FROM JOB_HISTORY NATURAL JOIN JOBS
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID=30;

43. Display department name and manager first name.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN

EMPLOYEES E ON (D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID);

44. Display department name, manager name, and city.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME, CITY FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN

EMPLOYEES E ON (D.MANAGER_ID=E.EMPLOYEE_ID) JOIN LOCATIONS L
USING (LOCATION_ID);

45. Display country name, city, and department name.

SELECT COUNTRY_NAME, CITY, DEPARTMENT_NAME

FROM COUNTRIES JOIN LOCATIONS USING (COUNTRY_ID)
JOIN DEPARTMENTS USING (LOCATION_ID);

46. Display job title, department name, employee last name, starting date for all jobs
from 2000 to 2005.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, DEPARTMENT_NAME, LAST_NAME, START_DATE

FROM JOB_HISTORY JOIN JOBS USING (JOB_ID) JOIN DEPARTMENTS
USING (DEPARTMENT_ID) JOIN EMPLOYEES USING (EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERE TO_CHAR(START_DATE,'YYYY') BETWEEN 2000 AND 2005;

47. Display job title and average salary of employees

SELECT JOB_TITLE, AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES

NATURAL JOIN JOBS GROUP BY JOB_TITLE;
48. Display job title, employee name, and the difference between maximum salary for
the job and salary of the employee.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, FIRST_NAME, MAX_SALARY-SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM

EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN JOBS;

49. Display last name, job title of employees who have commission percentage and
belongs to department 30.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, FIRST_NAME, MAX_SALARY-SALARY DIFFERENCE FROM

EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN JOBS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 30;

50. Display details of jobs that were done by any employee who is currently drawing
more than 15000 of salary.

SELECT JH.*
FROM JOB_HISTORY JH JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON (JH.EMPLOYEE_ID =
E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERE SALARY > 15000;

51. Display department name, manager name, and salary of the manager for all
managers whose experience is more than 5 years.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, FIRST_NAME, SALARY

FROM DEPARTMENTS D JOIN EMPLOYEES E ON
(D.MANAGER_ID=E.MANAGER_ID)
WHERE (SYSDATE-HIRE_DATE) / 365 > 5 ;

52. Display employee name if the employee joined before his manager.

SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES E1 JOIN EMPLOYEES E2 ON

(E1.MANAGER_ID=E2.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERE E1.HIRE_DATE < E2.HIRE_DATE;

53. Display employee name, job title for the jobs employee did in the past where the
job was done less than six months.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_TITLE FROM EMPLOYEES E JOIN JOB_HISTORY

JH ON (JH.EMPLOYEE_ID = E.EMPLOYEE_ID) JOIN JOBS J ON( JH.JOB_ID
= J.JOB_ID)
WHERE MONTHS_BETWEEN(END_DATE,START_DATE) < 6 ;

54. Display employee name and country in which he is working.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, COUNTRY_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES JOIN DEPARTMENTS

USING(DEPARTMENT_ID)
JOIN LOCATIONS USING( LOCATION_ID)
JOIN COUNTRIES USING ( COUNTRY_ID);
55. Display department name, average salary and number of employees with
commission within the department.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_NAME, AVG(SALARY), COUNT(COMMISSION_PCT)

FROM DEPARTMENTS JOIN EMPLOYEES USING (DEPARTMENT_ID)
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_NAME;

56. Display the month in which more than 5 employees joined in any department
located in Sydney.

SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MON-YY')
FROM EMPLOYEES JOIN DEPARTMENTS USING (DEPARTMENT_ID) JOIN
LOCATIONS USING (LOCATION_ID)
WHERE CITY = 'Seattle'
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'MON-YY')
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;

57. Display details of departments in which the maximum salary is more than 10000.

SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN

( SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING MAX(SALARY)>10000);

58. Display details of departments managed by ‘Smith’.

SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE MANAGER_ID IN

(SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME='SMITH');

59. Display jobs into which employees joined in the current year.

SELECT * FROM JOBS WHERE JOB_ID IN

(SELECT JOB_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE
TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE,'YYYY')=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY'));

60. Display employees who did not do any job in the past.

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID NOT IN

(SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY);

61. Display job title and average salary for employees who did a job in the past.

SELECT JOB_TITLE, AVG(SALARY) FROM JOBS NATURAL JOIN EMPLOYEES

GROUP BY JOB_TITLE
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID IN
(SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY);

62. Display country name, city, and number of departments where department has
more than 5 employees.
 SELECT COUNTRY_NAME, CITY, COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID)
FROM COUNTRIES JOIN LOCATIONS USING (COUNTRY_ID) JOIN DEPARTMENTS
USING (LOCATION_ID)
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID)>5)
GROUP BY COUNTRY_NAME, CITY;

63. Display details of manager who manages more than 5 employees.

SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES

WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID IN
(SELECT MANAGER_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY MANAGER_ID
HAVING COUNT(*)>5);

64. Display employee name, job title, start date, and end date of past jobs of all
employees with commission percentage null.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_TITLE, START_DATE, END_DATE

FROM JOB_HISTORY JH JOIN JOBS J USING (JOB_ID) JOIN EMPLOYEES E
ON ( JH.EMPLOYEE_ID = E.EMPLOYEE_ID)
WHERE COMMISSION_PCT IS NULL;

65. Display the departments into which no employee joined in last two years.

SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS

WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID NOT IN
( SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FLOOR((SYSDATE-
HIRE_DATE)/365) < 2) ;

66. Display the details of departments in which the max salary is greater than 10000
for employees who did a job in the past.

SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENTS

WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID IN (SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY)
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING MAX(SALARY) >10000);

67. Display details of current job for employees who worked as IT Programmers in
the past.

SELECT * FROM JOBS

WHERE JOB_ID IN
(SELECT JOB_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID IN
(SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM JOB_HISTORY WHERE
JOB_ID='IT_PROG'));
68. Display the details of employees drawing the highest salary in the department.

SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,FIRST_NAME, SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES OUTER

WHERE SALARY =
(SELECT MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID =
OUTER.DEPARTMENT_ID);

69. Display the city of employee whose employee ID is 105.

SELECT CITY FROM LOCATIONS WHERE LOCATION_ID =

(SELECT LOCATION_ID FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID =
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE
EMPLOYEE_ID=105)
);

70. Display third highest salary of all employees

select salary
from employees main
where 2 = (select count( distinct salary )
from employees
where salary > main.salary);