(1) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 20.

6)
Saturated steam at atmospheric pressure condenses on the outside surface of a 1-m-long
tube with 150 mm diameter. The surface temperature is maintained at 91 . Evaluate the
condensation rate if the pipe is orientated

a. vertically;
b. horizontally.

Take latent heat of vaporization of steam at atmospheric pressure to be 2250 kJ/kg.

(2) WWWR 21.13

Water flowing at a rate of 4000 kg/h through a 16.5-mm-ID tube enters at 20 . The tube
outside diameter is 19 mm. Saturated atmospheric steam condenses on the outside of the
tube. For a horizontal brass tube 2 m long, evaluate

a. the convective coefficient on the water side;

b. the convective coefficient on the condensate side;
c. the exit water temperature;
d. the condensation rate.

*You may neglect the temperature drop across the tube wall. Suggested initial guess: Tw
= 58 , Ti(out) = 36 .

(3) WWWR 21.14

Saturated steam at atmospheric pressure flows at a rate of 0.042 kg/s/m between two
vertical surfaces maintained at 340 K that are separated by a distance of 1 cm. How tall
may this configuration be if the steam velocity is not to exceed 15 m/s?

(4) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 20.7)
Saturated steam at 365 K condenses on a 2-cm tube whose surface is maintained at 340
K. Determine the rate of condensation and the heat transfer coefficient for the case of a
1.5-m-long tube oriented

a. vertically;
b. horizontally.

(5) WWWR 21.19

If eight tubes of the size designated in Problem (4) are arranged in a vertical bank and the
flow is assumed laminar, determine

a. the average heat-transfer coefficient for the bank;

b. the heat-transfer coefficient for the first, third and eighth tubes.

(6) WWWR 22.3

An oil having specific heat of 1880 enters a singles pass counterflow heat
exchanger at a rate of 2 kg/s and a temperature of 400 K. It is to be cooled to 350 K.
Water is available to cool the oil at a rate of 2 kg/s and a temperature of 280 K.
Determine the surface area required if the overall heat transfer coefficient is 230
.

(7) WWWR 22.15

Determine the required heat-transfer surface area for a heat exchanger constructed from
10-cm OD tubes. A 95% ethanol solution (cp = 3.810 kJ/kg.K, flowing at 6.93 kg/s is
cooled from 340 K to 312 K by 6.30 kg/s of water that is available at 283 K. The overall
heat transfer coefficient based on outside tube area is 568 W/m2.K. Three different
exchanger configuration are of interest:

a. counterflow, single pass;

b. parallel flow, single pass;
c. crossflow with one tube pass.
 (1) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 20.6)

(a) Vertical Tube (Eq. 21.20)

1/ 4
  3 
  L gk (  L  V )  h fg  8 C L (Tsat  Tw )  
3

h  0.943   

 LT 
 
1/ 4
  3 
 961.2(9.81)(0.679) (960)  2.25  10  8 (4206)  (9)  
3 6

 0.943   
6 
 1(297 10 )(9) 
 
 6600W / m 2  K
6600(9)( )(0.15)(1)
m&  0.0125kg / s
2.25 106
(b) Horizontal Tube (Eq. 21-25)
1/ 4
 3  3 
  L g (  L  PV )k  h fg  8 C L (Tsat  Tw )  
 0.725   
havg 
  D(Tsat  TW ) 
 
 7700W / m 2  K
(2) Problem 21.13 (WWWR)
Neglecting T across tube
k
hi  0.023Re0.8
D Pr
0.4
 Eq.20  26
Di
14
 3 3 
  L g  k  h fg  8 c pL T  
ho  0.725   

  DT 
 
20  Tout
For hi, Tin  20c TW  ? Tb 
2
100  TW
For h0, properties evaluated at T f 
2
Toverall Ti T0
q  
 R Ri R0
Assuming Tout  36C  309 K
TW  58C  331K
Giving Tb,avg  28C  301K

D 4m 4  4000 
Rei   
 
 D   0.0165 863 106  3600  
 99000
Pr  5.95 k=0.611
hi 
0.611
0.023990000.8 5.950.4
0.0165
 17200W / m 2  K
1
 3  3  4

 971.8  9.81 971.8  0.673  2.25  10  8  4194  42   

6

h0  0.725   

  6

352 10  0.019  42  
 
 8960W 2
m K

1
Ri   5.61 10 4
17200 0.01652
1
R0   9.35  10 4
8690 0.0192
R  R i  R0  14.96  10 4
Ttotal  72K Ti  27K T0  45K
 27 45
q   48000W
Ri R0
 4000
q  mC p (Tout  Tin )   4180  (Tout  Tin )
3600
(Tout  Tin )  10.4 K
 Tout  303.4 K TbAVG  298K
Tw  328K =373- T0

*Not far away from original guess

hH 2 0  17200W 2 (a)
m K
hcondensate  8690W 2 (b)
m K
Tout  303.4K (c)
 48000
mcondensate   0.0213 kg (d)
2.25 10 6 s
 (3) Problem 21.14 (WWWR)
0.042
Flow rate =  0.0717m3 / s (per m)
0.586
0.0717
Allowable width =  0.00478m  0.478cm
(15)(1)
0.478  2  1cm    0.261cm
Film model (Eq. 21-18)
 
 4 k  Tx 
4   
3
  L g  (h fg  C L T ) 
 8 
3
4(0.392)(0.195  10 )(59) x

(59.5)(32.2)(59.5)(993.5)(3600)
 4  4.425  104 x
x  121,500 ft  37000m
(4) (Welty, Rorrer, Foster, 6th Edition International Student Version 20.7)

1
  L gk 3   L  V   h fg  0.68c pL Tsat  Tw    4
 0.943   
hvertical 
 L     Tsat  Tw  
1
 971.8  9.80665  0.6733   971.8  0.6288   2278 103  0.68(4194)(365  340)   4
 0.943  
 6 
 1.5  352  10  (365  340) 

 4464W / m 2  K
 hAT 4464*  *0.02*1.5* 25
m   4.628103 kg / s
h fg 2278*1000
hvertical 4464
horizontal  1
 1
 10105W / m 2 K
D 4
1.3(0.02 /1.5) 4
1.3  
L

 hAT
m  0.0105kg / s
h fg
 (5) Problem 21.19 (WWWR)
1/ 4
 3  3 
  L g (  L  V )h  h fg  8 CPL (Tsat  Tw )  
 0.725   
havg 
 nD (Tsat  Tw ) 
 
1/ 4
 3 3 
 971*9.81*(971  0.586)0.673  2250000  8  25  4.184   1/ 4

 0.725    1

 0.02  0.000352  25  n
 
1/ 4
1
 10000     ( A)
n
For bank
1/ 4
1
havg  10000     5945W / m2 k
8
For n tubes
q  havg ,n  n  Atube  T
 havg ,n 1 (n  1)  Atube  T  hn * Atube * T
i.e.hn nT  hn 1 (n  1) AT  hn AT
 nth tube
hn  nhn  (n  1)hn1
Top tube => h1  10000W / m2 K
3rd tube :
h2  8408.26W / m2 gK
h3  7598W / m2 K
h3  3  7598  2  8408.26  5976.6W / m2 K
8th tube:
h8  5946W / m 2 K
h7  6147.3W / m 2 K
h8  8  5946  7  6147.3  4532.7W / m 2 K
 (6) Problem 22.3 (WWWR)

Oil Tin = 400K Tout = 350K


m = 2 kg/s Cp = 1880 J/kg-K


q = m Cp  T = 2 (1880) (400-350) = 188000 W

q 188000
Tw    22.5 K

mCp 24187

Tw,in = 280K Tw,out = 302.5 K

400K 350K
U=230
302.5K 280K

97.5  70
Tlm 

ln 97.5
70

 83K

q 1888000
A   9.85 m2
UTlm 230(83)
 (7) Problem 22.15 (WWWR)

340K 312K
ETH
H20
311.1K 283K


m ETH = 6.93 kg/s


q = m Cp  T/ ETH = 6.93 (3810) (28)


= m Cp  T/w = 6.30 (4182)  Tw

 Tw = 28.1 K

(a) counterflow  TLM  29K

q 6.93(3810)(28)
A  44.9 m2
UTLM 568.29

(b) parallel flow

(57  0.9)
TLM   13.52K
ln(57 )
0.9

q
A  96.3 m2
UTLM

(c) crossflow


Cmixed = m Cpw = 26350 (water) shell


Cunmixed = m Cp = 26403 (ethanol) tube

Tt , out  Tt ,in 312  340

Y    0.491
Ts ,in  Tt ,in 283  340
 
(m C p )tube 26403
Z 
 1
(m C p ) shell 26350

F  0.85 q 44.9
A   52.8 m2
U ( FTLM ) 0.85