Competency Levels
Competency Levels
ISSN: 2395-3470
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Chavadi, Coimabtore
S. Bhuvaneswary
Chavadi, Coimbatore.
ABSTRACT
The current globalization of economy necessitates innovative approaches in managing the work force.
The fast changes happening in the demography and social systems thereof have given breathing space for
various HR practices enhancing the employee productivity and growth. And one of the most commonly used
HR practice is competency mapping for development of the employees. Identifying and development of the
competencies in organization enable better performance management as well as reward and recognition systems
leading to career and succession planning programs. Also competency mapping is a strategic HR frame work for
monitoring the performance.
The aim of this study is to find out the competency mapping of the organization and level of
competencies of employees in this organization. For the data collection, study used the questionnaire and
survey. In this study sample size was 30 employees in the organization. For the analysis of data used percentage
analysis, bar diagrams ,pie diagrams in this study. This study found out that majority of the employees have
competency skills.
Key words: Competency, Competency mapping, Competency profiling ,competency map
Introduction
In the modern complex world, which is characterized by scarcity of resources, it has become first and
foremost object of every businessperson to use the available resources efficiently and in best way. The
different resources include Manpower, Material Machinery and Money to maximize returns and minimize
wastage all these resources must be properly synchronized. Man power, both technical and managerial,is the
mostimportant resource of organization. No other factor can be utilized efficiently without manpower. Thus, its
mismatch with any of the factor will give rise to wastage of time, money and efforts, leading to loss of
efficiency. Thus, it’s very necessary to use this resource effectively. However, the most important resource is
also the most difficult to manage. The reason for this difficulty is that no two persons are similar. Each person is
been endowed with differentqualities, skills, attitudes, motives, knowledge etc… Moreover, these factors have
animperative impact on their performance. Thus, concisely one can conclude and come to a point that select on
and recruitment of employees forms one of the crucial functions of an Organization.
Human Resource Management performs the function of Recruitment, select on, training, development
and remuneration. In addition, among these recruitment and select on functions seems to be the most difficult
one as they deal with selection and appointment of employees. It’s the efficiency of HRM in performing these
two functions, which leads to overall efficiency in an organization. Thus, it is necessary to recruit the
individual who is required by the organization. In other words, theindividual who is best suited to do the job
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must be selected. It will be wastage of resources if a person who does not suit the job and cannot do the job
efficiently is been selected.
Some scholars see "competence" as a combination of practical and theoretical knowledge, cognitive
skills, behaviour and values used to improve performance; or as the state or quality of being adequately or well
qualified, having the ability to perform a specific role. For instance, life, management competency might include
systems thinking and emotional intelligence, and skills in influence and negotiation. Competency is also used as
a more general description of the requirements of human beings in organizations and communities.
Competency is sometimes thought of as being shown in action in a situation and context that might be
different the next time a person has to act. In emergencies, competent people may react to a situation following
behaviors they have previously found to succeed. To be competent a person would need to be able to interpret
the situation in the context and to have a repertoire of possible actions to take and have trained in the possible
actions in the repertoire, if this is relevant. Regardless of training, competency would grow through experience
and the extent of an individual to learn and adapt.
Competency mapping a process of identification of the competencies required to perform successfully
a given job or role or a set of tasks at a given point of time. It consists of breaking a given role or job into its
constituent tasks or activities and identifying the competencies (technical, managerial, behavioral, conceptual
knowledge and attitude and skills, etc..) needed to perform the same successfully.
Competency mapping analyzes individual‘s “SWOT“(Strengths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities
&Threats) for better understanding and this helps to improve his career growth. This identifies the gap for
improving knowledge to develop. Companies are vastly shifting their approach of having multi-skilled
employees with knowledge of only one skill. The Competency models thus not only help the organizations in
providing a ―Blue print for the entire gamut of behaviour that produce excellent performance but can also
provide an important and useful tool to guide individual development.
A competency mapping model is an organizing framework that lists the competencies required for
effective performance in a specific job, job family (Eg. group of related jobs), organization, function, or
process.Individual competencies are organized into competency models to enable people in an organization or
profession to understand, discuss, and apply the competencies to workforce performance.
Competency Mapping is a process of identifies key competencies for an organization and/or a job and
incorporating those competencies throughout the various processes (i.e. job evaluation, training, recruitment) of
the organization.It has been a general observation that hard work, sincerity, knowledge, intelligence alone does
not make a person a star performer in his/her profession. There are other factors that help an individual excel in
his job. Good managers are generally aware about different qualities a person must possess to do a job
effectively, and they make use of their knowledge to select and train their subordinates. Organizational
psychologists have refined this understanding and converted it into a structural and formal process called
Competency Mapping. It has emerged as one of the most powerful tools aiding the improvement for the HR
professionals in finding the right employee for a job and development of the employed person in doing the
assigned job effectively.
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Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It deals with the
objective of research study in the method of defining the research problem, the type of data collected, method
used for data collection and analyzing the data etc. The methodology includes collection of primary data.
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Sources of Data
The study is conducted on the basis of primary data collected from Hero Best Motors Malappuram.
Secondary datais also a part of study. The primary data were collected from employees of Best Motors
Malappuram. Direct personal questionnaire method and interview was adopted to collect information from the
employees.
Two sources of data’s are mainly used for the study. They are
Primary data
Secondary data
•
Primary data: This data is gathered from firsthand information sources and it includes data’s
from employees, clerks etc. by administrating the questionnaire having face to face interaction
with employees we also collect primary data by interviewing mangers.
• Secondary data : This data are those data which have already been collected, tabulated and
presenting in some forms by someone else for some other purpose .In this study internet,
journals, magazines, etc. were used for collecting data.
Sampling Method
Sample Size
The sample size is 30, which include only the employees in the organization.
Interview
LIMITATIONS
1) Employees are busy in their work and so they are not sincerely co-operate for data collection.
2) The survey is limited only in Malappuram area.
3) Data provided by the respondent need not always true as their perception can change based on new
experience some people also will not say what they really want.
INDUSTRY PROFILE
Hero Motocorp Ltd formerly hero Honda is an Indian motorcycle and scooter manufacturer in New
Delhi, India.the company is the largest two wheeler manufacturer in the world. In India, it has a market share of
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about 46% share in two-wheeler category. The 2006 Forbes 200 most respected companies list has Hero Honda
motors ranked at #108. On March 2013, the market capitalization of the company was INR 308 billion (USD
5.66 billion)
Hero Honda started in 1984 as a joint venture between Hero Cycles of India and Honda of Japan. In
2010, when Honda decided to move out of the joint venture, Hero Group bought the shares held by Honda.
Subsequently, in August 2011 the company was renamed Hero MotoCorp with a new corporate identity. In
June 2012, Hero Motocorp approved a proposal to merge the investment arm of its parent Hero Investment Pvt.
Ltd. into the automaker. The decision comes after 18 months of its split from Honda Motors.
HISTORY
"Hero" is the brand name used by the Munjal brothers for their flagship company, Hero Cycles Ltd. A
joint venture between the Hero Group and Honda Motor Company was established in 1984 as the Hero Honda
Motors Limited at Dharuhera, India. Munjal family and Honda group both owned 26% stake in the Company.
During the 1980s, the company introduced motorcycles that were popular in India for their fuel
economy and low cost. A popular advertising campaign based on the slogan 'Fill it – Shut it – Forget it' that
emphasized the motorcycle's fuel efficiency helped the company grow at a double-digit pace since inception. In
2001, the company became the largest two-wheeler manufacturing company in India and globally. It maintains
global industry leadership till date. The technology in the bikes of Hero Motocorp (earlier Hero Honda) for
almost 26 years (1984–2010) has come from the Japanese counterpart Honda.
• 1956—Formationof Hero Cycles in Ludhiana(majestic auto limited)
• 1975—Hero Cycles becomes largest bicycle manufacturer in India.
• 1983—Joint Collaboration Agreement with Honda Motor Co. Ltd. Japan
signed Shareholders Agreement signed
• 1984—Hero Honda Motors Ltd. incorporated
• 1985—Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 launched.
• 1989—Hero Honda motorcycle Sleek launched.
• 1991—Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 SS launched.
• 1994 – Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor launched.
• 1997—Hero Honda motorcycle Street launched.
• 1999 – Hero Honda motorcycle CBZ launched.
• 2001 – Hero Honda motorcycle Passion and Hero Honda Joy launched.
• 2002—Hero Honda motorcycle Dawn and Hero Honda motorcycle
Ambition launched.
• 2003—Hero Honda motorcycle CD Dawn, Hero Honda motorcycle
Splendor plus, Hero Honda motorcycle Passion Plus and Hero Honda
motorcycle Karizma launched.
• 2004—Hero Honda motorcycle Ambition 135 and Hero Honda motorcycle
CBZ Star launched.
• 2005—Hero MotocorpSuperSplendor, Hero Honda motorcycle CD Deluxe,
Hero Honda motorcycle Glamour, Hero Honda motorcycle Achiever and
Hero Honda Scooter Pleasure.
• 2007—New Models of Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor NXG, New
Models of Hero Honda motorcycle CD Deluxe, New Models of Hero
Honda motorcycle Passion Plus and Hero Honda motorcycle
Hunk launched.
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COMPANY PROFILE
The BEST motors was established 5th February 2005, the company situated in Kajhatower, machingal
bypass road, near Munduparamba, in malappuram district. The company inaugurated by Mr. PK Kunjalikutty
MLA the first sale by Mr. RavindranPuthalath (joint RTO Malappuram)
The company will assist the customers from the firms of choosing vehicle model, color finding the best
finance option that suits them. They will constantly keep the customer update about their vehicle status until the
delivery of vehicle is done. In case of serving of vehicle the company is at their service, with option of
collecting vehicle from the doorstep and once the works over deliver it back to the customer.
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COMPETENCY MAPPING
It is a process of identification of the competencies required to perform successfully a given job or role
or a set of tasks at a given point of time. It consists of breaking a given role or job into its constituent tasks or
activities and identifying the competencies (technical, managerial, behavioral, conceptual knowledge and
attitude and skills, etc.) needed to perform the same successfully.
• Competency Map. A competency map is a list of an individual’s competencies that represent the
factors most critical to success in given jobs, departments, organizations, or industries that are part of
the individual’s current career plan.
• Competency Mapping. Competency mapping is a process an individual uses to identify and describe
competencies that are the most critical to success in a work situation or work role
• Competency profiling.It is the process of identifying the knowledge, skills, abilities, attitudes, and
judgment required for effective performance in a particular occupation or profession. Competency
profiling is business/company specific.
2) Identify the location of the roles in the organizational structure. This needs the clarity of organizational
structure, defining the role relationships (reporting authority, subordinates, peers etc.).
3) Identify the objectives of the function or the department or the unit or section where the role is located.
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4) Identify the objectives of the role. Why does the role exist? What are the main purposes of the role?
5) Collect the Key Performance Areas (or KRAs, Tasks, etc.) of the role holder for the last two to three years
from the performance appraisal records. Alternately, collect the job descriptions of any of the role to make a list
of all tasks and activities to be performed by than role holder
6) Interview the role holder to list the Tasks and activities expected to be performed by the Individual. Group
them into a set of tasks. The tasks list may be as many as 15 to 20 for some roles and as Competency
mappingfew as five to six for other roles. There is no rigid rule about the number of tasks. It depends on how
complex the role is. It is useful to start with as many tasks as possible.
7) Interview the role holder to list the actual knowledge, attitude, skills, and other competencies required for
performing the task effectively. The role holder should be asked questions like: “If you are to recruit someone to
perform this task what qualities or competencies would you look for in him/her? What competencies do you
think are required to perform this well?
9) consolidate the list of competencies from all the role holders’ by each task.
10) Edit and finalize. Present it to the supervisors of the role holder and the role holder for approval and
finalization.
In the beginning of the 20th century, work brought complex skills to the job. Typical Business process
required specific competencies for the task at hand. These competencies could be acquired only through years of
on-the-job learning and practice.
Then came the era of scientific management where Frederic Taylor’s and Henry Ford’s use of
assembly line shifted competencies from workers to time and motion study. Complexity was minimized and
efficiency was maximized. Process expertise left little scope for training.
World War II (mid-century) enforced management centric views where officers gave orders to
subordinates who obeyed without questions. Thus people in command were assumed to have information,
perspective and ability to make decisions. After the war they still lived under a command and control hierarchy.
In the post war decade the demand was unparalleled and competition was little. The turnaround came
when in the early 1960’s when McClelland wrote a landmark article in the American Psychologist asserting that
IQ and personality tests that were then in common use were predictors of competency. He felt that companies
should hire people based upon competencies rather test scores.
In the year 1973 McClelland developed new methods to predict human performance for US
Information Agency. Objective was to eliminate the potential biases of traditional intelligence and aptitude
testing. This was the beginning of the field of competence measurement. McClelland began by asking the
USIA’s personnel director and some top managers for the name of their most outstanding employees. He also
asked for the names of people whose jobs were secure but who were in no way outstanding.
McClelland and his associates asked the 2 groups to describe 3 incidents where they felt that they have
performed outstandingly and where they have messed up.
Many skills that the panel of experts had identified as crucial to job performance turned out to be
irrelevant to the everyday duties of the people interviewed by McClelland.
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The turning point for competency movement – Article published in American Psychologist in 1973 by
McClelland. Article presented data supporting that traditional achievement and intelligence score may not be
able to predict job success. Need of the hour was to profile the exact competencies required to perform the given
job effectively. Equally noteworthy is the pioneering work by Douglas Brey and his associates at AT&T which
gave evidence that the competencies can be assessed through assessment centers and on the job success can be
predicted to certain extent.
Behaviour Event Interviewing (BEI) was developed by McBer to map the competencies. Increased
recognition of the limitations of performance appraisal in predicting future performance shifted focus to
potential appraisal and assessment centers in seventies. Assessment centers were an integral part of the HRD
plan given to L&T in 1975.
DEFINITION
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INTERPRETATION
Out of 30 employees, 100% of employees are ready to alter their behaviour and view point to the
situation.
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INTERPRETATION
The above graph shows that out of 30 employees 27% are strongly agreed, 70% are agreed, 3% are
disagreed with the provided service to a client or stake holder beyond their expectations.
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INTERPRETATION
Out of 30 employees, 97% employees favorably react towards client needs and 3% of employees are
unfavourablyreact towards client needs.
80
70 67
60
50
40 33
Percentage
30
20
INTERPRETATION
10 The graph shows that out of total employees 67% are act as an advocate to solve client issue and 33%
0
employees not act as an advocate.
Yes No
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INTERPRETATION
The graph indicate that out of 30 employees ,17%employees are strongly agreed , 60% employees are
agreed,23% employees are disagreedregarding alteration towards others words.
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INTERPRETATION
Out of 22 employees, 41% employees are selected flexibility, 36% employees selected accuracy,14% employees
are selectedResponsiveness, 5% employees are optedValidity,4% employees are optedAll of the above.
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INTERPRETATION
Graph reveals that 43%employees identify the real causes of the problem and 57% are not identifying
the real causes of the problem.
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INTERPRETATION
The above graph shows that 100% employees are made any thing to improve performance.
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INTERPRETATION
Out of 30 employees 93% employees are successful team member and 7% employees are not
successful team member.
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INTERPRETATION
Out of 30 employees, 60% employees are “sometimes”provide feedback about performance,
30%employees are “always”provide feedback about performance and 10% employees are “never” provide
feedback about performance
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INTERPRETATION
77% employees are done new and different things for their organization and 23% employees are done
nothing to their organization.
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INTERPRETATION
The diagram show that out of 30 employees 83% employees are sometimes influences others on an
issue 14%employees are always influence other and 3 %employees are never influence individuals or group on
an important issue in the organization.
FINDINGS
100% employees are ready to alter their behaviour and view point to the situation.
27% employees are strong agree, 70% are agree, 3% are disagree with provide services to a client.
97% employees are favorable with reaction towards clients needs.
67% employees are act as an advocate to solve client issues.
60% employees are agreed, 17% employees are strong agreed, 23% employees are disagreed
alteration towards others sayings.
41% employees are selected flexible, 36% employees are selected accuracy, 14% employees are
selected responsiveness, 5% employees are opted validity, 4% employees are opted all of the above.
57% employees are not identifying the real cause of problem.
100% employees are ready to improve their performance in any way.
60% employees are “sometimes” provide feedback about performance, 30% employees are
“always” provide feedback about performance and 10% employees are “never” provide feedback
about performance.
57% employees are always ready to recognize their team members, 43% are sometimes ready to
recognize their team members.
77% employees are done new and different things for their organization.
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83% employees are sometimes influences others on an issue, 14% employees are always influence
other and 3% employees are never influence individuals or group on an important issue in the
organization.
SUGGESTIONS
To improve the problem solving skill of employees, company should adopt various strategies.
Improve employee’s judgment capacity.
Expert training should be provided to employees.
Company should promote employee innovating skill.
Reduces stress in organization through entertainment programs.
Company should provide coaching session to increase employee’s competencies.
Company should provide learning seminars and e-learning programs to improve employee’s
knowledge.
To improve competencies of employee’s performance based bonuses should be given.
If possible company can introduce job shadowing in the organization.
CONCLUSION
Competency Mapping is definitely a new era in the field of HR. It promises economical use of the
most important resource, Human Capital by ensuring the best suitable job to the person. It also ensures
individuals growth and development. An individual can map his or her competencies and find the job which
suits him the most.
In a nutshell it can be concluded that Competency Mapping helps organizations not only in Selecting
Round pegs for round holes but also makes smaller round into larger one. In simple words it not only ensures
the best person is recruited and placed in the best job suitable to the person, but also through training and
appraisal It makes the less competent person into more proficient.
We know that the employees are most important and unavoidable factor in any organization and
therefore the study on competency mapping is more relevant today. In addition to this, automobile industry is
more competitive today that is why we conducted study on competency mapping of Best Motors. This study
reveals that the employees in the organization are competitive, even though company should adopt strategies
and measures for improving their performance and to compete with the present competitive environment.
Refernce
Haines, V.Y, Saba, T & Choquette, E. (2008).Intrinsic motivation for an international assignment. International
Journal of Manpower, 29,443-461
Ries, D., & Pena, L. (2001). Reengineering the motivation to work. Management Decision, 39(8), 666-675
Gignac, G.E., & Palmer,B.R.(2011). The Genos employee motivation assessment. Industrial and Commercial
Training, 43(2), 79-87
Densten, I.L. (2002) . Clarifying inspirational motivation and its relationship to extra effort.
Websites:
www.google.com
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