Electronics is the branch of science that deals with the study of flow and control of electrons

(electricity) and the study of their behavior and effects in vacuums, gases, and semiconductors,
and with devices using such electrons. This control of electrons is accomplished by devices that
resist, carry, select, steer, switch, store, manipulate, and exploit the electron.

History of electronics dates back to 600 BC.

Let us now have a look at the timeline of discoveries and inventions in the field of electronics
and electrical engineering way back in 600 BC.

History of Electronics Timeline

600 BC – Thales of Miletus discovered static electricity by rubbing fur on amber.

1600 – William Gilbert coined the word electricus that was later termed as Electricity by
Benjamin Franklin in 1752.

1720 – Stephen Gray discovered insulator and

conductor .

1745 – Ewald Georg von Kleist and Pieter van Musschenbroek invented Leyden jars.

1752 – Benjamin Franklin discovered that lightning is electrical by flying a kite, and explained
how Leyden jars work.

1783 – Charles Augustin de Coulomb formulated Coulomb’s law.

1800 – Alessandro Volta invented battery (Dry Cell).

1820 – Hans Christian Orsted discovered magnetic field.

1820 – André Marie Ampère published his law of electrodynamics called Ampère’s law.

1825 – William Sturgeon developed the first electromagnet.

1826 – Georg Ohm introduced Ohm’s Law .

1827 – Georg Ohm introduced the concept of electrical resistance.

1827, (July 1)- First Camera

On a summer day in 1827, Joseph Nicephore Niepce

made the first photographic image with a camera
obscura. Prior to Niepce people just used the camera
obscura for viewing or drawing purposes not for
making photographs. Joseph Nicephore Niepce's
heliographs or sun prints as they were called were the
prototype for the modern photograph, by letting light
draw the picture.

1831 – Michael Faraday published the law of induction.

1931 – Michael Faraday invented transformer.

1831 – Joseph Henry developed a prototype DC motor.

1835, (January 1)- First Electronic Vehicle

Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain),

Robert Anderson of Scotland invented the first crude
electric carriage.

1836 – Nicholas Callan invented transformer.

1844 – Samuel Morse developed telegraphy and the Morse code.

1856 – Charles Bourseul proposed telephony.

1859, (September 20)- First Electric Stove

On September 20, 1859, George B. Simpson. is awarded

US patent #25532 for an 'electro-heater' surface heated
by an platinum-wire coil powered by batteries;[1] in his
words, useful to "warm rooms, boil water, cook
victuals..."] ... essentially an electric hotplate.

1862 – James Clerk Maxwell published four equations bearing his name “Maxwell’s equations”.

1867, (January 1)- First Projector

The first machine patented in the United States that

showed animated pictures or movies was a device
called the "wheel of life" or "zoopraxiscope". Patented
in 1867 by William Lincoln, moving drawings or
photographs were watched through a slit in the
zoopraxiscope.

1876 – Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone.

1877 – Thomas Alva Edison invented phonograph.

1878 – Joseph Swan invented Incandescent light bulb.

1879 – Thomas Alva Edison introduced a long lasting filament for incandescent lamp.

1888 – Heinrich Hertz proved that electro magnetic waves travel over some distance.

1890 – Thomas Alva Edison invented fuse.

1897 – Karl Ferdinand Braun invented cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).

1901 – Guglielmo Marconi made first transatlantic radio broadcast.

1904 – John Ambrose Fleming invented diode .

1906 – Lee de Forest invented triode.

1912 – Edwin Howard Armstrong developed Electronic oscillator.

1928 – First experimental Television broadcast in the US.

1929 – First public TV broadcast in Germany.

1941 – Konrad Zuse developed the first programmable computer.

1943 – Eisler invented the Printed Circuit Board.

1944 – John Logie Baird developed the first color picture tube.

1958 – Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit (IC).

1960 – Theodore Harold Maiman invented the Laser.

1962 – Nick Holonyak Jr. invented the LED .

1962 – Hofstein, Heiman, and RCA invented MOSFET Transistors.

1964 – Kemeny and Kurtz introduced the BASIC programming language.

1970 – INTEL introduced the first Microprocessor.

1973 – John F. Mitchell and Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola invented the first mobile phone.

1876, (March 10)- First Telephone

Bell's experiments with his assistant Thomas Watson,

on the telephone, finally proved successful on March
10, 1876, when the first complete sentence was
transmitted: "Watson, come here; I want you.".
1879- Light Bulb Invented

The electric light, one of the everyday conveniences

that most affects our lives, was invented by Thomas
Alva Edison.

1895, (January 18)- First Radio

Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian inventor, proved the

feasibility of radio communication. He sent and
received his first radio signal in Italy in 1895. By 1899
he flashed the first wireless signal across the English
Channel and two years later received the letter "S",
telegraphed from England to Newfoundland. This was
the first successful transatlantic radiotelegraph
message in 1902.

1896- Wireless Telegraph Developed

Guglielmo Marconi pioneered the development of the

wireless telegraph.
1918- Super-Heterodyne Receiver Was Invented

Edwin Armstrong invented the "super-heterodyne

receiver" that could select among radio signals or stations
and could receive distant signals.

1927- Invention of the Televison

In 1921 the 14-year-old Mormon had an idea while

working on his father's Idaho farm. Mowing hay in rows,
Philo realized an electron beam could scan a picture in
horizontal lines, reproducing the image almost
instantaneously. This would prove to be a critical
breakthrough in Philo Farnsworth's invention of the
television in 1927.

1930- First Electric Guitar

The "frying pan" was the first electric guitar ever

produced. The instrument was created in 1930 by
Adolph Rickenbacker, and subsequently manufactured
by Rickenbacker Electro
1936, (November 16)- First Programmable Computer

Konrad Zuse invented the Z1 Computer, the first freely

programmable computer.

1956- First VCR or VTR

Before the days of VCRs (Video cassette recorders), there

were machines called VTRs (Video tape recorders).The
VTRs -- video tape recorders -- were similar to reel-to-
reel audio tapes, with large spools of multi-track
magnetic tapes. Prototype machines were built in the
early 1950s. The first practical, commercial broadcast
quality video recorder was released by Ampex in 1956.

1960, (May 16)- First Laser

Theodore Maiman made the first laser operate on 16 May

1960 at the Hughes Research Laboratory in California, by
shining a high-power flash lamp on a ruby rod with silver-
coated surfaces.
1972, (May 24)- First Gaming Console

The Magnavox Odyssey is the world's first home video

game console. It was first demonstrated on May 24,
1972 and released in August of that year, predating the
Atari Pong home consoles by three years.

1973, (April 1)- First Cell Phone

Dr Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the

systems division at Motorola, is considered the inventor
of the first portable handset and the first person to make
a call on a portable cell phone in April 1973. The phone
was nick -named "The Brick".

1981- First Portable Laptop

As 8-bit CPU machines became widely accepted, the

number of portables increased rapidly. The Osborne 1,
released in 1981, used the Zilog Z80 and weighed 23.6
pounds (10.7 kg). It had no battery, a 5 in (13 cm) CRT
screen, and dual 5.25 in (13.3 cm) single-density floppy
drives. In the same year the first laptop-sized portable
computer, the Epson HX-20, was announced.[9] The
Epson had a LCD screen, a rechargeable battery, and a
calculator-size printer in a 1.6 kg (3.5 lb) chassis.
1982, (October 1)- First CD Player

On October 1, 1982 Sony introduced the CDP-101, the

first Compact Disc audio CD player on the market at a
retail price of about $900.

1989- Invention of the World Wide Web

The Internet and Transmission Control Protocols were

initially developed in 1973 by American computer
scientist Vinton Cerf as part of a project sponsored by
the United States Department of Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA) and directed by
American engineer Robert Kahn. The World Wide Web
was developed in 1989 by English computer scientist
Timothy Berners-Lee for the European Organization
for Nuclear Research (CERN).

1998, (March 1)- First MP3

The world's first mass-produced hardware MP3

player was Saehan's MPMan, sold in Asia starting in
the late spring of 1998. It was released in the United
States as the Eiger Labs MPMan F10/F20 (two
variants of the same device) in the summer of 1998,
a few months before the Rio.
2007 – Apple introduced the first iPhone
.

2008 – OLED Televisions.

2010 – Tablets

2014 – Wearable Tech

TRENDS, NETWORKS, AND
CRITICAL THINKING IN THE
21ST CENTURY

"TIMELINE IN THE HISTORY OF

ELECTRONICS"

Submitted by:
John Kenneth D. Arellon

Submitted to:
 Mrs. Gloria T. Malapira
Brief History of Smartphones
2007

January - Steve Jobs of Apple introduces the iPhone which he refers to as a

"revolutionary and magical product."

April - Gartner, a technology research company, shares that Microsoft's Windows

Mobile, in the first three months of the year, has an eighteen percent share of the
smartphone market.

November - Google announces that they will offer the Android operating system for free
and anyone will be able to use or change it.

2008

October - Apple announces sales of iPhones for their summer quarter, stating that they
have sold 4.7 million devices, giving Apple almost thirteen percent of the smartphone
market.

November - The G1, the first Android phone is launched. It features a sliding keyboard
and limited touchscreen capabilities.

December - Microsoft stops Windows Mobile after realizing they cannot compete with
the Android and iPhone. They then develop the Windows Phone.

2010

January - Apple launches their first edition of the iPad which is a ten inch tablet.

February - Android phones begin to appear that feature the same full touchscreen
interaction as the iPhone.

April - It is announced that Google's Android has gained slightly less than ten percent of
the smartphone market in the first three months of the year.

September - Another tablet, the Samsung Galaxy is introduced. It is slightly smaller than
the iPad, at seven inches.

October - Microsoft introduces their first phones running on the Windows Phone
operating system. Sales are initially very low.
2011

January - It is announced that research has shown that smartphones actually outsold
personal computers in the last three months of 2010.

April - Apple takes the lead, becoming the largest smartphone vendor, and Android
becomes the highest selling smartphone platform.

June - Nokia and Apple settle a multiple year dispute by signing a patent licensing
agreement, and Microsoft starts demanding payments from Android phone makers, with
the claim of patent infringements.

July - Android takes over forty three percent of the smartphone market in the year's
second quarter.

October -According to estimates, Samsung is the largest smartphone vendor at this time.

November - Android takes over fifty percent of the smartphone market in the year's
third quarter.

From 2011 to current times, smartphone technology has become even more advanced
and technology continues to improve at a rapid pace. Smartphones have more features
than ever before including touchscreen capabilities, GPS, cameras, and much more.