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PROGRESSION OF WEB 3.0(SEMANTIC WEB) FROM WEB 1.0: A SURVEY
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National Conference on Microelectronics and Communication, April 8-9, 2009
PROGRESSION OF WEB 3.0(SEMANTIC WEB) FROM WEB 1.0: A SURVEY
1
Sindhu Menon, 2R.H.Goudar, 3Karuna G Gull, 4Srinivasa Rao, 5Padmashri Desai
1
sindhu33in@gmail.com
Abstract
The revolution of Internet took place in the late eighties. The web has also substantially grown over the
years. Internet, also known initially as Web 1.0 or the first version of web was a place where there were few
people to display information. Later came Web 2.0 where there were more producers of information. Now we are
in Web 3.0 or Semantic Web, where people are trying to make an intelligent system which can search and retrieve
information from the web efficiently and effectively, thereby realizing its full potential. In this paper, we have
presented the journey of Web 3.0 from Web 1.0.
Keywords: Grid Environment, Metadata, Ontologies, Semantic Web, Software Agents
I. Introduction to Web
Web was founded in the year 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee [5]. World Wide Web was also known as Web
1.0. This was the first version of web. In Web 1.0 we have very little information displayed because all links and
pages are treated in the same manner. It consisted of static pages. Once information on a particular page is over,
the users must get connected to external links to view further information. NanfangDaily is a paper which still
works on the Web 1.0 concept. Web 1.0 was a place where people could publish all their information for others to
view. It can be thought of as a library where people can acquire knowledge but cannot contribute anything in
changing it. But this concept will go on because as the data becomes available, it must be available online. When
this web was invented there was no interaction from the user end .There was a need for the users to interact and
post their views which was not met with Web 1.0.
II. The move from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0
Web 2.0 came into picture to overcome the disadvantage with Web 1.0. Web 2.0 believes in intra links.
Here users are asked to log in and then they are taken from one page to the other via these intra links. This is done
so that the enduser can send his/her review about the page or receive information .Web 2.0 helps the user to do a
number of things, for eg. write blogs, post pictures or videos , get connected to communities and a lot more. Here
each page is separated. Wikipedia is an example of Web 2.0. When the user searches for a word , it displays the
links related to the word if page you will this word is found. Each page contains a number of hyperlinks. As a
result it takes you from one page to the other. Hence the user spends more time with Web 2.0 than with Web
1.0.In Web 2.0 there is varying content being displayed unlike in Web 1.0.Web 2.0 was a place which could
integrate people such that they can share their information and make it a rich experience. Web 2.0 offers a number
of tools and functions.
The term ‘Web 2.0’ was officially determined in 2004 by Dale Dougherty, a vice-president of O’Reilly
Media Inc. [2](the company famous for its technology-related conferences and high quality books) during a team
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University
National Conference on Microelectronics and Communication, April 8-9, 2009
discussion on a potential future conference about the Web (O’Reilly, 2005a). “Web 2.0” is a term that is used to
denote several different concepts: Web sites which incorporate a strong social component, involving user profiles,
friend links; Web sites which encourage user-generated content in the form of text, video or just Web sites that
have gained popularity in recent years. [5]
Some of the important site features that mark out a Web2 site include the following: [1]
• Users as first class entities in the system, with prominent profile pages, including such features as: age,
sex, location, testimonials, or comments about the user by other users.
• The ability to form connections between users, via links to other users who are “friends”, membership in
“groups” of various kinds, and subscriptions or RSS feeds of “updates” from other users
• The ability to post content in many forms: photos, videos, blogs, comments and ratings on other users’
content, tagging of own or others’ content, and some ability to control privacy and sharing.
In brief, the characteristics of Web 2.0 include
• Linking people to other users using Web pages. Orkut is a very good example of this where users get
connected to one another and keep in touch.
• Sharing content in fast and efficient way. 4shared is a good example of this where people can upload and
share information efficiently.
• Allowing visitors to make changes to Web pages: Amazon allows visitors to post product reviews.
Using an online form, a visitor can add information to Amazon's pages that future visitors will be able
to read.
In a seminar on topic [8], Tim offered a useful diagram to illustrate some of the related ideas.
Fig. 1 - Tim O'Reilly's Web 2.0 'meme map'
“Web 1.0 was all about connecting people. It was an interactive space, and Web2.0 is a piece of jargon, nobody
even knows what it means. If Web 2.0 for you is blogs and wikis, then that is people to people. But that was what
the Web was supposed to be all along. And in fact, you know, this 'Web 2.0', it means using the standards which
have been produced by all these people working on Web 1.0” [10]
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University
National Conference on Microelectronics and Communication, April 8-9, 2009
III. Differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0
A brief listing of the differences between the two Webs’s are as follows:
• Web 2.0 has more number of interfaces; in Web 2.0, information is more global
• Web 1.0 was about home pages whereas Web 2.0 was about blogs and videos
• Web 1.0 was about services sold over Web like Netscape ; Web 2.0 was about Web services like Google.
• Web 1.0 was having more consumers; Web 2.0 was having more producers.
• Web 1.0 was about HTML; Web 2.0 is about XML
IV. Why the need for Web 3.0???
If people were happy with Web 2.0 then why did they move to Web 3.0? Web 3.0 was also called as
Semantic Web by its founder Tim Berners Lee. It's a set of standards that turns the Web into one big database,"
says Nova Spivack, CEO of Radar Networks, one of the leading voices of this new-age Internet. In Web 2.0,
when user searches for some word using a search engine like google, the engine displays a lot of information.
Now it is up to the user to sit and sort this information i.e., check for the relevant information. A lot of time is
wasted by the humans in performing this sort. There was a very big urgency for a Web that could automatically
sort this data and display the relevant data to the user in an efficient manner. That’s when the Semantic Web came
into picture. ?" There's millions of dollars being spent trying to better optimize search, and that's a big part of what
the Semantic Web will be.
With Semantic Web, the user has to just relax. He can narrow his search parameters. The Web will do all
the searching and filtering for him because it understands the meaning of the information on the Web. Now when
we search for a word, e.g. vegetarian pizza, it looks for all files that contain the word vegetarian or the word pizza
or both and displays the links to the user. With Web 3.0., along with the keywords, it also identifies the context in
which the words are presented through the relationships between them and thus provides accurate data result. It
also identifies the synonyms associated with this and displays the data related to its synonyms.
With the Semantic Web, computers will scan and interpret information on Web pages using software
agents [4]. These software agents will be programs that crawl through the web, searching for relevant information.
They'll be able to do that because the Semantic Web will have collection of information called ontologies. In
terms of the Internet, ontology is a file that defines the relationships among a group of terms. For example, the
term "cousin" refers to the familial relationship between two people who share one set of grandparents. A
collection of ontologies form a Grid Environment. A Semantic Web ontology might define each familial role like
this:[4]
Grandparent: A direct ancestor two generations removed from the subject
Parent: A direct ancestor one generation removed from the subject
Nephew or niece: Child of the brother or sister of the subject
Brother or sister: Someone who shares the same parent as the subject
Cousin: child of an aunt or uncle of the subject [4]
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University
National Conference on Microelectronics and Communication, April 8-9, 2009
For the Semantic Web to be effective, ontologies have to be detailed and comprehensive. In Berners-Lee’s [5]
concept, they would exist in the form of metadata. Metadata is information that is used by the computers while
searching for keywords. This is invisible to humans. The generation of ontologies and the use of metadata will be
the key to the success of Semantic Web.
V. Conclusion
This paper has described the transformation of Web from a set of static information to set dynamic Web
pages with the advent of new technologies. Web 1.0 was a convenient tool to display information. Web 1.0 was
not interactive. But just displaying information was not sufficient That’s when Web 2.0 came. In Web 2.0 there is
more participation than Web 1.0. The effects of Web 2.0 are too far to imagine. It is a part of the life of every
individual, maybe a designer or a social worker, developers etc. But even here the problem was that even with
good search engine, the right information is not obtained at the right time. We're at the end of the Web 2.0 cycle
now. The next cycle will be Web 3.0, and the focus will shift back to the back end. Programmers will refine the
Internet's infrastructure to support the advanced capabilities of Web 3.0 browsers. Web 3.0 was another leap.
This is the semantic extension of the current syntactic Web. It understands the context in which the user speaks
and displays only the relevant data to him. Thereby acting intelligently like humans. Faster delivery of accurate
information will lead to increased productivity. This is an area which can make a major contribution to the field of
research.
VI. References
[1] Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy,”Key Differences between Web1.0 and Web2.0”,
AT&T Labs–Research180 Park Avenue, Florham Park, NJ , February 13, 2008
[2] Paul Anderson ,”Technology & Standards Watch What is Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implications
for education “ , JISC Technology and Standards Watch, February 2007
[3] TimO'Reilly , “ Design Patterns & Business Models for the Next Generation of Software” Sep 30,2005
[4] Jonathan Strickland ,”How Web 3.0 Will Work”,
Available:http://www.computer.howstuffworks.com/Web-30.htm/printable
[5] Berners-Lee, Tim, Hendler, James and Lassila Ora, "The Semantic Web" Scientific American,
May, 2001. Available: http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=00048144-10D2-1C70-
84A9809EC588EF21
[6] Srinivasa Rao and R.H.Goudar “Building Of Ontologies: A Generalized Approach”
Proceedings of the International Conference on Digital Factory, ICDF , August 11-13, 2008, pp. 1610-14
[7] R.H.Goudar and Padmanabha Aital, “Semantic Web (or Web 3.0) Based Knowledge Eco-
systems” Proceedings of the National Conference on Recent Trends in Computer Engineering, RTCE ’08,
February 18 -20, 2008, pp. 1120 -1123.
[8] O'Reilly, T., “What is Web 2.0”, September 30, 2005 Available: http://www.oreilly.com/go/Web2
[9] Kris Carrie, ”Web 2.0 Marketing Is A Natural Expression Of The Web”, Commerce Springer,
Berlin ,2001. Available: http://www.articledashboard.com
[10] Laningham (ed.), “DeveloperWorks”, Interview, August 22, 2006.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University
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