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Ip Address DNS DHCP: India

This document discusses IP addresses, DNS, and DHCP. It defines an IP address as a unique number assigned to devices on a network that allows them to be identified and located. It describes IPv4 and IPv6 address standards and how network and host IDs are defined in different address classes. It also discusses loopback addresses, APIPA addresses, the role of DNS in translating names to IP addresses, and how DHCP dynamically assigns IP addresses and configurations to devices on a network.

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Julie Ann Marie Serrano
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334 views21 pages

Ip Address DNS DHCP: India

This document discusses IP addresses, DNS, and DHCP. It defines an IP address as a unique number assigned to devices on a network that allows them to be identified and located. It describes IPv4 and IPv6 address standards and how network and host IDs are defined in different address classes. It also discusses loopback addresses, APIPA addresses, the role of DNS in translating names to IP addresses, and how DHCP dynamically assigns IP addresses and configurations to devices on a network.

Uploaded by

Julie Ann Marie Serrano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IP ADDRESS

DNS
DHCP

India
IP Address
• What is an IP address ?

 Internet protocol address

 unique identifying number given to every single


computer on the Internet.

 IP address is a special serial number used for


identification.

 allows the machine to be located by other machines on


the network

India
IP Address
• IP addresses can be either static or dynamic

 Static IP – Fixed and never changes

 Dynamic IP – temporary and could change


at any time

India
IP Address
• Two Standards of IP address –

IPv4 – 32 bit binary bits


 4 numbers separated by dots.
 Example - 25.161.13.191

IPv6 – 128 bit binary bits


 eight groups of hexadecimal numbers separated by
colons(:).
 Example - 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334

India
IP Address
• IP address is divided in 2 parts :-
Network ID and Host ID

 Network ID – It’s a ID of the network and resembles the


network.
 Host ID – It’s a identification of host on the network.

Net ID Host ID

Example – 25.161.13.191

India
IP Address Classes

India
IP Address

• IP Address classes –
Class Class Range Address Range Supports

Class A 0-126 10.0.0.0 to 16 million hosts on


10.255.255.255 each of 127 networks.

Class B 128-191 172.16.0.0 to 65,000 hosts on each


172.31.255.255 of 16,000 networks.

Class C 192-223 192.168.0.0 to 254 hosts on each of 2


192.168.255.255 million networks.

Class D 224-239 NA Reserved for


Multicasting
Class E 240-255 NA Experimental; used for
research

India
IP Address
• How to define network id and host id in IP
address classes ?
10.12.34.10 :- 11001100.11100111.11111000.11001100

 Class A –
First octet shows the network id and rest 3 octets shows the
host id.
Net Host
ID ID
2^24 16,777,216 hosts per network

10.12.34.10
India
IP Address
• How to define network id and host id in IP
address classes ?
10.12.34.10 :- 11001100.11100111.11111000.11001100

 Class B –
First 2 octets show the network id while the last 2 denotes
the host id.
Net Host
ID ID 2^16 16,384 hosts per network

10.12.34.10
India
IP Address
• How to define network id and host id in IP
address classes ?
10.12.34.10 :- 11001100.11100111.11111000.11001100

 Class C –
First 3 octets show the network id while the last 1 denotes the
host id.

Net Host
ID ID
2^8 256 hosts per network
10.12.34.10
India
LOOPBACK Address

India
IP Address
• Loopback address – (127.0.0.1)

 Also called as Localhost.

 Loopback has no hardware associated with it.

 Allows us to test ip software without worrying about the


broken or corrupted driver or hardware.

 Loopback interface never goes down.

 Used for management on routers.


India
APIPA Address

India
IP Address
• APIPA address – Link-local address

 Automatic Private IP Address.

 Range - 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254

 With APIPA, client machines can automatically self-configure


an IP address.

 Meant for small business environments, usually less than 25


clients.
ex. Home , small intranet LAN’s.

 How to check if your computer is enabled for APIPA?

India
DNS

India
DNS
• DNS – Domain Name System

 DNS is a protocol.

 Used to translate a user friendly domain name into an IP address.

 DNS implements a distributed database to store the name and


address information for all public hosts on the Internet.

 DNS resolver – contacts DNS server to determine servers IP


address.

 Best example of DNS is Internet.


India
DNS
• How DNS works :- www.google.com
3. That’s in my cache.
It maps to IP address 70.42.251.42

5
DNS 4. great! I will cache
server 3 that for a while.
2
5.Thanks for
the direction DNS Server
4
1

1. I need direction to 2. The domain name is


www.google.com www.google.com is not
in my database
India
DHCP

India
DHCP
• DHCP :-
 Dynamic host configuration protocol.

 Configures devices that are connected to a network so that they can


communicate using the IP address.

 Maintains database of available IP addresses and configuration


information.

 Allocate IP address to a client on a lease.


Lease :- amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a
computer.

 Lease duration is set to 8 days by default.

 DHCP Pool – contains list of available IP address.


India
DHCP
• How DHCP works :-

 DHCP works on DORA process.


1) Discover
2) Offer
3) Request
4) Acknowledge

India
THE END
India

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