Application Development with

CDS + BOPF + ODATA + Fiori

Elements ( SAPUI5 )

Purpose

This blog will focus on End-to-End development of an

application using

1. CDS (Core Data Services)

Interface and Consumption View
BOPF Generation
2. BOPF (Business Object Processing Framework)
Business Processing Logic ( CRUD Operations )
3. OData (Open Data Protocol)
Exposure of Data
4. SAPUI5 / Fiori Elements
Front End Development

Requirement

Build a Phone Book Application which helps to manage contacts.

The initial version will support only basic features such as
Create, Edit, Delete and Copy contacts. It will list all
contacts in initial view with contact information such as
First & Last Name, E-Mail ID. When the user clicks on any
record then detail view will display all basic information
along with different telephone numbers for the selected
contact.

Step By Step Guide

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

Design
 1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

The design was created using SAP Build, you can preview the
app using the below link.
PREVIEW @Phone Book (Prototype)

Desktop – List Report

Desktop – Object Page

Mobile – List Report

Mobile – Object Page
<< Top
Create Dictionary Objects

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

As per the requirement, we will need three table. One each for
Header & Item data for contacts. Additionally, I created a
master table for contacts category, this is required to supply
value help for UI.

You can create dictionary table as per your requirement. Just

make sure to use UUID as key.

Note:
Tables for storing Drafts will be auto generated with business
objects, so there is no need to create it manually.
Created By and Changed By is not added as field, because Phone
Book application is user based and it will have only one
authorized owner, who can manage it.

Header Table for Phone Book

Item Table for Phone Book

Contact Category Master Table

Data – Contact Category

<< Top
Create Interface Views (CDS)

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

In this step, we will create basic views for our DB table.

These views can later be used by other CDS views or any DB
fetch.

Note: This blog will not get into basic steps of installing
ADT and connecting backend system to ADT or How to create CDS
views. You can refer to below links for the same, in case this
is your first-hand experience with ADT & CDS
 Installing ABAP Development Tools for Eclipse
Work with Core Data Services
CDS Annotations

Header Interface View

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBHEAD'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@ObjectModel:{
usageType:{
sizeCategory: #L,
serviceQuality: #X,
dataClass: #TRANSACTIONAL
}
}
@VDM.viewType: #BASIC
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Header Inerface View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_HEAD
as select from z2812_pb_d_head as headData {
//z2812_pb_header
key pb_head_uuid,
pb_id,
pb_owner,
pb_first_name,
pb_last_name,
pb_email_id,
pb_created_at,
pb_changed_at
}
Item Interface View

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBITEM'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@ObjectModel:{
usageType:{
sizeCategory: #L,
serviceQuality: #X,
dataClass: #TRANSACTIONAL
}
}
@VDM.viewType: #BASIC
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Item Inerface View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_ITEM
as select from z2812_pb_d_item as itemData{
//z2812_pb_item
key pb_item_uuid,
pb_head_uuid,
pb_category,
pb_telephone,
pb_created_at,
pb_changed_at
}

Category Interface View

Basic View

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBCATG'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@ObjectModel:{
usageType: {
serviceQuality: #B,
sizeCategory: #S,
dataClass: #MASTER
}
}
@VDM.viewType: #BASIC
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Category Interface View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_CATG as select from z2812_pb_d_catg{
//z2812_pb_d_catg
key pb_category,
key pb_spras,
pb_category_desc
}

Value Help View

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBCATVH'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@ClientHandling.algorithm: #SESSION_VARIABLE
@ObjectModel:{
dataCategory: #VALUE_HELP,
representativeKey: 'PB_CATEGORY',
usageType: {
sizeCategory: #S,
serviceQuality: #B,
dataClass: #MASTER
}
}
@VDM.viewType: #BASIC
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Category Value Help View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_CATG_VH as select from Z2812_I_PB_CATG
{
 //Z2812_I_PB_CATG
key pb_category,
pb_category_desc
} where pb_spras = $session.system_language

Text View

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBCTGTXT'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
@ObjectModel:{
dataCategory: #TEXT,
representativeKey: 'PB_CATEGORY',
usageType: {
sizeCategory: #S,
serviceQuality: #B,
dataClass: #MASTER
}
}
@VDM.viewType: #BASIC
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book CategoryText View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_CATG_TXT as select from Z2812_I_PB_CATG
{
//Z2812_I_PB_CATG
key pb_category,
pb_category_desc
} where pb_spras = $session.system_language

Note: Value Help and Text view are not categories of views.
These are just typed and used for better understanding.
Different types of views are Basic, Composite, Consumption,
Extension, Structure, Transactional

<< Top
Business Object Generation
(CDS – Object Model
Annotations )

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations)
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

First, Item Transactional View was created without any

association to header view/node, then Header Transactional
View was created with an association to the item view/node.
Later, the Association to header was updated in the item view.
Item Transactional View

Draft table name is proposed and system will auto generate the
table.

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBITEMND'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK

-- Business Object Model - Item Data

@ObjectModel:{
writeActivePersistence: 'Z2812_PB_D_ITEM',
draftEnabled: true,
writeDraftPersistence: 'Z2812_PB_D_ITM_D',
createEnabled: true,
updateEnabled: true,
deleteEnabled: true,
entityChangeStateId: 'PB_CHANGED_AT',
lifecycle.enqueue.expiryBehavior :
#RELATIVE_TO_LAST_CHANGE,
lifecycle.enqueue.expiryInterval : 'PT60M',
usageType: {
serviceQuality: #D,
sizeCategory: #L,
dataClass: #TRANSACTIONAL
}
}

@VDM.viewType: #TRANSACTIONAL
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Item Transactional - Node
View'
define view Z2812_I_PB_ITEM_ND
as select from Z2812_I_PB_ITEM as itemData
-- Category Description
left outer join Z2812_I_PB_CATG_TXT as _categoryText
on _categoryText.pb_category =
itemData.pb_category
 -- Association to Header
association [1..1] to Z2812_I_PB_HEAD_ND as _headData
on $projection.pb_head_uuid =
_headData.pb_head_uuid
{
//itemData
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
key pb_item_uuid,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: true
pb_head_uuid,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
@ObjectModel.mandatory: true
itemData.pb_category,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_category_desc,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
@ObjectModel.mandatory: true
pb_telephone,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_created_at,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_changed_at,
@ObjectModel.association.type: [#TO_COMPOSITION_PARENT,
#TO_COMPOSITION_ROOT]
_headData
}

Header Transactional View

Object Model Annotations used in View will auto generate

Business Object and dependent node such as message, Lock and

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'Z2812IPBHEADND'
@AbapCatalog.compiler.compareFilter: true
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK
-- Business Object Model - Header Data
@ObjectModel:{
modelCategory: #BUSINESS_OBJECT,
transactionalProcessingEnabled: true,
compositionRoot: true,

semanticKey: ['PB_ID'],
alternativeKey: [{
id: 'PB_ID',
uniqueness: #UNIQUE_IF_NOT_INITIAL,
element: ['PB_ID']
}],
writeActivePersistence: 'Z2812_PB_D_HEAD',
draftEnabled: true,
writeDraftPersistence: 'Z2812_PB_D_HDR_D',
createEnabled: true,
updateEnabled: true,
deleteEnabled: true,
entityChangeStateId: 'PB_CHANGED_AT',
lifecycle.enqueue.expiryBehavior: #RELATIVE_TO_LAST_CHANGE,
lifecycle.enqueue.expiryInterval: 'PT60M',
usageType: {
serviceQuality: #D,
sizeCategory: #L,
dataClass: #TRANSACTIONAL
}
}

@VDM.viewType: #TRANSACTIONAL
@Metadata.ignorePropagatedAnnotations: true
@EndUserText.label: 'Phone Book Head Transactional - Node View
- BO'
define view Z2812_I_PB_HEAD_ND
as select from Z2812_I_PB_HEAD as headData
association [0..*] to Z2812_I_PB_ITEM_ND as _itemData
on $projection.pb_head_uuid =
_itemData.pb_head_uuid
{
//headData
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
key pb_head_uuid,
 @ObjectModel.readOnly: true
@ObjectModel.mandatory: true
pb_id,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: true
@ObjectModel.mandatory: true
pb_owner,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_first_name,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_last_name,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_email_id,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_created_at,
@ObjectModel.readOnly: 'EXTERNAL_CALCULATION'
pb_changed_at,
@ObjectModel.association.type: [#TO_COMPOSITION_CHILD]
_itemData
}

For more detail on Object Model Annotations, please refer to

SAP Help.

<< Top

Generated Business Object

(BOPF)
 1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

BOPF?

The Business Object Processing Framework is an ABAP OO-based

framework that provides a set of generic services and
functionalities to speed up, standardize, and modularize your
development. BOPF manages the entire life cycle of your
business objects and covers all aspects of your business
application development. Instead of expending effort for
developing an application infrastructure, the developer can
focus on the individual business logic. Using BOPF, you get
the whole application infrastructure and integration of
various components for free. This allows you to rapidly build
applications on a stable and customer-proven infrastructure.

SOURCE: Introduction to Business Object Processing Framework

(BOPF)
Refer Source for detailed information on BOPF, it will help
you to get an overview of BOPF.

Note: Transactions to work with BOPF objects in SAPGUI are

BOB, BOBF, BOBX. However, Business Object generated using
Object Model Annotations in CDS, can only be edited using ADT
(ABAP Development Tools) in Eclipse.

Business Object Initial View

Name of the generated Business Object is the same as the

CDS View.
Constant Interface is automatically generated
Go To nodes of this BO => Display Nodes in Hierarchy
Go to the Root Node => Display Node and it Elements
Overview
Alternative Keys
Properties
Associations
Actions
Determinations
Validations
Authorizations
Display Generated Business Object using BOBF
Constant Interface

Constant Interface ‘ZIF_2812_I_PB_HEAD_ND_C‘ is auto-

generated. BOPF generates business logic and lots of dependent
objects. All of these objects are always referred to using
GUID. In SAP GUID is 16 character hexadecimal value, and that
is hard to remember to refer objects related to BO. Therefore,
the constant interface is generated with proper human readable
and understandable name for such objects. To see the values
switch to source code based display.
<< Initial View

Root Node Overview

Persistent Structure, Combined Structure ( Persistent +

Transient Structure ) & Combined Table Type are auto-
generated. Standard Draft Library Class is assigned for the
handling of Drafts.
<< Initial View

Alternative Keys

As the name implies, they are an alternate way of finding the

instance of the node. It is more meaningful and related to
business data, for example in this scenario Phone Book ID can
be created and used as Alternate Key.
<< Initial View

Properties

Initially, the properties of fields are set as instructed by

annotations. properties can be set for Node, Node Attributes,
Associations, Actions etc. Example of properties that can be
set are Enabled, Read Only, Mandatory, Create Enabled, Update
Enabled, Delete Enabled.
<< Initial View

Associations

Association to Item Data is generated as per CDS annotation.

<< Initial View

Actions

Action carries out the application of business logic. There

are many standard actions generated for CRUD and Draft
handling. Action has to be triggered explicitly.

<< Initial View

Determinations

Determinations are tied to the event and are triggered

implicitly. You cant call a determination directly. Many
standard determinations are auto-generated for Drafts, Locks,
Field Control etc. Example, in case, if Transient Structure is
used then determinations can be used to update transient data.
However, it can also be used to update persistent data as a
result of the change of values of other attributes.

<< Initial View

Validations
Validation is checks triggered to validate the Node.
Action validations are pre-checks to continue with the
triggered action.
Consistency validations do node consistency checks and can
stop CRUD operations based on configuration or logic.

<< Initial View

Authorizations

For handling authorization framework generates Authorization

element and assign Authorization Class to it.
Based on the requirement you can use method
‘CHECK_STATIC_AUTHORITY’ or ‘CHECK_INSTANCE_AUTHORITY’

<< Initial View

Display Generated Business Object

using BOBF

Many associations to other pre-existing BO’s such as Lock,

Message and Property are created. They are not displayed by
default. We need to change the User Settings in BOBF
transaction for Business Object, in order to display all.
Node Structure View

Node Elements
Node Elements Image 1

Node Elements Image 2

<< Initial View

<< Top

BOPF Development

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

As per Phone Book Application requirement, we will develop

following:

1. Determinations
GENERATE_PBID: Generate Phone Book ID
UPDATE_H_ADMIN: Update Creation and Change
timestamp.
UPDATE_I_ADMIN: Update Creation and Change
timestamp.
2. Validations
CHECK_EMAIL: Validate E-Mail ID
CHECK_TELENO: Validate Telephone Number
3. Actions
COPY: Copy or Duplicate the selected contact
4. Alternative Keys
PB_ID: Phone Book ID as alternate key

Determinations

Generate Phone Book ID

This determination will generate next Phone Book ID in series

and update the same to buffer.

Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node >>

Select Determinations Tab at the bottom or Click on
Determinations Link on the Side.
 1. Once you are in Determinations Tab then click on New to
create a determination.
2. Based on Name system will propose Implementation Class,
but you can change the class name or re-generate the
proposal.
3. Click on Finish
4. Save and Activate

Step 2: Click on Triggers Configured or you can double click

on the new determination from Outline View or you can select
the new determination from Node, to further configure it.
Step 3: In determination configuration, you can see that
determination will be executed After Modification, it is
associated with Header Node, and is only triggered for Create
and Update action. As there is no need to generate new Phone
Book ID for Delete action.

Step 4: If it is required, you can mention dependencies in

‘Dependency’ tab of determination configuration view. This
will ensure that dependent determinations will be executed
before this determination. Other than this there no control on
the sequence of determination execution. Best practice
suggests that there should not be any inter-dependent
determinations.

Step 5: As soon as the determination is activated, the

implementation class is auto-generated with the necessary
interface. Navigate to the class.

Step 6: Implement the business logic for the Determination in

the method Execute.
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name :
/BOBF/IF_FRW_DETERMINATION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Generate Phone Book ID
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_determination~execute.
" Internal tab for Header Data
" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_head) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_head_nd( ).

" Get Phone Book Head Data

io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_head " Data
Return Struct.
).

" For Each Node Instance

LOOP AT lt_head REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_head).
IF lr_head->pb_id IS INITIAL. " Phone Book ID is Initial
" Generate Phone Book ID
CALL FUNCTION 'NUMBER_GET_NEXT'
EXPORTING
nr_range_nr =
zif_2812_pb_global=>gc_nr_pb_intrvl
object = zif_2812_pb_global=>gc_nr_pb_id
IMPORTING
number = lr_head->pb_id
EXCEPTIONS
interval_not_found = 1
number_range_not_intern = 2
object_not_found = 3
quantity_is_0 = 4
quantity_is_not_1 = 5
interval_overflow = 6
buffer_overflow = 7
 OTHERS = 8.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
lr_head->pb_owner = sy-uname.
GET TIME STAMP FIELD DATA(lv_timestamp).
lr_head->pb_created_at = lv_timestamp.
lr_head->pb_changed_at = lv_timestamp.
ELSE.
" Phone Book ID is marked as mandatory
" Framework will throw error if it is not supplied
ENDIF.

io_modify->update(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node
iv_key = lr_head->key " Key
is_data = lr_head " Data
).
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

Update Header Admin Data

This determination will update ‘Created At’ and ‘Changed At’

timestamp.

Using the above steps create determination UPDATE_H_ADMIN, it

will be triggered ‘After Modify’, it is associated with Header
Node, it is enabled for action Create and Update.

Business Logic

*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name :
/BOBF/IF_FRW_DETERMINATION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Update Admin Head Data
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_determination~execute.
" Internal tab for Header Data
" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_head) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_head_nd( ).

" Get Phone Book Head Data

io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_head " Data Ret.
Struct.
).

LOOP AT lt_head REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_head).

GET TIME STAMP FIELD DATA(lv_timestamp).
lr_head->pb_changed_at = lv_timestamp.

" Update Data to Node

io_modify->update(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node
iv_key = lr_head->key " Key
is_data = lr_head " Data
).
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

Update Item Admin Data

This determination will update ‘Created At’ and ‘Changed At’

timestamp.
Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node
>>Select Item Node.

Step 2: Select Determinations Tab at the bottom or Click on

Determinations Link on Side

Using remaining steps from GENERATE_PBID determination, create

determination UPDATE_I_ADMIN, it will be triggered ‘After
Modify’, it is associated with Header Node, it is enabled for
action Create and Update.
Business Logic

*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name :
/BOBF/IF_FRW_DETERMINATION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Update Admin Item Data
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_determination~execute.

" Internal tab for Item Data

" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_item) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_item_nd( ).

" Get Item Data

io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_item " Data Ret.
Struct.
).

" For Each Node Instance

LOOP AT lt_item REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_item) .
GET TIME STAMP FIELD DATA(lv_timstmp).
IF lr_item->pb_created_at IS INITIAL.
lr_item->pb_created_at = lv_timstmp. " Created
At
ENDIF.

lr_item->pb_changed_at = lv_timstmp. " Last

Changed At

" Update Data to Node

io_modify->update(
EXPORTING
 iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node
iv_key = lr_item->key " Key
is_data = lr_item " Data
).

ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

<< Development List

Validations

CHECK_EMAIL

This will validate the E-Mail address

Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node >>

Select Validations Tab at the bottom or Click on Validations
Link on Side.

1. Once you are in Validations Tab then click on New to

create a validation.
2. Based on Name system will propose Implementation Class,
but you can change the class name or re-generate the
proposal.
3. Click on Finish
4. Save and Activate
Step 2: Click on Triggers Configured or you can double click
on the new validation from Outline View or you can select the
new validation from Node, to further configure it.

In the validation configuration, you can see that validation

is associated with consistency check, Header Node, and is only
triggered for Create and Update action. As there is no need to
validate on the Delete action.
Step 3: As soon as the validation is activated, the
implementation class is auto-generated with the necessary
interface. Navigate to the class.

Step 4: Implement the business logic for the Validation in the

method Execute.

*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name : /BOBF/IF_FRW_VALIDATION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Validate E-Mail Adress
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_validation~execute.
" Internal tab for Header Data
" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_head) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_head_nd( ).

" Get Phone Book Head Data

io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_head " Data
Return Structure
).

" Instantiate Message Object

IF eo_message IS NOT BOUND.
eo_message = /bobf/cl_frw_factory=>get_message( ).
ENDIF.

LOOP AT lt_head REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_head).

" Validate
me->validate_email(
EXPORTING
iv_emailid = lr_head->pb_email_id " Email Address
IMPORTING
es_msg = DATA(ls_msg) " Structure of
message
).

" Add Message

IF NOT ls_msg IS INITIAL.
eo_message->add_message(
EXPORTING
is_msg = ls_msg " Message
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node
 iv_key = lr_head->key " Instance key
).
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

CHECK_TELENO

This will validate the the telephone number

Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node

>>Select Item Node.

Step 2: Select Validations Tab at the bottom or Click on

Validations Link on Side

Using remaining steps from CHECK_EMAIL validation and create

validation CHECK_TELENO, it is associated with Header Node,
consistency check and it is enabled for the action
Create and Update.
Business Logic

*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name : /BOBF/IF_FRW_VALIDATION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Validate Telephone#
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_validation~execute.
" Internal tab for Item Data
" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_item) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_item_nd( ).
 " Get Phone Book Head Data
io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_item " Data
Return Structure
).

" Instantiate Message Object

IF eo_message IS NOT BOUND.
eo_message = /bobf/cl_frw_factory=>get_message( ).
ENDIF.

LOOP AT lt_item REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_item).

" Validate
me->validate_teleno(
EXPORTING
iv_telephone = lr_item->pb_telephone " Telephone#
IMPORTING
es_msg = DATA(ls_msg) " Structure of
message
).

" Add Message

IF NOT ls_msg IS INITIAL.
eo_message->add_message(
EXPORTING
is_msg = ls_msg " Message
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node
iv_key = lr_item->key " Instance
).
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

Validation has to be associated with the consistency group. A

consistency group is executed before save and prevent it in
case of errors, this way we do not need the same validations
as ASction Validation again.

In ADT based BOPF development, consistency group is auto

created as soon as validation is activated. For this scenario,
Z2812_I_PB_HEAD_ND (SAVE_PREVENTION) is generated.

Validations from both nodes are assigned to same consistency

group.

<< Development List

Actions

COPY

This will copy the selected phone book contacts.

Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node >>

Select Actions Tab at the bottom or Click on Actions Link on
Side.

1. Once you are in Validations Tab then click on New to

create an action.
2. Based on Name system will propose Implementation Class,
but you can change the class name or re-generate the
proposal.
3. Click on Finish
4. Save and Activate
Step 2: As soon as action is activated the associated
implemented class is generated with the necessary interface,
if it does not exists. Navigate to the class.
Step 3: Implement the business logic in the method Execute.

*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
* Method Name : /BOBF/IF_FRW_ACTION~EXECUTE
* Method description : Copy Order request
*-------------------------------------------------------------
---------*
METHOD /bobf/if_frw_action~execute.
DATA: lr_head_copy TYPE REF TO data,
lr_item_copy TYPE REF TO data.

" Internal tab for Header & Item Data

" Created using reference to Generated Table Type
DATA(lt_head) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_head_nd( ).
DATA(lt_item) = VALUE zt2812_i_pb_item_nd( ).

" Get Phone Book Head Data

io_read->retrieve(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_head " Data
Return Structure
).

" Get Phone Book Item Data

 io_read->retrieve_by_association(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key " Node Name
it_key = it_key " Key Table
iv_association =
zif_2812_i_pb_head_nd_c=>sc_association-z2812_i_pb_head_nd-
_itemdata " Name of Association
iv_fill_data = abap_true
IMPORTING
et_data = lt_item " Data
Return Structure
).

" For Each Node Instance

LOOP AT lt_head REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_head).
ASSIGN lr_head->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_head>).

" Create Copy of Head

DATA(ls_head_copy) = VALUE zs2812_i_pb_head_nd( ).
ls_head_copy-pb_email_id = <fs_head>-pb_email_id.
ls_head_copy-pb_first_name = <fs_head>-pb_first_name.
ls_head_copy-pb_last_name = <fs_head>-pb_last_name.

" Create Data Ref to Copy of Head

CREATE DATA lr_head_copy TYPE zs2812_i_pb_head_nd.
ASSIGN lr_head_copy->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_head_copy>).
IF <fs_head_copy> IS ASSIGNED.
<fs_head_copy> = ls_head_copy.
ENDIF.

" Create New Phone Book Entry

io_modify->create(
EXPORTING
iv_node = is_ctx-node_key "
Node to Create
is_data = lr_head_copy "
Data
IMPORTING
ev_key = DATA(lv_pb_copy_key)
).
 LOOP AT lt_item REFERENCE INTO DATA(lr_item) WHERE
parent_key = lr_head->key.
ASSIGN lr_item->* TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs_item>).

" Create Copy of Item

DATA(ls_item_copy) = VALUE zs2812_i_pb_item_nd( ).
ls_item_copy-pb_category = <fs_item>-pb_category.
ls_item_copy-pb_telephone = <fs_item>-pb_telephone.

" Create Reference to Item Copy

CREATE DATA lr_item_copy TYPE zs2812_i_pb_item_nd.
ASSIGN lr_item_copy->* TO FIELD-
SYMBOL(<fs_item_copy>).
IF <fs_item_copy> IS ASSIGNED.
<fs_item_copy> = ls_item_copy.
ENDIF.

io_modify->create(
EXPORTING
iv_node =
zif_2812_i_pb_head_nd_c=>sc_node-z2812_i_pb_item_nd
" Node to Create
is_data = lr_item_copy
" Data
iv_assoc_key =
zif_2812_i_pb_head_nd_c=>sc_association-z2812_i_pb_head_nd-
_itemdata " Association
iv_source_node_key =
zif_2812_i_pb_head_nd_c=>sc_node-z2812_i_pb_head_nd
" Parent Node
iv_source_key = lv_pb_copy_key
" NodeID of Parent Instance
).
ENDLOOP.
ENDLOOP.
ENDMETHOD.

<< Development List

Alternative keys

PB_ID

This key will allow us to find node instance using Phone Book
ID.

Step 1: Navigate to Business Object >> Go To Root Node >>

Select
Alternative Keys Tab at the bottom or Click on Alternative
Keys Link on Side.

1. Once you are in Alternative Keys Tab then click on New

to create.
2. Click on Finish
Step 2: You can double click on the new Alternative Key from
Outline View or you can select the new alternative key from
Node, to further configure it.

Step 3:
 1. Maintain Field Name (from Node Attributes)
2. Save and Activate

<< Development List

<< Top

Test BOPF object using BOBT

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
 5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

This blog showcase Business object testing using transaction

BOBT. Step number and count mentioned is very specific (not a
generic sequence) to the application scenario. It is just to
show, how to carry out the different activities in BOBT.

Step 1: Go to Transaction ‘BOBT

Step 2: Enter the Business Object name as shown below

Step 3: Click on ‘New Entry’ to create new instance of the

node.

As soon as a new node instance is created the determination to

get Phone Book ID is executed and the same is assigned and
updated along with admin data.

Step 4: If you have header level validation the enter wrong

value to trigger the error message. In this scenario, invalid
E-Mail ID is entered and the validation check fails.
Step 5: Go to Item Node. You can navigate to an item using the
association or by instance tree in the left pane.

Step 6: Create item node instance and If you have item level
validation the enter wrong value to trigger the error message.
In this scenario, the invalid telephone number is entered and
the validation check fails.
Step 7: Navigate back to Parent Node, using Back or
Association or Node Tree.

Step 8: Select the node and Activate it. It will prepare the
node for persistence.
Step 9: Save the transaction to persist the entry.

Step 10: Verify the entries persisted in database.

Step 11: Go to BOBT and open the Business Object, then use the
Alternative Key Phone Book ID to get the node instance.

Step 12: If you have any add-on action for the given business
object then execute the same. In this scenario, node instance
is selected and COPY is executed. Activate and save the data,
then check the new entry in database.
<< Top

Access Control (CDS)

1. Design / Prototype
2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
 10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

DCL Source

With the help of Core Data Services, we can also define and
generate DCL (Data Control Language) Source. It is used to
restrict access to data.

Create an Access Control object ‘Z2812_I_PB_HEAD‘ (I practice

to create the access control with the same name as the DDL
Source. It helps to easily identify the CDS View used inside
the access control).

@EndUserText.label: 'Mapping Role - Z2812_I_PB_HEAD'

@MappingRole: true
define role Z2812_I_Pb_Head {
grant
select
on
-- CDS View
Z2812_I_PB_HEAD
where
-- Authorization Object
 ( ) = aspect pfcg_auth( Z2812_AUTH,
ACTVT = '03' );
}

No CDS element is specified in the above example. CDS access

control prevents data from being read in full if the current
user does not have at least an authorization for the
authorization object with the activity “03”. You can also
restrict data with control over specific fields, refer below
link for more details.
Read More about PFCG_AUTH

The below control statement used in CDS View triggers the

check using using access control.

@AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK

Similarly, create access control for all the required views

with the required authorization.

<< Top

User Interface Development

1. Design / Prototype
 2. Create Dictionary Objects
3. Create Interface View (CDS)
4. Business Object Generation (CDS – Object Model
Annotations )
5. Generated Business Object
6. BOPF – Development
Determination
Validation
Action
Alternative Key
7. Test BOPF Object using BOBT
8. Access Control (CDS)
9. Consumption View (CDS)
10. OData Service Generation and Registration
11. Test OData Service using SAP Gateway Client
12. UI development

Frontend Side consumption of BOPF

FBI (FPM BOPF Integration)

Fiori Elements

FBI (FPM BOPF Integration)

I have followed each every single steps mention in the below

blog to develop the integration. It is really helpful, please
follow the same. Floorplan used for the application is OVP
(Overview Page Floorplan).
Getting Started with FPM and BOPF Integration

Application (Display Only)

<< Frontend Consumption

Initial Screen

Dynamic Search & History Enabled

Overview Page

Fiori Elements

List Report application type was used to create the

application. Refer the video in below link, it is really
simple and easy.

Creating a List Report with Fiori

Elements

For more insight, please do refer to SPAUI5 Development and

Demo Kit.
Developing Apps with SAP Fiori Elements
Application ( CRUD + Draft Enabled )

Initial List Screen (Click on Go to Load Data)

List Report (Draft Enabled) (Click on ‘+’ to Create ) ( On

Item Selection ‘Delete’ is enabled )

New Phone Book ID is assigned and data can be filled

Value Help Supplied for Category

Validations are Working

Save

New Contact is Saved

Navigate to Contact Item ( Edit and Delete Options are Visible

)
<< Frontend Consumption

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