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ITC - Chapter # 1

1) Computing involves using computers to process information and complete tasks. It includes designing hardware and software, processing data, and using computers to solve problems or be intelligent. 2) Computing draws from many disciplines like technology, engineering, mathematics, and social sciences. It has subfields like computer science, software engineering, computer engineering, information technology, and information systems. 3) The history of computing began thousands of years ago with tools like the abacus, and has evolved with advances in calculation tools and modern computers. Modern computing is now usually done with the help of electronic digital computers.

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Nafees Akbar
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
348 views2 pages

ITC - Chapter # 1

1) Computing involves using computers to process information and complete tasks. It includes designing hardware and software, processing data, and using computers to solve problems or be intelligent. 2) Computing draws from many disciplines like technology, engineering, mathematics, and social sciences. It has subfields like computer science, software engineering, computer engineering, information technology, and information systems. 3) The history of computing began thousands of years ago with tools like the abacus, and has evolved with advances in calculation tools and modern computers. Modern computing is now usually done with the help of electronic digital computers.

Uploaded by

Nafees Akbar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9/5/2013

What is Computing

… Computing is any goal‐oriented activity which benefits from 
computers
… Computing is the study of how computers and computer 
systems work and how they are constructed and programmed
INTRODUCTION TO  … Computing includes 
† designing and building hardware and software systems
COMPUTING † processing, structuring and managing various kinds of information
† doing scientific research on and with computers
CHAPTER # 1 Introduction to Computing † making computer systems behave intelligently
† creating and using communications and entertainment media etc

Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 2

What is Computing Subfields of Computing

… Its primary aspects of theory, systems and applications are 
drawn from the disciplines of
† Technology
† Design
† Engineering
† Mathematics
† Physical Sciences and 
† Social Sciences Computer  Software  Computer  Information  Information 
Science Engineering Engineering Systems Technology
Physical 
Technology Design Engineering Mathematics Social Sciences
Sciences

Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 3 Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 4

Subfields of Computing History of Computing
… Computer science (CS) or computing science  … The history of computing is longer than the history of 
† It is the scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications
computing hardware and modern computing technology
… Software engineering (SE) 
† It is the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the  … It includes the history of methods intended for pen and paper 
design, development, operation, and maintenance of software, and the study 
of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering to software or for chalk and slate, with or without the aid of tables
… Computer engineering (CE)  … The earliest known tool for use in computation was the 
† It is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and 
It is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and abacus (invented in Babylon circa 2400 BC)
b ( d b l )
computer science required to develop computer systems
… Information technology (IT)  … Calculators were also a popular computation tool used in 
† It is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store,  recent centuries
retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a business or 
other enterprise
… Information systems (IS) 
† It is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that 
people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute 
data

Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 5 Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 6

1
9/5/2013

Modern Day Computing What is a Computer

… Modern day computing is usually performed with the help of  … Computer is a Latin word which means to compute
computers … It is a calculation machine to perform computations and 
… A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a  to make logical decisions millions / billions times faster 
than human beings
set of instructions called a computer program
… Computer is an electronic device used for information 
… A computer program provides instructions to the computer  processing
h d
hardware … A computer is, at its most basic, a machine which can 
take instructions, and perform computations based on 
those instructions and give results
… Computer is an electronic machine made with many 
subunits that enables the user to access data easily
… A computation on a computer is performed on the basis 
of two main entities
† i.e. hardware and software

Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 7 Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 8

Computer Software Computer Hardware

… Software is a collection of computer programs and  … Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements 
related data that provides the instructions for telling  that comprise a computer system
a computer what to do and how to do it … It encompasses the physical interconnections and devices 
required to store and execute (or run) the software
† e.g. Microsoft Word, Internet Explorer, Windows
… It refers to the physical parts or components of a computer 
… Software is a set of programs procedures
Software is a set of programs, procedures,  such as 
h
algorithms and its documentation concerned with  † monitor, keyboard, storage, hard drive disk, mouse, printers, CPU, 
the operation of a data processing system memory, motherboard, graphic card, sound card, and other chips

… Software cannot be touched … It contains physical objects that can be actually touched

Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 9 Chapter # 1 Introduction to Computing 10

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