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SSC Geometry Notes

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SSC Geometry Notes

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Souradeep Sanyal
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GEOMETRY TRIANGLES AND THEIR PROPERTIES Atriangle is a figure enclosed by three sides. In the figure given below, ABC is a triangle with sides AB, BC, and CA measuring ¢, a, and b units, respectively. Line AD represents the height of the triangle corresponding to the side BC and is denoted by h A B D z c In any triangle ABC, 1 Area => x BCx AD 2 Properties of a Triangle * The sum ofall the angles of a triangle = 180° * The sum of lengths of the two sides > length of the third side * The difference of any two sides of any triangle ) Area of any triangle = /s( = a)(s — B)(s = 6), where s is the semi- perimeter of the triangle and a, b, and care the sides of a triangle. ©) Area ofany triangle -¢) xbeSinA Besides, there are some formulae that we use ex clusively in some particular cases. Example 2 What is the number of distinct triangles with integral valued sides and perimeter as 14? (a) 6 (b) 5 (4 (4) 3 Solution The sum of the lengths of the two sides > the length of the third side So, the maximum length of any particular side can be 6 units. Now, ifa = 6, then b + c= 8, then the possible sets are (6, 6,2), (6,5, 3), and (6, 4, 4) Ifa=5, then b + c=9, so the possible set is (5, 5,4). So, the number of distinct triangles CLASSIFICATION OF TRIANGLES: Based Upon Sides 1. Scalene Triangl A triangle whose all sides are of diff erent lengths is a scalene triangle. Area = 5 — (s— a)(S — b)(S — ¢), where atb+c S (semi-perimeter 2 Example 3 What isthe area ofthe triangle with side lengths 4 units, 5 units, and 10 units? Solution This triangle is not possible, as the sum of lengths of the two sides > length of the third side. 2. Isosceles Triangl triangle whose two sides are of equal length is an isosceles triangle, faa?—b; Height = uo Area =? V4a" — Bb? 3. Equilateral Triangle Atriangle whose all sides are of equal length is called an equilateral triangle A 8 Cc In any equilateral triangle, all the three sides are of equal length, soa=b = 33 nite = ide), 2 a a Area (sideye= “2 a8 2 Based Upon Angles 1. Right-angled Triangle A triangle whose one angle is of 90° is called a right- angled triangle, The side opposite to the right angle is called the hypotenuse, A 8 o c x base x perpendicular Pythagoras Theorem Pythagoras theorem is applicable in case of right- angled triangle. It says that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, (Hypotenuse)? = (Base)? + (Perpendicular)? a+ be=c2 The smallest example is a= 3, can check that 324 42=9416=25=5? Sometimes, we use the notation (a, b,c) to denote such a triple Notice that the greatest common divisor ofthe three numbers 3, 4, and 5 is 1. Pythagorean triples with this property are called primitive. 4,andc=5.You Pythagorean Triplets A Pythagorean triplet is a set of three positive whole numbers a,b, and c that are the lengths of the sides of aright triangle. a +be=c? Itis noteworthy to see here that all of a,b, and ¢ cannot be odd simultaneously. Bither of a or b has to be even and c can be odd or even. The various possibilities for a, b and care tabled below: a b © odd odd Even Even odd odd odd Even odd Even Even Even Some Pythagoras triplets are: It 5. 34 42= 52) E z hs 524 12% 139) zm bs T+ 248 = 25) 5 hz 82 + 15%= 172) 0 ry 98+ 408 = 412) fit 0 lot Ti+ 60%= 617) 0 1 bo 208 + 212 = 292) 2. Obtuse-angled Triang! Ifone of the angles of the triangle is more than 90°, then the triangle is known as an obtuse angled triangle. Obviously, in this case, rest of the two angles will be less than 90°. 3. Acute-angled Triangle If.all the angles of the triangle are less than 90°, then the triangle is known as acute angled triangle. 4. Isosceles Right-angled Triangle Aright-angled triangle, whose two sides containing the right angle are equal in length, is an isosceles right tri angle. 5 a © In this case, Hypotenuse (h) = a v2 Perimeter = 2a +h = 2a +av2 =av2(v2+a) (1+v2) = Hypotenuse (1+V2) Summarizing the above Classification {a) According to the measurement of ang) (i) Acute-angled triangle Each angle of a triangle is less than 90°, that is a< 90°, b<902,c< 90° 8 A ie Ac {Za, Zb, Ze} < 90° (i)Right-angled triangk If one of the angles is equal to 90°, then it is called a right-angled triangle, The rest two angles are complementary to each other. A, b ch Se £C=90° (iii) Obtuse-angled Ifone of the angles is obtuse (ie, greater than 90°), then itis called an obtuse-angled triangle. A c LC>90° (b) According to the length of sides (i) Scalene triangle A triangle in which none of the three sides are equal is called a scalene triangle. In this triangle, all the three angles are also different triangle A triangle in which two sides are equal is called an isosceles triangle. In this triangle, the angles opposite to the congruent sides are also equal. B A Cc AB=BC LA=ZC Equi A triangle in which all the three sides are equal is, called an equilateral triangle. In this triangle, each angle is congruent and equal to 60°. B A c AB=BC=AC, 2A= 2B=2C = 60° Points of a Triangle Before we move ahead to discuss diff erent points inside a triangle, we need to be very clear about some of the basic definitions Basic Definitions (i) Altitude (or height) ‘The perpendicular drawn from the opposite vertex of a side in a triangle is called an altitude of the triangle. There are three altitudes in a triangle. LAS. AF, CD, and BE are the altitudes. (il) Median The line segment joining the mid-point of a side to the vertex opposite to the side is called a median. There are three medians in a triangle. A median bisects the area of the triangle. Area (ABE) = Area (AEC) = 1 2 Area (ABC), ete. A LES. AE, CD, and BF are the medians. (BE=CE F = CF) (iii) Angle bisector A line segment that originates from a vertex and bisects the same angle is called an angle bisector. (ZBAE = ZCAE = 1/2 2BAC), ete. A B © AE, CD, and BF are the angle bisectors. (iv) Perpendicular bisector Aline segment which bisects a side perpendicularly (ic.,at right angle) is called a perpendicular bisector ofa side of triangle. All points on the perpendicular bisector of a line are equidistant from the ends of the line. B. : Gs DO, EO, and FO are the perpendicular bisectors. Circumcentre Circumcentre is the point of intersection of the three perpendicular bisectors ofa triangle. The circumcentre of a triangle is equidistant from its vertices andthe distance ofthe circumcentre from each of the three vertices is called circumradius (R) of the triangle. These perpen dicular bisectors are diff erent from altitudes, which are perpendiculars but not necessarily bisectors of the side. The circle drawn. with the circumcentre as the centre and circumradius as the radius is called the circumcircle of the triangle and it passes through all the three vertices of the triangle. The circumcentre of a right-angled triangle is the midpoint ofthe hypotenuse ofa right-angled triangle dN» (Sd ese | PE-Ke | b LN NY AB=c,BC=a,AC=b The process to find the cit umradius (R) For abe any triangle Ro, where a, b, and c are the three sides, and A= area of a triangle. ide va For equilateral triangle, R= Positioning of the Circumcentre © Ifthe triangle is acute-angled triangle, then the circumcentre will lie inside the triangle. © Ifthe triangle is obtuse-angled triangle, then the circumcentre will lie outside the triangle. * Ifthe triangle is a right-angled triangle, then the circumcentre will lie on the mid-point of the hypotenuse. This can be seen through the following diagram: B c Here, Dis the circumcentre. So, AD = CD = BD Incentre Incentre is the point of intersection of the internal bisectors of the three angles of a triangle. The incentre is equidistant from the three sides of the triangle, that is the perpendiculars drawn from the incentre to the three sides are equal in length and are called the inradius of the triangle. The circle drawn with incentre as the centre and inradius as the radius is called the incircle of the triangle and it touches all the three sides from the inside. AB =, BC=a,CA=b To find inradius (r) A For any triangle r=, where A= Area of triangle and +b $= Semi-perimeter of the triangle 2+ side For equilateral triangle, ZBIC = 90° + 2A/2 Important derivation In a right-angled triangle, Inradius = Semiperimeter - length of Hypotenuse. Euler's formula for inradius and clrcumradius of a triangle Let 0 and I be the circumcentre and incentre of a triangle with circumradius R and inradius r. Let d be the distance between 0 and |. Then @=R(R-2r) From this theorem, we obtain the inequality r> 2r, This is known as Euler's inequality. 23 Centroid Centroid is the point of intersection of the three medians of a triangle. The centroid divides each of the medians in the ratio 2:1, the part of the median towards the vertex being twice in length to the part towards the side N 8 F AG _BG_ CD _2 GF GD GE 1 Median divides the triangle into two equal parts of the same area Orthocentre The point of concurrency of the altitudes is known as the orthocentre. Summarizing the above discussion regarding the points of the triangle: () Orthocent ‘The point of intersection of the three altitudes of the triangle is known as the orthocentre. ZAOB = 180-2 B B e a E ‘0’ is the orthocenter ) Centrold The point of intersection of the three medians of a triangle is called the centroid. A centroid divides each median in the ratio 2:1 (vertex: base) Ao COBO 2 OE OD OF 1 Bi f c ‘0’ is the centroid (ili) Incentre ‘The point of intersection of the angle bisectors of a ‘triangle is known as the incentre, Incentre 0 is the always equidistant from all three sides, that is the perpendicular distance between the sides. ‘O'is the incentre (iv) Circumcentre The point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle is called the circumcentre. OA = OB = OC = (circum radius), Circumcentre 0 is always equidistant from all the three vertices A, B, and C perpendicular bisectors need not be originating from the vertices. a 8 = c is the circumcentre Important Theorems Related to Triang! () 45° - 45° -90° Ifthe angles of a triangle are 45°, 45°, and 90°, then the hypotenuse (i.e., longest side) is V2 times of any smaller side, Excluding hypotenuse rest two sides are equal. That is, AB = BC and AC = v2 AB = V2 BC AB:BC:AC = 1:1: V2 A IX. ZA=45° 2B=90° 2C = 45° i) 30° - 60° - 90° Ifthe angles of a triangle are 30°, 60°, and 90°, then the sides opposite to 30° angle is half of the hypotenuse and the side opposite to 60° is ~~ AC times the hypotenuse, eg, AB -~ and AB:BC:AC = 1: v3: 2 ¢ IN ZC = 30%, 2B = 90°, 2A= 60° Basic proportionality theorem (BPT) Any line parallel to one side of a triangle divides the other two sides proportionally. So, if DE is drawn parallel to BC, then it would divide sides AB and AC aD proportionally, ie, = AD AF AD _ AB AB AC DF BC A Zs, B = c (iv) Mid-point theorem Any line joining the mid-points of two adjacent sides of a triangle are joined by a line segment, then this segment is parallel to the third side, that is if AD = BD and AE = CE, then DE||BC. A te B c () Apollonius’ theorem Inatriangle, the sum of the squares of any two sides ofa triangle is equal to twice the sum of the square of the median to the third side and square of half the third side, That is, AB? + AD? = 2 (AC? + BC?) & (vi) Stewarts theorem/generalization of Apollonius theorem Ifthe length of AP = m and PB = n, then m x CB? +n x Ace = (m+n) PC? + mn (m+n) Here, itis also understood that m and n are length of Segments, and not their ratio, lonius’ theorem In the given 4 ABC, AC, BE, and DF are medians, 3 (Sum of squares of sides) = 4 (Sum of squares of medians) 3 (AB? + AD? + DB2) = 4 (AC? + EB? + FD2) A (vill) Interior angle Bisector theorem Ina triangle, the angle bisector of an angle divides the opposite side to the angle in the ratio of the BD _ AB remaining two sides, that is = => = [* and BD x AC = CD x AB= AD? A 7 c (ix) Exterior angle Bisector theorem Ina triangle, the angle bisector of any exterior angle ofa triangle divides the side opposite to the external angle in the ratio of the remaining two sides, that is BE BC aE AC c Congruency of Triangles Two figures are said to be congruent if, when placed one over the other, they completely overlap each other. They would have the same shape, the same area and will be identical in all respects. So, we can say that all congruent triangles are similar triangles, but vice versa is not always true. Rules for Two Triangles to be Congruent as fin any two triangles, each side of one triangle is equal to a side of the other triangle, then the two triangles are congruent. This rule is $ -S-S rule. 2.S-A-S In. ABC and 4 ABD, AB = AB (common side) ZABC = Z BAD (given) BC = AD (given) ‘Therefore, by rule S- A S, the two triangles are congruent, ‘This rule holds true, when the angles that are equal have to be included between the two equal sides (i.e, the angle should be formed between the two sides that are equal) 3.A-S-A In ABC and 4 ADE, ZACB = ZAED (given) ZBAC = ZDAE (common angle) BC = DE (given) Therefore, by rule A- SA the two triangles are congruent. For this rule, the side need not be the included side, A-S-Acan be written as A- A-SorS-A- Aalso. 4.R-H_-SThis rule is applicable only for right- angled triangles. If two right-angled triangles have their hypotenuse and one of the sides as same, then the triangles will be congruent. Similarity of the Triangles If we take two maps of India of diff erent sizes (breadths and lengths), then the map of all the 29 states of India will cover proportionally the same percentage area in both the maps. Lets see this in geometry: Criteria for Similarity of Two Triangles 8 c a R ‘Two triangles are similar if (i) their corresponding angles are equal and/or (ii) their corresponding sides are in the same ratio. That is, ifin two triangles, ABC and PQR, (i) 2A=2P, 2B=2Q 2C= ZR, and/or AB _ BC _ CA (ii) So = = the two triangles are similar. PQ” OR” RP’ All regular polygons of the same number of sides such as equilateral triangles or squares, are similar. In particular, all circles are also similar. Theorems for Similarity 1. __If'in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, then their corresponding sides will also be proportional (Le, in the same ratio). Therefore, the two triangles are similar. This property is referred to as the AAA similarity criterion for two triangles. Corollary: If two angles of a triangle are, respectively, equal to two angles of another triangle, then the two triangles are similar. This is referred to as the AA similarity criterion for the two triangles. It is true due to the fact that if two angles of one triangle are equal to the two angles of another tri angle, then the third angle of both the triangles will automatically be the same. 2, Ifthe corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional (ie, in the same ratio), their correspond ing angles will also be equal and so the triangles are similar. This property is referred to as the SSS similarity criterion for the two triangles. 3.1f one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of the other and the sides including these angles are proportional, then the triangles are similar. This property is referred to as the SAS similarity crit of the two triangles. 4, The ratio of the areas of the two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their corre sponding sides. 5. Ifa perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right-angled triangle to the hypotenuse, the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to each other. rion lar Polygons Two polygons of the same number of sides are similar, if () their corresponding angles are equal e, they are equiangular) and ) their corresponding sides are in the same ratio (or proportional) This can be seen in the figures given below: Example 7 AABCis a right-angled triangle BD 1 AC. If AD = 8 cm and DC = 2 cm, then BD =? 8 c (a) 4em (b) 45 em (©) 5cm (4) Cannot be determined Solution 4 ADB ~ ABDC _ AD _ BD BD DC + BD2= AD x DC=8 x2 = BD? = 16 BD=4cm Important Result of this question BD? = AD x DC can be used as a standard result also. Example 8 Circles with radii 3, 4, and 5 units touch each other externally. IfP is the point of intersection of the tangents to these circles at their point of contact, find the distance of P from the point of contacts of the circles. Solution Let A,B, and Che the centres of the three circles. So, the point P will be the incentre of triangle ABC and distance of P from the point of contacts of the circles will be the inradius (r). 4 So,r=— 5 Sides of triangle ABC will be 7 units, 8 units and 9 units, So,r= v5 QUADRILATERALS AND THEIR PROPERTI A quadrilateral is a figure bounded by four sides. In the figure given below, ABCD is a quadrilateral. Line AC is the diagonal of the quadrilateral (denoted by d) and BE and DF are the heights of the triangles ABC and ADG, respectively (denoted by hs and ha) AC =, BE =h, and DE = hz 1 (i Area = x one diagonal x (sum of perpendiculars 1 to the diagonal from the opposite vertexes) = >d (hI +h2) 1 (ii) Area = «> product of diagonals x sine of the angle between them (lit) Area of the cyclic quadrilateral = Y@— OG — bY — OS — Dwhere a, b,c, and d are the sides of quadrilateral and s = semiperimeter _atbtctd 2 (iv) Brahmagupta's formula: For any quadrilateral with sides of length a, b,c,and d, the area A is given by A-/G-OG-DC-OG-O - abed cos? 3(A +B) atb+c+a Where s ==" is known as the semiperimeter, Ais the angle between sides a and d, and Bis the angle between the sides b and c. Different Types of Quadrilaterals Parallelogram A parallelogram is a quadrilateral when its opposite sides are equal and parallel. The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. Given: AD = BC =aand AB=DC=bBD=d AF (height of ABD) = CG (height of ACBD) and AE = height of the parallelogram = h ZADC=6 (i) Area = base height (ii) Area = (any diagonal) x (perpendicular distance to the diagonal from the opposite vertex) product of adjacent sides) x (sine of the angle between them) Area = AB sin q (iv) Area = 2,/s(s — a)(s — b)(s — d) where a and b are the adjacent sides and d is the diagonal. (v) AC? + BD? = 2(AB? + BC=) (vi) The parallelogram that is inscribed in a circle is a rectangle. (vii) The parallelogram that is circumscribed about a circle is a rhombus (viii) A parallelogram is a rectangle if is diagonals are equal. Rectangle A, 1 8 | lb o 7 c Arectangle is a quadrilateral when its opposite sides are equal and each internal angle equals 90°, The diago nals of a rectangle are equal and bisect each other. Given: AD = BC=b and AB= DC=1, BD=d (i Area = length « breadth Area = Ib (i) Perimeter = 2 (length + breadth) Perimeter = 2 (1 +b) (iii) Diagonal? = length? + breadth? (Pythagoras Theorem) d?=I? + b?d= VE +b? (iv) Finding area using Brahmagupta’ formula: In this case, we know that a= cand b= d,and A + B= 7. So, area of rectangle (a+b—a)(a+b—b)(at+b-a)atb—b)-ab.ab: =ab (v) The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid- points of intersection of the angle bisectors of a parallelogram is a rectangle. Square Assquare is a quadrilateral when all it ides are equal and each internal angle is of 90°. The diagonals of a square bisect each other at right angles (90°) A_a 8 Given: AB = BC = CD = Di BD (diagonal) = a v2 ,_ (diagonal)? _ (perimeter)? (i) Area = (side)? = “8 16 7 P Area =a?= = 216 (ii) Using Brahmagupta's formula to find out the area of a square: We know that a= dandA+B=7 So, area of square (8 — a)(s — b)(s — €)( — d) — abed cos? 5 (A+B) (iv) Diagonals intersect each other proportionatly in the ratio of the lengths of the parallel sides. (v) Ifa trapezium is inscribed inside a circle, then it is an isosceles trapezium with oblique sides being equal. (2a — a)(2a— a)(2a— a)(2a ~ a) — a.0.0.4.c05* } (A+ Bite (side) = Perimeter = 4a Arhombus is a quadrilateral when all sides are equal The diagonals of a rhombus bisects each other at right angles (90°) A aE op x (product of the diagonals) ‘Area = 5 di de (ii) Area = base * height Area=axh Gi) A parallelogram is a rhombus if its diagonals are perpendicular to each other. Remember, the sum of the square of the diagonals is equal to four time the square of the side, that is di? + dp? = 4a? Trapezium A trapezium is a quadrilateral in which only one pair ofthe opposite sides is parallel In Fig. 1, AF (height) = h, and in Fig. 2, BC (height) () Area = x (sum of the parallel sides) x (distance between the parallel sides) 4 ‘Area ==(a+b)h (i) The line joining the mid-points of the non-parallel sides is half the sum of the parallel sides and is known as median (iii) If we make non-parallel sides equal, then the diagonals will also be equal to each other. Kite is a quadrilateral when two pairs of adjacent sides are equal and the diagonals bisect each other at right angles (90°). Given: AB = AD =aand BC= DC=b C) and BD = d; (BO = OD) ZCOD = ZDOA=90° X (Product of the diagonals) ‘Area =2 ids Area of Shaded Paths Case | When a pathway is made outside a rectangle having length = land breadth = b 4 B cl > ABCD is a rectangle with length = and breadth = b, the shaded region represents a pathway of uniform width = W ‘Area of the shaded Case Il When ap: having length = 1 an My IN 2w (I+b- 2w) side a rectangle ee ABCD is a rectangle with length =| and breadth = b, the shaded region represents a pathway of uniform width = w Area of the shaded region/pathway = 2w (1 +b+2w) Case IIE When two pathways are drawn parallel to the length and breadth ofa rectangle having length land breadth = b i : Le V7] i oD! ic ABCD is a rectangle with length = | and breadth = b, the shaded region represents two pathways of a uniform width = w Area of the shaded region/pathway = W (I+ b- w) From the above figure, we can observe that the area of the paths does not change on shifting their positions as long as they are perpendicular to each other, We can conclude from here that: 1. Every rhombus is a parallelogram, but the converse is not true. 2. Every rectangle is a parallelogram, but the con verse is not true. 3, Every square is a parallelogram, but the converse is not true, 4. Every square is a rhombus, but the converse is not true, &, Every square is a rectangle, but the converse is not true. Construction of New Figures by Joining the Mid-points Lines joining the mid- Resulting figure points of adjacent sides of original figure Quadrilateral Parallelogram Parallelogram form Parallelogram Rectangle Rhombus Rhombus Rectangle ‘Trapezium Four similar A Properties of Diagonals Properties ‘Types of Quadrilaterals Square Recta Parallel Rhom Trape ngle ogram bus zium Diagonals equal Y Y oN Diagonals bisect Y Y Diagonalsbisect Y NON vertex angles Diagonalsatrt Y N ON Y oN angles Diagonals make Y N ON Y oN congruent. triangles CIRCLES AND THEIR PROPERTIES Acircle is the path travelled by a point which moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point remains constant. The fixed point is known as the centre and the fixed distance is called the radius. Before we move ahead, let us understand the basics defi- nitions of circle. Centre The fixed point is called the centre. In the given diagram, ‘0’ is the centre of the circle. Radius The fixed distance is called a radius. In the given, diagram, OP is the radius of the circle, (point P lies on the circumference) (<) Circumference The circumference of a circle is the distance around a circle, which is equal to 2mr, (r > radius of the circle) Secant Aline segment which intersects the circle in two distinct points is called as secant. In the given diagram, secant PQ intersects circle at two points at A and B. 8 Tangent A line segment which has one common point with the circumference of a circle, ic,, it touches only at only one point is called as tangent of circle. The common point is called as point of contact. In the given diagram, PQ is a tangent which touches the circle at a point R P RQ (Ris the point of contact) Note: Radius is always perpendicular to tangent, Chord Aline segment whose end points lie on the circle. In the given diagram, AB is a chor 8 Diameter ‘A chord which passes through the centre of the circle is called the diameter of the circle. The length of the diameter is twice the length of the radius. In the given diagram, PQ is the diameter of the circle. (0 is the centre of the circle) P, Are Any two points on the circle divides the circle into two parts, the smaller part is called as minor arc and the larger part is called as major arc. Itis denoted as ‘Arc’. In the given diagram PQ is are. Semiciret A diameter of the circle divides the circle into two equal parts. Each part is called a semicircle , WI , Central angle An angle formed at the centre of the circle is called the central angle, In the given diagram, ZAOB in the central angle a Inscribed angl When two chords have one common end point, then ‘the angle included between these two chords at the common point is called the inscribed angle. ABC is the inscribed angle by the arc ADC A (|) ic Measure of an arc Basically, it is the central angle formed by an arc, For example (a) measure of a circle = 360° (b) measure of a semicircle = 180° (c) measure of a minor arc = ZP0Q (d) measure of a major arc = 360 - 2POQ Ss Pp ‘a m(are PRQ) =m Z2POQ m(arc PSQ) = 360° -m (arc PRQ) Intercepted are In the given diagram, AB and CD are the two intercepted arcs, intercepted by ZCPD. The end points of the arc must touch the arms of 2CPD, i.e, CP and DP. Concentric circles Circles having the same centre at a plane are called the concentric circles. In the given diagram, there are two circles with radii and r? having the common (or same) centre, These are called as concentric circles. () e Congruent circles Circles with equal radii are called as congruent circles, ‘Segment of a circk A chord divides a circle into two regions. These two regions are called the segments of a circle: (a) major segment (b) minor segment. A quadrilateral whose all the four vertices lie on the circle D cy a iB Circumeircle A circle that passes through all the three vertices of a triangle. Therefore, the circumcentre is always equidistant from the vertices of the triangle. OA = OB = OC (circumradius) NF Incircle Acircle which touches all the three sides of triangle, .e,, all the three sides of a triangle are tangents to the circle is called an incrcle. Incirce is always equidistant from the sides of a triangle. A PB Now come to diff erent formula and theorems attached to circle: Circumference of a circle = 2nr Area of a circle = mr?, where r is the radius. Area ofa sector = mr? 360° xo Perimeter of a sector = 2r(4 + 1) UP... Area of a segment = Area of a sector OADB - Area of triangle OAB ‘Area of a segment = mr? 360° Common Tangents and Secants of Circles Depending upon the positioning of the circles, two or more than two circles can have a common tangent. Following is a list indicating the number of common tangents in case of two circles: SL Position of two Number of No. circles common tangents 1. Onecirclelies entirely Zero ide the other circle 2. Twocircles touch One internally 3. Twocirclesintersect in Two two distinct points 4. Twocirclestouch Three externally 5. Onecirclelies entirely Four outside the other circle Direct Common Tangents and Transverse Common Tangents Transverse common tangent Inthe figure given below, PQ and RS are the transverse common tangents. Transverse common tangents intersect the line joining the centre of the two circles. They divide the line in the ratio rs :rz ABBC= rst Assume AC = Distance between centres = d PQ?= RS? = d2-(r, +12)? 1, Direct common tangent In the figure given above, PQ and RS are direct common tangents. Points A and C are the point of tangency for the first circle and similarly, points B and D are the point of tangency for the second circle. AB and CD are known as lengths of the direct common tangents and they will be same CD? = AB? = d?- (r-12)? Secants In the figure given above, AB is a tangent and ACD is a secants (i) AB?= AC x AD (il) AE x AF = AC AD Important theorems related to circle 1. __If Cis the mid-point of AB, then OC is perpen dicular to AB. And vice versa is also true. A 8 2. Angles in the same segment will be equal. In the figure given above, a=. 3. Angle subtended by a chord at the centre is two times the angle subtended on the circle on the same side. In the figure given below, 2a = 2b = c. KA LX NS 4. Angle subtended by a diameter of the circle is aright angle. 5. Alternate segment theorem a QD In the figure above, AT is the tangent. Za = Alternate segment 2b Zc= alternate segment 2d 6. Converse of alternate segment theorem: Ifa line is drawn through an end point of a chord of a circle so that the angle formed by it with the chord is equal to the angle subtended by the chord in the alternate segment, then the line is a tangent to the circle P a5 a AB is a chord of a circle and a line PAQ such that ZBAQ= ZACB, where C is any point in the alternate segment ACB, then PAQ is a tangent to the circle. 7 Tangent drawn to a circle from a point are same in length In the figure below, tangents are drawn to the circle from point A and AT; and AT2 are the tangents. () AT: = AT? (ii) 21= 22 (iii) AT: 2+ OT; 2= AT2? + OT22= AO? Ifwe have a + b = 180° and quadrilateral AXBP has all its vertices on a circle, then such a quadrilateral is called a cyclic quadrilateral. For a cyclic quadrilateral, the sum of the opposite angles of a quadrilateral in a circle is 180°. It can also be seen that exterior CBE ZADC = 180° -Z ABC, Using Brahmagupta’s formula to find out the area of a cyclic quadrilateral We know that A +B=p.So, area of cyclic quadrilateral (s—a)(s — bY(s — c)(s — d) Where terms used are having their meaning. [Cos 90° = 0] ‘Summarizing the discussion regarding circ! 2. _Inacircle (or congruent circles) equal chords, are made by equal arcs. (OP = 0Q) = (O'R = 0'S) PQ= RS and PQ = RS be) B ac) 2. Equal arcs (or chords) subtend equal angles at the centre PQ = AB (or PQ = AB) Z2POQ = ZAOB 8 3. The perpendicular from the centre of a circle toa chord bisects the chord, ie, if OD AB (OD is perpendicular to AB). IS 7 Es 4. The line joining the centre of a circle to the mid-point of a chord is perpendicular to the chord AD=DBOD 1 AB & 8 q 5. Perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the centre, ie, OD 4 ABand AD = DB Qis the centre of the circle. ear circles) are equidistant from the centre. 7. Equidistant chords of a circle from the centre are of equal length, IfOD=OR, then 8 The angle subtended by an arc (the degree measure of the arc) at the centre ofa circle is twice the angle subtended by the arc at any point on the remaining part of the circle. m ZAOB =2m ZACB. A d “e\ x a 9. Angle in a semicircle is a right angle. 10, 10, Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal, ie, ZACB = ZADB 14, __Ifalline segment joining two points subtends equal angle at two other points lying on the same side of the line containing the segment, then the four points lie on the same circle ZACB = ZADB Points A, C, D, and B are concyclic, ie, lie on the circle, a 12. The sum of pair of opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°. ZDAB + ZBCD = 180° ZABC + ZCDA = 180° (Inverse of this theorem is also true) oO 3. Equal chords (or equal arcs) of a circle (or congruent circles) subtended equal angles at the centre AB = CD (or AB = CD) ZAOB = COD {Inverse ofthis theorem is also true) 6 44. tasideota cyclic quadrilateral is produced, then the exterior angle is equal to the interior opposite angle m CDE =m ABC 8 iC x DE 25. Atangentat any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. (Inverse of this theorem is also true.) 16. The lengths of two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal, that is AP = BP. > 7. Iftwo chords AB and CD ofa crcl, intersect inside ace (outside the circle when produced at a point E), then AE x BE = CE x DE. 418. If PB bea secant which intersects the circle at Aand Band PT bea tangent at T, then PA x PB = (Ty. DS 19. Froman external point from which the tangents are drawn to the circle with centre O, then (a) they subtend equal angles at the centre (b) they are equally inclined to the line segment joining the centre of that point 2AOP = BOP and ZAPO = BPO. ~~. = 20, If Pis an external point from which the tangents to the circle with centre O touch it at A and B then OP is the perpendicular bisector of AB. OP 1 AB and AC = BC If from the point of contact of a tangent, a chord i drawn then the angles which the chord makes with the tangent line are equal respectively to the angles formed in the corresponding alternate segments. In the adjoining diagram, BAT = ZBCA and ZBAP = ZBDA ea WZ 22. The point of contact of two tangents lies on the straight line joining the two centres, (a) When two circles touch externally then the distance between their centres is equal to sum of their radii, Le, AB=AC+BC. P : la * (b) When two circles touch internally the distance between their centres is equal to the difference between their radii, ie, AB = AC-BC Pp ae BZ Q 23. For the two circles with centre Xand Y and radii r: and ro AB and CD are two Direct Common Tangents (DCT), then the length of DCT = \ Gistance between centres) — (r — 7%)" 7a ic D 24. For the two circles with centre X and Y and radii r and r2 PQ and RS are two transverse common, tangent, then length of TCT (distance between centres)? — (ry — 7)" Previous year questions 1 10, 1 12, Bhuvnesh has drawn an angle of measure 45°27" when he was asked to draw an angle of 45°. The percentage error in his drawing is (a) 0.5% — (b) 1.0% (15% (a) 20% Ina regular polygon, the exterior and interior angles aren the ratio 1:4. The number of sides of the polygon is @)5 (b)10 3 @s ‘The sides ofa triangle are in the ratio 3:4: 6. The triangle is (a) acute -angled (©) obtuse- angled angled Ifthe length ofthe three sides of triangle are 6 cm,8 cm and 10 cm, then the length ofthe median to its greatest side is (@8an — (b)6em (Sem (@) 48cm Ifthe circumradius of an equiateral triangle be 10 em than the measure ofits radius is? (a)5cm — (b) 10cm (c)20em (a) 15 em © ‘and Care respectively the orthocenter and the Circumeenter of an acute-angled triangle PQR. The points P and 0 are joined and produced to meet the side QR atS.fa ZPQS= 60° and 2 OCR = 130°, then ZRPS = (30° (b) 35° (c) 100° _(@)60° In ABC, AD isthe internal bisector of 2A, meeting the (b) right- angled (@) either acute- angled or right side BC at D, If BD = 5 em, BC = 7.5 cm, then AB : ACs, @)21 (1:2 (45 (a)3:5 Tisthe in center of ABC, ZAR 50° Then ZBICis (ss (by 125° (O70 (dos The in-radius ofan equilateral triangle length 3 cm. Then the length of each ofits medians is (120m (6) 9/2em (Q4cm (a) 9am Two medians AD and BE of AABC intersect at G at right angles, IFAD = 9cm and BE = 6 cm, then the length of BD (in cm) is @o 6 Os 3 The difference between the interior and exterior angles ata vertex ofa regular polygon is 150°, The number of sides ofthe polygon is @io O15 (24 (30 Each interior angle of a regular polygon is 144°. The number of sides ofthe polygon is @8 9 (10 @iu 0° and ZACB = 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. 24. 22. 23. 24, If the sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon be 1080”, the number sides of the polygon is (a6 we (0 @z ‘The number of sides in two regular polygons 33 are in the ratio of 5: 4, The difference between their Interior angles of the polygon is 6°. Then the number of sides {a)15,12 (b)5,4 {10,8 (a) 20,16 Each internal angle of regular polygon is two times its external angle. Then the number of sides of the polygon is (a8 (6 (5 @7 Ratio of the number of sides of two regular polygons is 5:6 and the ratio of their each interior angle is 24 : 25 ‘Then the number of sides of these two polygons are (a) 10,12 (b) 20,24 (91518 (a) 3542 Measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon can never be (a) 150° (b) 105: (108° (a) 144° ‘The length of the diagonal BD of the parallelogram ABCD is 18 cm. IfP and Qare the centroid of the ABC and AADC respectively then the length of the line segment PQ is {a)4cm — (b)6cm {99cm — (a) 12cm ‘The side AB of a parallelogram ABCD is produced to E in such way that BE = AB, DE intersects BC at Q The point Q divides BC in the ratio {a1:2 (B11 (23 2a ABCD is a cyclic trapezium such that AD Il BC, if 2ABC = 70°%then the value of ZBCD is {a)60°(b) 70° (940° (a)80° ABCD is a cyclic trapezium whose sides AD and BC are parallel to each other. If ZABC = 72°,then the 2BCD Is {a) 162° (b) 18° (9108 (@)72" Ifan exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral be 50°, then the interior opposite angle is (a) 130° (b) 40° (950° (@) 90" ABCD is a rhombus. A straight line through C cuts AD produced at P and AB produced at Q. If DP= (1/2) AB, then the ratio of the length of BQ and AB is (2a) 12 (1 @3a Ina quadrilateral ABCD, with unequal sides ifthe diagonals AC and BD intersect at right angle then (@) AB? +BC*+ = CD%DA? — (b) AB? 4CD#+ = BC? + DA? (0) AB? +AD2% = BC? +cD? BC?+=2(CD#*DAr) (a) ABE + 2s. 26. 27. 28. 29, 30. 31. 32. 33. 34, 35, 36. The ratio ofthe angles 2A and 2B ofa non-square thombus ABCD is 4:5,then the value of 2Cis (a)so°(b) 45° (980° (a) 95° ABCD isa rhombus whose side AB= 4cm and ZABC = 120°, then the length of diagonal BD is equal to (a1em — (b)2em (93cm (@)4em The length ofa chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle, The angle which this chord subtends in the major segment ofthe circle is equal to (30° (b) 45° (960° (@90° ‘AB = 8 cm, and CD = 6 cm are two parallel chords on the same side of the center ofa circle. The distance between them is 1 cm The radius of the circle is: (Sem (b)4em (93cm (@)2em The length of two chords AB and AC ofa circle are 8 Cmand 6 cmand 2BAC=90°, then the radius of circle (@)25 em (b) 20cm (4em — (@) Sem The distance between two parallel chords of length 8 cm each ina circle of diameter 10 cm is, (a)6em — (b)7em (Q8cm — (@) 55cm The radius of two concentric circles is 9.em and 15 em. Ifthe chord of the greater circle be a tangent to the smaller circle, then the length of that chord is (24m (b) 12em (930m (a) 18cm Ifchord of a circle of radius 5 em isa tangent to another circle of radius 3 cm, both the circles being concenteic, then the length of the chord is (a) 10cm (b) 12.5em (98cm (@)7em The two tangents are drawn at the extremities of diameter AB of a circle with center P. Ifa tangent to the circle at the point C intersects the other two tangents at Q and R, then the measure ofthe 2QPRis (4s (b) 60° (290° (@) 180° AB isa chord toa circle and PAT is the tangent to the circle at A. If 2 BAT = 75° and 2BAC = 45° and C being appoint on the circle, then ZABCis equal to (407 (b) 45° (960° (a) 70° The tangents at two points A and B or the circle with center O intersects at P, fin quadrilateral PAOB, ZAOB : £APB=5: 1,then measure of ZAPB is : (30° (b) 60" 4s @is Two circles touch each other externally at point A and. PQisa direct common tangent which touches the circles at P and, Q respectively. Then 2 PAQ= (ase (b) 90° (280° (a) 100° 37, 38, 39, 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. PRis tangent to a circle, with center O and radius 4 em, atpoint Q.IF 2POR=90°, OR= 5 cm and OP =20/3 m, then (in em) the length of PRis @3 (b) 16/3 (23/3 (a) 25/3 ‘Two chords AB and CD of circle whose center is 0, meetat the point Pand ZAC = 50*, 2BOD = 40° Then the value of 2BPD is (a) 60° (b) 40° (4s (@ 75" A straight line parallel to BC of A ABC intersects AB and AC at points P and Q respectively. AP = QC, PB = 4 Units and AQ = Sunits, then the length of AP is (2)25 units (6) 3 units ()6units (a) 6.5 units The circumcenter of triangle ABCis 0. If 2BAC= 85° and 2BCA 75° then the value of OACis (a)40°—(b) 60° (970° (0) 90° Ois the in center of A ABC and 2A=30" then 2BOC is (a) 100° (b)105° {9110 (@)90" Let O be the in-center of a triangle ABC and D bea point on the side BC of A ABC, such that OD 1 BC,If BOD= 15%, then MABC= (a) 75°” (b) 45° (150° (a) 90° Ina triangle ABC, in center is O and then the measure of ZBAC Is. (a)20°(b) 40" (955° (a) 110° ‘The points D and E are taken on the sides AB and AC of ABC such that AD = (1/3) AB, AE =(1/3)AC. ifthe length of BCis 15cm, then the length of DE is, fa) 10cm (b) Bem (6em (a) Sem Disany point on side AC of A ABC. if P,Q.XY are the midpoint of AB,BC,AD and DC respectively , then the ratio of PX and QY is, (@1:2 (b)1:1 (2:1 (@)23 In A ABC, PQis parallel to BC. IFAP : PB = 1:2and AQ =3 cm; ACis equal to (@)6em (b) 9m (12cm (a) Bem Ifthe orthocenter and the centroid ofa triangle are the same, then the triangle is, {@) Scalene ()Equilateral _—_(b) Right angled (4) Obtuse angled if ina triangle, the orthocenter lies on vertex, then the triangle is (a) Acute angled (6) Isosceles (Right angled (4) Equilateral ifthe incenter ofan equilateral triangle lies inside the triangle and its radius is 3 cm, then the side ofthe equilateral triangle is (2) 9V3.cm_(b) 6¥3 em (9 3V3.em (4) 6cm 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 87, 58, 59, 60. 61. 62. If ABC is an isosceles triangle with 2C=90° and |AC= 5 cm, then ABis: (@)Sem | (b) 10cm (9) 5V2em (4) 25 cm Ifthe circumcenter of a triangle lies out triangle is (a) Equilateral —_(b) Acute angled ()Right angled (d) Obtuse angled Tisthe incenter of a triangle ABC. If ZAC ZABC=65° Ifthen the value of 2 BICis, eit, then the 55° (a) 130° (b) 12 (140° (a) 110° InAABC, ZBAC= 90° and AB = (1/2) BC,Then the measure of ZACB is (@)60° —(b) 30" 4s (a 15° The length of the three sides of aright angled triangle are (X-2) cm, (x) cm and (x+2) cm respectively. Then the value of xis (@10 ye (4 (ao Suppose 4 ABC be a right-angled where 2A = 90° and ‘AD LBC IFar (A ABC) = 40cm2,ar(A ACD) = 10 cm? and AC = 9 em, then the length of BC is (a) 12cm (b) 18cm (©) 4em (a) 6em Inatriangle ABC, 2BAC = 90° and AD is perpendicular to BC. IFAD= 6em and BD =4cm then the length of BC (8m —(b) 10cm (99cm (@)13em Inaright angled triangle ABC, ZABC=90° AB=3cm |BC=4,CA=5, BN is perpendicular to AC, AN:NC is (at () 9:16 (93:16 (@it For a triangle base is 6V'3 cm and two base angles are 30° and 60°. Then height ofthe triangle is (a)3V3 em (b)4.5em (4V3em (a2V3em ABCis aright angled triangled , right angled at Cand pis the length of the perpendicular from Con AB. If aband care the length ofthe sides BC,CA and AB respectively then (a) 1/p2=1/b2-1/a2 (b) 1/p% A/a? + 1/b? (©) 1/p2 1/at= 1/2 (@) 1/p=t/a2-1/b? Each interior angle of a regular polygon is three times its exterior angle, then the number of sides of the regular polygon is (a9 (es (10 (@7 The sum of an interior angles of a regular polygon is twice the sum ofall its exterior angles, The number of sides of the polygon @10 8 12 — (@eo The ratio between the number of sides of two regular polygons is 1:2 and the ratio between there interior anglesis 2:3 . the number of sides of these polygons is respectively 63. 64, 65. 66. 67. 68. 69, 70, n 72, 73, (612 (&)5,10 (48 (@7,l4 ABCD is a cyclic parallelogram. The angle 2 B is equal to: (a)30° —(b) 60° (45° (a) 90" ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and 0 is the center of the circle. f Z COD = 140° and 2 BAC = 40° then the value of < BCD is equal to (70° (b) 90° (960° (a) 80° 66 ABCD isa trapezium whose side AD is parallel to BC, Diagonals AC and BD intersects at 0. If AO =3,CO =X-3,BO = 3x — 19 and DO=x- 5, the value(s) of x will be (7.6 — (b) 12,6 (7.10 (@eas Two equal circles of radius 4 cm intersect each other such that each passes through the center of the other, The length of the common chord is (a)2v3.em_ (b) 4V3 em (9 2v2cm (8m One chord of circle is known to be 10.1 em. The radius of this circle must be ; (@)Sem — (b)greater than 5 em (€) greater than or equal to 5 em em The length of the chord ofa circle is 8 em and perpendicular distance between center and the chord Js 3 cm, Then the radius ofthe circle is equal to: (4am (b)Sem (96cm (a) Bem The length of the common chord of two intersecting circles is 24 cm. Ifthe diameter of the circles are 30 cm and 26 em, then the distance between the center (in em)is (13 @)14 (15 (@16 Ina circle of radius 21 Cm and arc subtends an angle of 72° atthe center. The length of the arcis (a)21.6em (b) 264.cm (6) 132m (@) 1988.cm Aunique circle can always be drawn through x number of given non-collinear then x must be (a2 (b)3 (o4 j@1 Two parallel chords are drawn in a circle of diameter 30 cm. The length of one chord is 24 cm and the distance between the two chords 21cm, the length of the chord is {a)10em —(b)18em (120m (a)16em If two equal circles whose centres are 0 and intersect each other at the point A and B OO'=12em and AB =16em then the radius ofthe circle is {a)10em —(b)8em (120m (a)14en (a) less than 5 74, 15. 16. 71. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83, 84, Chords AB and CD of circle intersect externally at P. iFAB =6 cm, CD =em and PD=5cm then the length of PBis (a)Sem —(b) 7.35em (6m (a) 4em AB and CD are two parallel chords on the opposite sides of the center of the circle. If AB = 10cm \CD=24em and the radius ofthe circle is 13 em, the distance between the chords is (a)t7em_—(B)15 ()l6em —_ (d)18em Two circle touch each other externally at P, ABis a direct common tangent to the two circle, Aand B are point of contact and 2PAB= 35° then ZABP is (35° (55° (65° (arse Ifthe radii of two circles be 6 em and 3 em and the length the transverse common tangent be 8 cm, then the distance between the two centers is (W145 em (b) 140 em (9V150 em (@)V135 om The distance between the center of must have two equal circles each of radius 3cm is, 10 cm. The length ofa trans verse common tangent is (@8em —(b) 10 (G4cm (dem ‘The radii of two circle are 5 cm and 3 cm, the distance between their center is 24cm. then the length of the ‘transverse common tangent is (16cm (6) 15 V2em (916 V2.em (a)isem ACis diameter ofa circum circle of SABC. Chords BD is parallel to the diameter ACif 2 CBE =50° then the measure of ZDECis (a)50° (6) 90° (c)60° (a) 40" The length of the two sides forming the right angle of aright angled triangle are 6cm and 8cm. the length ofits circum-radius is : (San (b)7em (96cm (@) 10cm The length of radius ofa, circum circle of a triangle having sides 3 em, 4em and Sem is: (a)2em (6) 25m (93cm — (a)1.Sem Pand Q are center of two circles with radii 9 mand 2 cm respectively, where PQ =17 cm, Ris the center of another circle of radius x em, which touches each of the above two circles externally. If 2 PRQ= 90°, then the value of xis (a4em —(b)6em (Q7cm (a) Bem Two line segments PQ and RS intersect at Xin such a way thatXP=XR,If 2 PSX = 2 RQX, then one must have (@PR=QS (b) PS= RQ (6) 2XSQ = ZXRP (4) ar (APXR) = ar (AQXS) 85. 86. 87. 88. 89, 90. 1 92, 93. 94, 95, 96. 97. Ina AABC, AB?+ AC? = BC? AND BC=V2AB,THEN 2 ABCIS (a)3o°—(b)45° (960° (a)90° Two chords AB and CD of a circle with center 0 intersect each other at the point P,if 2 AOD=20° and 2 BOC =30° then 2 BPC is equal to: (soe (b)20° (25° (a) 30° ABCD is a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle with center 0.if 2COD = 120° and 2 BAC =30" then BCD (75° (b)90° {Q120° _ (@60° IfAABCis similar to ADEF, such that 2A=47° and ZE = 63°Then 2Cis equal to (40° (b) 70° (96s? (a)37° The internal bisectors of ZABC and ZACB of AABC meet each other at 0,If 2B0C = 110°, then 2 BAC is equal to fa) 40° (b) 55° (990° (a) 110° In ABC, 2B = 60° and ZC= 40°. IFAD and AE be respectively the internal bisector of ZA and perpendicular on BC, then the measure of PQ (a) PT=PQ 156.The length of the tangent drawn to a circle of radius 4 cm from a point 5 em away from the center of the circle is (a)3em_— (b)4¥2em (e)5v2em (a) 3V2.cm 7m a point P, two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle with center O. If OP is equal to diameter of the circle, then ZAPB is (45° (b) 90° 157. {930° (@) 60" 158. The radii oftwo concentric circles are 13 cm, and 8 cm. AB isa diameter of the bigger circle and BD is a tangent to the smaller circle touching it at D and the bigger circle at E, Point A is joined to D. The length of ADis {a)20em (b) 19cm (9 18em (a) 17cm 159,PQ isa chord of length 8 cm of circle with center O and radius 5 cm. The tangents at P and Q intersect ata point T. The length of TP is {a) 20/3 cm (b)21/4 em (0) 10/3 cm (a) 15/4 em 160. The maximum number of common tangents drawn to two circles when both the circles touch each other externally is (1 (2 (93 j@o (161. I and O are respectively the incenter and circumcenter ofa triangle ABC. The line Al produced intersects the circumcirce of 4 ABC the poine D. If BABC= x° , BID=y°, DBOD= 2°, then (z#x)/y =? (a)3 (b)1 (2 (a4 162. The radius of the cireumeircle ofa right angles twiangle is 15 om and the radius ofits in- cele is 6 cm. Find the sides of the triangle (a) 30, 40, 41 (b) 18, 24, 30 (€)30,24,25 (d) 24, 36,20 163. If the & ABC is right angled at B, find its circumradius if the sides AB and BC are 15 em and 20 cm respectively. (ase (by20em (c)1Scem = (d) 12.5em 164. Ifthe circumradius of an equilateral triangle ABC he 8 cm, then the height ofthe triangle is {ay16em —(b) 6em (c)Bem (a) 12cm 165. Triangle PQR circumscribes a circle with center O and radius rem such that BPQR=90" if PQ jem, QR=4em,then the value of ris; (a2 (b) 15 25 @t 166. The radius of two concentric circles are 17cm and 10cm. a straight line ABCD intersect the larger circle atthe point A and D and intersects the smaller circle atthe point Band C.ifBC=12cm, then the length of AD (in cm) is (a) 20 (b) 24 ()30 (a) 34 167.P and Q are center of two circles with radii 9 cm and 2, cm respectively, where PQ =17 cm, Risthe center of another circle of radius X em, which touches each of the above two circles externally. If EPRQ = 90°, then the value of xis {a)4em —(b)6cm ()7em — (d)8em 168. Internal bisectors of angles 1B and BCofa triangle ABC meet at 0. If GBAC = 80° then the value of @ BOC is (a) 120° (b) 140° (110° (a) 130° 169.The chords AB, CD ofa circle with center O intersect each other at P. ZADP=23° and 2ACP=70®, then the ZBCD is (ayase (647° (957° (@)67" 170.Ina 0 ABC 2A:2B:2C = 2:3:4, Aline CD drawn || to ‘AB, then the ZACD is: (ayaor—(b)60" (80° (a) 20° 171.In ABC, ZBAC=75°, 2 ABC=45*,BC is produced to D. if ZACD=x° then x/3% of 60° is (30° (b) 48° (1s @2e 172. Ina 6 ABC, AB =AC and BA is produced to D such that ‘AC=AD. then the 2 BCD is (a) 100° (b) 60° (980° (a) 90° 173.Ina A ABC, ZA+ 2B =65", 2B+2C=140 then find 2B, (a)40°(b) 25° (935° (@)20° 174.Ina triangle ABC, 2A =90®, £¢ the value of 3BAD? (a)35° —(b) 60° (45° (a) 55° 175.1f0 be the circumcenter ofa triangle PQR and BQOR = 110°, BOPR = 25°, then the measure offi PRQ is (a)65° —(b) 50° (955° (a) 60" 176.1n the following figure, AB is the diameter of a circle Whose center is 0 If GAOE = 150°, DAO = 51° then the measure of a BCBE is: D 5°, AD L BC, What is (115° (b) 110° (105° (a) 120° 177. In a triangle ABC, BC is produced to D so that CD = AC. If BBAD = 111° and GACB = 80° then the measure of BABCis (31 (b)33° (35° @a2x 178,In aA ABC, 2A+ £B=145° and £C+22B =180°, State which one of the following relations is true? (a) CA=AB (b) CAAB 179. 2A, 2B, 2C are three angles ofa triangle, if 2A - 2B 5°, 2B- 2C =30°, then 2A,2B and 2C are (a) 80°,60°,40° " (b) 70",50" ,60° (2)80°,65",35" (a) 80°, 35°, 45° 180.All sides of a quadrilateral ABCD touch a circle, IF AB = 6m, BC= 755 cm, CD =3 em, then DA is (35cm (b)45cm (25cm (4) 15cm 181. Dis a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that ‘AD L BC, Eis a point on AD for which AE: ED =5:1.1f 2BAD = 30° and tan ZACB = 6 tan 2 DBE, then ZACB (30° (b) 45° {960° (aise 182. fin A ABC, ZABC=5 2ACB and 2BAC=3 ZACB, then ZABC=?(a}130° —_(b) 80° (c) 100° (4) 120° 183. The exterior angles obtained on producing the base BC ofa triangle ABC in both ways are 120° and 105°,then the vertical 2A ofthe triangle is measure (36° (b) 40° (45 (@ss* 184. IFAD, BE and CF are medians of & ABC, then which one of the following statements is correct? (a) (AD + BE +CF) AB +BC+CA (c)AD + BE+ CF=AB+ BC+ CA (d) AD + BE + CF = V2 (AB+BC+CA) 185. In A ABC, the internal bisectors of 2ABC and ZACB meet at land 2 BAC = 50°, The measure of ZBIC is (a) 105° (b) 115° (125° (a) 130° 186. Inside a triangle ABC, a straight line parallel to BC Intersects AB and AG at the point P and Q respectively. If AB=3PB,thenPQ:BCis (a)1:3 (b) 3:4 (12 (23 187.1n A ABC, DE || AC, D and E are two points on AB and CB respectively, IfAB = 10 cm and AD = 4 cm, then BE CEis {2:3 (b)2:5 (52 @3z 188. For a triangle ABC, D and E are two points on AB and [AC such that AD =1/4AB,AE=1/4AC. If BC=12cm, then DE Is @5em — (b)4em (3cm (a) 6em 189. If be the incenter of A ABC and 2 B=70° anda 2€=50°, then the magnitude of BIC is @ 130° (b) 60° (120° (a) 105° 190.For a triangle ABC, D, E, Fare the mid - points of its sides. if 4 ABC = 24 sq, units then 4 DEF is (a)4'sq, units (b) 6 sq, units (©) 8 sq. units (@) 12 sq, units 191. The angle in a semi-circle is (a)areflex angle (b) an obtuse angle ()anacute angle (a) aright angle 192. Angle between the internal bisectors of two angles of a triangle 2B and £C is 120°, then 2Ais f@)20° — (b) 30" 60" (a) 90" 193. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2: 3:7 The ‘measure of the smallest angle is (30° (b) 60" (45° (a) 90" 194,In a4 ABC, AB = BC, 2 B= x° and A= (2x—20)*, Then 2B is (@sa (30° (940° (aaa 195. IFAD isthe median ofthe triangle ABC and G be the centroid, then the ratio of AG: AD is (@1:3 21 (R223 196.Two supplementary angles ae inthe ratio 2:3. The angles are (a) 33°57" (b) 66", 114° (972,108 (a) 36°,54° 4197-Ina triangle ABC, in median is AD and centroid is O, AO=10cm.Thelength of OD (inem)is (a) 6 4 os @33 198. In triangle, if orthocenter, circumcenter, incentre and centroid coincide, then the triangle must be (a)obtuse angled —_(b) isosceles (c) equilateral (d) right angled 199. If ABC is an equilateral triangle and P, Q, R respectively denote the middle points of AB, BC, CA, then (a) PQR must be an equilateral triangle (b) PQ+ QR=PR+AB (6) PQ +QR = PRIZAB (@) PQR must be aright angled 200.Let ABC be an equilateral triangle and AX, BY,CZ be the altitude, Then the right statement out of the four given ()AX=BY=CZ—(b) AX #BY=CZ (QAx=BY2CZ (A) AX BY 2 CZ 201.ABCis an equilateral triangle and CD is the internal bisector of 2c IFC is produced to E such that AC = CE, then ZCAE is equal to (ase (0) 75" (c) 30° (d)1s° 202.G isthe centroid ofthe equilateral & ABC. IfAB = 10 em then length of AG is {a)5 V3 /3 cm (b) 10V3 /3 cm (9 $V3.em (4) 10V3 cm 203. The radius of the incirle of the equilateral triangle having each side 6 em is {a) 2V3 em (b) ¥3 cm (c) 6V3 Cm (d) 2cm_ 204. f the three medians of triangle are same, then the triangle is (a) equilateral (b) isosceles (c) right- angled (d) obtuse-angle 205.1f A FGH is isosceles and FG <3 cm, GH = 8 cm, then of| the following the true relation i. (a) GH= FH (b) GF=GH (0) FH> GH (4) GH x) (@) (he+x2)/2h meter (b) (h?-x)/2h meter (© (2)/ 4h meer —_—_ (a) (b?2)/4h meter 257. The side BC of triangle ABCis extended to D. if @ACD= 120° and AABC=4 (BCAB), then the value of BABCis (aj30°—(b) 40" (60° (a) 20" 258.In & ABC, Dis the mid-point of B, Length AD is 27 cm. Nis apointin AD such thatthe length of DN is 12 cm, The distance of N from the centroid of & ABC is equal to (@)3cm —(b)6em ()9em — (d) 15cm 259. Internal bisectors of BQ and GR of & PQR intersect at 0. If BROQ = 96° then the value of BRPQ is (a) 12 (b) 24 (c) 36° (d) 6° 260.1 ,E and Fare the mid point of BC, CA and AB respectively ofthe & ABC. The ratio of area of the parallelogram DEFE and area ofthe trapezium CAFD is: (a) 1:2 (b) 3:4 ():3 (d)2:3 261. Ifthe measure ofthree angles ofa triangle are in the ratio 2:35 then the triangle is (obtuse angle (3ifter ator FRY) 0) Equilateral (Berang FRI) (Qrightangled Grater Ba) (a) isosceles rrefaaTE 262. Ifthe three angles ofa triangle are: (x+15) °, ((6x/5}+6) ° and ((2x/3)+30) ° then the triangle is @) isosceles (b) equilateral (©)rightangled _(d) scalene 263.G is the centroid of & ABC. The medians AD and BE intersect a right angles. Ifthe lengths of AD and BE are 9 em and 12 cm respectively then the length of AB (incm) is? @u 10 (g10s (aos 264. Among the equations x+ 2y +9 = 0; 5x — 4=0; 2y- 13 = 0; 2x-3y = 0, The equation of the straightline passing through origin is (2y-13 (b)x+2y+9=0 (Q2x-3y=0 (a) 5x -4 265. The area of the triangle Formed by the graphs of the equations x= 0,2x+3y=6andx+y=3is; (2) 159. unit (0) 3sq, units (©)9/2sq.units (4) 3/2 sq, units 266.In A ABC, D and E are two mid points of sides AB and {AC respectively. If 2BAC = 60° and BABC =65° then CED is: (125° @)75* (105° (a) 130° 267.Civen that : AABC® APQR, (area A PQR)/ (area AABC) = 256/441 and PR = 12 cm, then ACis equal to? (a) 12 Vem (6) 155 em (16cm (a) 15.75 em 268. The internal angle bisectors of the BB and BC ofthe A ‘ABC intersect at 0, IFA = 100°, then the measure of BOCs (110° @)140° © 130° (a) 120° 269.0 is the Incenter of A PQR and ZQOR= 50° then the measure off QOR is {a)125° — (b) 100° (130° (a) 115° 270.0 is the circumcenter of A ABC. If BAC = 85°, B BCA = 758, the BOAC is equal to (a) 70° (b) 60° (c) 50° (d) 40° 271.AC isa transverse common tangent to two circle with centers P and Q and radii 6 em and 3 em at the point A and C respectively. If AC cuts PQ at the point B and AB =8 cm, then the length of PQ is: (12cm (b) 15cm (Q)13em (a) 10cm 272.AB and CD are two parallel chords ofa cicle lying on the opposite side of the center and the distance between them is 17 cm. The length of AB and CD are 10 em 24 em respectively. The radius (in cm) of the circle is: (a3 18 (9 (@1s 273. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Diagonals AC and BD meet at P. If 2APB = 110° and @CBD = 30°,then @ADB. (70° (b) 55° (930° (@a0" 274."The area of the triangle formed by the graphs of the equations x=4,y= 3 and 3x +4y = 12is: (a)6sq.units —(b) 4sq.units (Q)3squnits (a) 12sq. units 275. Ifa clock started at noon, then the angle turned by hour hand at 3:45 PM is: (a) 209/2° (6) 95/2" (c)225/2" (a) 235/2° 276.1n A ABC, aline through A cuts the side BCat D such that BD: DC= 4:5 ifthe area of A ABD=60cm? then the area of A ADCis: 7A 8? (a)50cm?(b) 60 em? (6) 75cm? (a) 90 cm? 277.The measure of an angle whose supplement is three times as large as its complement, is (30°) 45° (60 (a) 75" 278.4 tangents drawn to a circle of radius 6 cm froma point situated ata distance of 10 cm from the center of the circle. The length of tangent will be (tem — (0) Sem (98cm (@)7em 279.4 square is inscribed in a quarter circle in such a ‘manner that two of its adjacent vertices lie on the two radii at an equal distance from the center, while the other two vertices lie on the circular arc. Ifthe square has sides of length x, then the radius ofthe circle is: (a)t6x/Gr+ 4) (b) 2x/ve (9 V5x/v2 (a) V2x 280. wo chords of length a unit and b unit ofa circle make angles 60° and 90° at the center ofa circle respectively, then the correct relation is: (a) b=v2a (b)b=2a ()b=V3.a (a) b=3/2a 281. The measures of two angles ofa triangle isin the ratio 4:5, Ifthe sum of these two measures is equal to the measure of the third angle. Find the smallest angle. (a)90°(b) 50° (10° @aor 282.ABC isa triangle and the sides AB, BC and CA are produced to E,F and G respectively. If 2CBE = BACF =130°, then the value of GAB is: (a) 100° (b) 80° {9130 (a) 90" 283. two medians BE and CF of a triangle ABC, intersect each other at G and if BG = CG, BBGC = 60°, BC = 8 cm then area of the triangle ABC is: (a)96V3 cm? (b)43V3 cm® ()48.cm* (@)S4V3 cm? 284. Internal bisectors of @Q and BR of POR intersect at 0.1 DROQ=96" then the value of BRPQ is (ize (24 36 (@e 285.ABC isa cyclic triangle and the bisectors of B BAC, ABC and MIBCA meet the circle at P, Qand R respectively. Then the angle ZRPQ is (2)90°-(B/2) (b)90°#(C/2) ()90°-(4/2) (a)90°+(8/2) 286. The ratio of each interior angle to each exterior angle ofa regular polygon is 3:1. The number of sides of the polygon is: (a6 (b)7 (8 j@o 287. Two circles touch externally , the sum of their areas is 130cm? and the distance between their centers is 14 cm. the radius of the smaller circle is (a)2cm —(b)3cm (O4em_ — (a)Sem 288.XY and XZ are tangents to a circle. ST is another ‘tangent to the circle at the point R on the circle which intersects XY and XZ at S and T respectively, IFXY = 9 cmand TX=15 cm, then RT is: (a)45em, (b)3cm (75cm (a) 6am 289.In a rhombus ABCD, QA = 60° and AB = 12 cm, Then ‘the diagonal BD is, (a) 2v3 cm (b) 6em (Qi2em (a) 10cm 290.1F PQRS is a rhombus and BSPQ = 50°, then BRSQ is: (75° (b) 45° (55° (65° 291. Two isosceles triangles have equal vertical angles and their areas are in the ratio 9 : 16, Then the ratio of their corresponding heights is (45:8 (b)34 (943 (48-45 292. The perimeter of two similar triangles are 30cm and, 20cm respectively lf one side of the first triangle is, 9 cm. Determine the corresponding side of the second triangle. (a)15cm (6) 6em (0) 135.em (a)5em 293. ifn a triangle ABC, BE and CF are two medians perpendicular to each other and if AB = 19 cm and AC = 22cm then the length of BCis (a) 20.5cm (b) 19.5 em (0).26cm (a) 13cm 294,'0'is the circumcenter of triangle ABC. If GBAC=50° then BOBC is (a) 100° (b) 130° (940° (a) 50° 295. Two circles of radii 10 cm and 8 cm intersect and the length of the common chord is 12 cm, Then the distance between their centers is (133 (@)15 0 we 296.The diagonal of a quadrilateral shaped field is 24m and the perpendiculars dropped on it from the remaining opposite vertices are 8 m and 13 m, The area ofthe ficld is? (a) 252m? (b) 1152 m? (096m? (a) 156m? 297.The angle between the graph of the linear equation 239x- 239y + 5=0and the x-axisis(a) 30° (b) 07(@) 45° (a) 60 298. na given circle, the chord PQ is of length 18 cm. AB is the perpendicular bisector of PQ at M. lf MB = 3.find the length of AB 299.(a) 25cm (b) 30cm (28cm (a)27.em 300. The chord of a circle is equal to its radius. The angle subtended by this chord at the minor arc ofthe circle is 301.(a) 150° (b) 60°(c)75° (a) 120° 302. In the given figure, PAB is a secant and PT is atangent tothe circle from P.1fPT=5 cm and PA =4emand AB =xcm thenx r P a (@)4/9em —()2/3em (9 9/4em (@) Sem 303. Two circles with their center at O and P and radii 8 em and 4 cm respectively touch each other externally. The length of their common tangent is, faBem — (b)85 cm (9 8V2em (a)8V3em 304, Two circles of diameters 10 em and 6 cm have the same center. A chord of the larger circle is a tangent of, the smaller one, The length of the chord is fa) Bem —(b) 10cm (96cm (a) 4em 305. The centroid of aA ABC is G, The area of A ABCis 60. cm?, The area of AGBCis (a) 30cm? (b)40 cm* (10cm? (a) 20 cm 306.In trapezium ABCD, AB || CD and AB=2 CD is diagonals intersect at 0. if the area of & AOB = 84 cm* then the area of A COD is equal to {a) 21 cm? (b) 72 em? (0) 42.cm*_ (a) 26 cm* 307.10 isthe Circumcenter ofa triangle ABC lying inside the triangle, the BOBC + 8 BAC is equal to (a) 120°) 110° (290° (a) 60° 308. AD is perpendicular to the internal bisector of BABC of ‘ABC. DE is drawn through D and parallel to BC to meet ACat E. Ithe length of ACis 12 cm, then the length of AE (in cm) is (8 (b)3 4 @e6 309. The interior angle of regular polygon exceeds its exterior angle by 108°. The number of sides of the polygon is (10 (ya 2 jis 310. quadrilateral ABCD is circumscribe about a circle. I ‘the lengths of AB, BCD are 7 em,8.5 cmand 9.2 em respectively, then the length (in em) of DA is (162) 77 (9102 (72 311.Given that the ratio of altitudes of two triangles is 4:5, ratio oftheir areas is 3:2, The ratio oftheir corresponding bases is (5:8 (b) 15:8 (08:5 (a) a1s 312.In A ABC, @ BAC =90" and AD ABC. IF BD =3 cmand CD =4 cm, then length of AD is (a)2v3.em_ (b)3.5 em (6m — (a5 em 313.A and Bare centers of two circles of radii 11 cm and 6 cm, respectively, PQ isa direct common tangent to the circle, IT AB = 13 cm, then length of PQ will be (12cm (b) 13cm (85cm (a 17cm 3114.In triangle ABC, DE || BC where D isa point on AB and Bis point on AC. DE divides the area of A ABC into two equal parts. Then DB : AB is equal to (a)v2i(v2+1)— (b) (V2-1):V2. (v2z:W21) (@) (2+ 1}:v2 315.ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, AB and DC when produced meetat P, FPA = 8 cm, PB = 6,PC = 4 cm, then the length (in em) of PD is (10cm (6) 6em (12cm (@8em 316.ABC isa triangle in which DE || BC and AD : DB=5: 4. Then DE: BCis (4:5 (b)9:5 (49 @59 317. The radii of two concentric circles are 17 em and 25 cm, a straight line PQRS intersects the larger circle at the points P and S and intersects the smaller circle at the points Q and R. If QR= 16 cm, then the length (in cm.) of PS is (ayaa (b)33 (932 (@4o 318, AB isa diameter of a circle with center 0. the tangents atc meets AB produced at Q. if 1CAB =34",then the measure of CBA is (a) 56° (b)68° (34 (ayi24° 319. or an equilateral triangle, the ratio ofthe in-radius and the outer radius is @12 13 (v2 (@iv3 320.1fa and b are the lengths ofthe sides of aright triangle whose hypotenuse is 10 and whose area is 20, then the value of (a +b)?is (a) 140 (6) 120 {180 (@) 160 321,Let P and Q be two points ona circle with center 0. if two tangents of the circle through P and Q meet at A with BPAQ=48°, then BAPQ is (ase) 66° (948° (aso 322. Ifthe sides ofa triangle are in the ratio 3:5/4:13/4, then the triangle is (@)right triangle (b) isosceles triangle (cobtuse triangle (4) Acute triangle 323. Ifthe ration of the angles of a quadrilateral is 2:7:2:7, then itisa {a) trapezium —_(b) square (6)parallelogram —(d) rhombus 324. The length of two parallel chords of, a circle of radius 5 mare 6cmand 8 emin the same side of the center. The distance between them is fajtcm—(by2em (@3om_—(@)1.5em 325. AB isa diameter ofa circle having center at OP isa point on the circumference of the circle, If GPOA = 120°, then measure of PBO is (75° (b) 60° (68 (ay70° 326.1 the angles ofa triangle are in the ratio 2:3:5 then the measure of the least angle of the triangle is (ajz0" (90° (18 (ase 327. ABCis a triangle in which BA 90°, Let P be any point ‘on side AC. IF BC = 10 cm, AC= 8 cm and BP=9 cm, then A (a)2vsem (b)3VSem (2V3em _(@)3V3em 328, ABCD isa cyclic quadrilateral, AB is the diameter of the circle. if @ACD=50%, measure the ®BAD is (a)130" (b) 40° {)50" (a) 140° E, CF are the two medians of A ABC and G is their point of intersection. EF cuts AG at 0. ratio of AO:0G is equal to (3:1 wz (92:3 (@1:3 330.ABis the diameter ofthe circle with center 0. Pbea point on it If 1P0A=120°then 1PBO=? (60° (50° (g12z0°(@ase 331.A circle touches the four sides of a quadrilateral ABCD. BH 5 eoual to (ay1/3 (b)1. wove @i2 329, ‘The value of 332. and E are mid-points of sides AB and AC respectively of the A ABC. Aline drawn from A meets BC at H and DE at K.AK: KH =? (2:1 @)ist (91: (a) 1:2 333. et ABC be an equilateral triangle and AD perpendicular to BC, ThenAB?+BC? + CA? =? (@)3AD? (0) SAD? (©2aD» (a) 4aD" 334, AB and AC are tangents toa circle with center 0, Ais the external point ofthe cirdle. The line AO intersect the chord BCat D, The measure of the @BDO is: (a) 45° (b) 75° (c) 90° (d) 60° 335. In A ABC, the external bisectors of the angles BB and BC Meet at the point o, IGA = 70%, then the measure of @BOCis: (a) 75° (b) 50° (c) 55° (d) 60° 336, ABCD is a cyclic Trapezium whose sides AD and BC are parallel to each other ;if GABC =75° then the measure of BCD is (a)7S° (b) 95°(c) 45° (d) 105° 337. The distance between the centers of two circles of radii 6 em and 3 em is 15 cm, The length ofthe transverse common tangent to the circleis (a) 7c (b) 12em () 6V6cem (d) 18cm 338.DA of & ABCis aright angle, AD is perpendicular on BC. IfBC = 14cm and BD = 5 cm, then measure of AD is: {a)¥Sem —(b) 3¥Sem {c) 3.5v5em (d) 2V5em_ 339,Ina circle with center at 0 and radius 5 em, ABisa chord of length 8 cm, if OM is perpendicular to AB then, the length of OM is (a)3cm (b) 44cm (em (@)25em 340.In A ABC,AD 1 BCand AD? = BD. DC the measure of RBACis: (75° @)90° (45° (@) 60° 341.Let AX BC of an equilateral triangle ABC. Then the sum of the perpendicular distances ofthe sides of & ABC from any point inside the triangle is, (@) Greater than AX_(b) Less than AX (QEqualtoBC (4) Equal to AX 342. The centroid of an equilateral triangles ABCis G and ‘AB = 10 cm. The length of AG (in Cm) is: (3/3 @y0/3 (c)10 v3/3 (a)10v3 343. AB is a diameter of a circle having center at 0. PQis a chord which does not intersect AB, Join AP and BQ. If @PAB= fABQ, then ABQP is a: (@) Cydlicrhombus (b) Cyclic rectangle (©) cyclic trapezium (4) cyclic square 34,In A ABC, the internal bisectors of @ B and 2 C meet at point 0.1) A= 80° then B BOC is of (120° (b) 140° (130° (a) 100° 345, The distance between centers of two circles of radit 3 cm and @ cm is 13 em. IF the points of contact of a direct common tangent the circles are P and Q, then the length of the line segment PQ is: (a)11.9em_(b) 12 em (115 em (a) 11.58 em 346. AB and AC are two chords of a circle. The tangents at B and C meet at P. If BAC = 54°, then the measure of BIBPCis (a) 54° (b) 108" (972 (a)36° 347. The length of the diagonal BD of the parallelogram. ABCD is 12 cm. P and Qare the centroids of the A ABC and A ADC respectively. The length (in cm) of the line segment PQis @4 (b)6 3 @s5 348. PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral, such that ratio of ‘measures of @P, 2! Qand BR is 1: 3:4 then the measure of B Sis 72° (b) 36° (108 (a) 144" 349. chord of length 24cm is at distance of 5 cm from the center ofa circle the length ofthe chord of the same circle which is at a distance of 12 cm from the center (17cm (b) 12cm (10cm (a) 11cm 350. In the the adjoining figure BAOC = 140° where O is the center of the circle then @ABC is equal to: a S77 fa) 90° (b) 110° (100° (a) 40° 351. The ratio of in radius and circumradius ofan equilateral triangle is: (12 (b) 2 (Ouiv2 (a) v2 352. PS isa diameter of a circle of radius 6em. in the diameter PS,Q and R are two points such that PQQR, RS are all equal . semicircle are drawn on PQ and QS as diameter (as shown in the fig) the perimeter of shaded portion is 353.In A ABC and APQR.D ‘355. A ABC is right angled triangle with AB = 6 cm, BC SAY & (@)528/7 cm (b)264/7em (1056/7 cm (d)132/7 em BQ, 2C=0R Mis the midpoint on QR, If AB:PQ = 7:4 area, then area (A ABC) /area (A PMR) is :7: 4, (a) 35/8 (b)35/16 (0) 49/16 (a) 49/8 354.In A ABC, the line parallel to BC interest AB & AC at P & Q respectively. IFAB : AP = 5: 3, then AQ: QCis:(a) 3 22 (b)1:2(6)3:5 (a) 23 ‘acm. 0 is the in-center of the triangle. The radius of the —s— incircle is @5cem — (b)3em (2em — (a)4em ANSWER 1b 7a 13b 19b 25c 31a 37d 43b 49b 55b eid 67b Ta 79¢ 85b 1b 7d 103 109b 115a azic 127d 133¢ 139d 145d 1sta 157d 163d 169b 2b ab daa 20b 26d 32c BBC aad 0c 56d 62c 68b mad aod 86C 92c 98b 104 110¢ 116a wa 128b 134b 140a 146b 152b 158b 164d 170a 3c od 15b 2d 27a 33¢ 39c 45b sid 57b 63d 69b Wa aia 87b 93c 99 105a 111b 117b 123a 129b 135a ia 147b 153¢ 159.4 165d aid ac 10¢ 16a 22 28a 34c 40c 46b s2b 58b 64a 70b 76b a2b 88b oad 100b 106d 2c 118¢ 24a 130a 136b ua2zd 14a d 154d 160¢ 166 c 172d Sa tic 7b 2a 29d 35a 41b arc 53b 59b 65d mb Tra a3b 89a 95 101b 107d 113b 119a 125d 131b 137 143b 14agd 155d 161¢ 167b 173b 6b 12 18b 24b 30a 36b azc 4ac sab 60b 66b rb Ba a4b 90b 96d 102b 108 14a 120¢ 126a 1324 138¢ 144b 150d 156a 162b 168d 174d 175d 181¢ 187d 193.a 199. 205a 211b 217¢ 223b 229d 235¢ 2a1a 24a7c 253¢ 259b 265b 2nd 277 283d 289b 295d 301a 307¢ 313a 3194 325b 331b 337b 343.c 349c 355¢ 176¢ 182¢ 188 c 194d 200a 206 c 212b 218¢ 224b 230b 236¢ 2a2zd 248a 254a 260a 266 c 272a 278c 284 290d 296 c 302¢ 308d 314b 320¢ 326d 332b 338b 34ac 350b 177d 183. 189 195d 201d 207 23a 219¢ 225¢ 231d 237a 243d 2a9d 255a 261a 267d 273b 279b 285b 291c 2974 303.c 3094 315c 321b 327b 333d 339 345b 351a 17ad 184a 190b 196 c 202b 208b 21ac 20a 26a 232a 238b 244a 250b 256d 262d 268.a 274a 280¢ 286a 292d 2982 304 310b 316d 322a 328b 334c 340b 346c 352b 179¢ 185b 1sid 197¢ 203b 209b 215a 2aid 227b 233d 239d 245a 251b 257¢ 263c 269d 275d 2e1c 287 a 293b 299¢ 305d 311b 317d 323¢ 3294 335¢ 341d 37a 353d 180d 186d 192 198c 204a 210c 216d 222b 228b 234b 240a 246 b 252 258b 264b 270b 276a 2828 288.c 294b 300b 306 a 3iza 318a 324a 330a 336a 342c 348a 354a

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