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PHP Functions Guide for Beginners

Functions in PHP allow for better organization, debugging, reusability, and maintenance of code. There are two types of functions: built-in functions that come with PHP like date functions, and user-defined functions. When creating user-defined functions, the function name must start with a letter, be unique, not contain spaces, and use descriptive names. Functions can optionally accept parameters and return values. Functions are defined using the function keyword and curly braces, and are called by their name. Arguments can be passed by value, where the function does not modify the original variable, or by reference using an ampersand, allowing the function to modify the original variable.

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70 views3 pages

PHP Functions Guide for Beginners

Functions in PHP allow for better organization, debugging, reusability, and maintenance of code. There are two types of functions: built-in functions that come with PHP like date functions, and user-defined functions. When creating user-defined functions, the function name must start with a letter, be unique, not contain spaces, and use descriptive names. Functions can optionally accept parameters and return values. Functions are defined using the function keyword and curly braces, and are called by their name. Arguments can be passed by value, where the function does not modify the original variable, or by reference using an ampersand, allowing the function to modify the original variable.

Uploaded by

Ms.Sonali Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions in PHP

Definition:

Functions are a block of code wrapped inside the {} brackets indicating beginning
and end of the function code.

Advantages of using functions are:


1) Better Organization of code
2) Easy to debug
3) Reusability
4) Easy maintenance.

In php we have two types of functions

1) Built-in function(string functions (strlen, strcmp,strrev), numeric


functions(rand(),is_number(),sqrt(), date function date())

2) User define functions

Rules

Rules that must follow when creating our own functions.


 Function names must start with a letter or an underscore but not a number
 The function name must be unique
 The function name must not contain spaces
 It is considered a good practice to use descriptive function names.
 Functions can optionally accept parameters and return values too.

Creating functions in PHP

1) To create a function in php we use function keyword

Syntax:
function function_name( ) // Defining a PHP function
{
Statements;

Sonali Yadav Date: 25/03/2020 UNIT-3


}
function_name( ); //Calling a PHP function

Example1: Function without parameters


<?php
function hello()
{
echo "Good morning Every One";
}
hello();
?>

Example2: Function with parameters and no return value


<?php
function add($num1,$num2)
{
echo $num1+$num2;
}
add(567,59);
?>
Example3: Function with parameters and return value
<?php
function multi($num1 , $num2)
{
$mul= $num1*$num2;
return $mul;
}
$return_value = multi(10,20);
echo $return_value;
?>

Sonali Yadav Date: 25/03/2020 UNIT-3


Passing Arguments by Reference

By default, value passed to the function is call by value. To pass value as a


reference, we need to use ampersand (&) symbol before the argument name. Value
passed to the function doesn’t modify the actual value by default (call by value)
.But we can do so by passing value as a reference.
Example 4: Passing Arguments by Reference:
<?php
function add($num1) /Call by Value
{
$num1+=5;
echo "The value of num1 is::".$num1;
}
function sum(&$num1) //Call by reference
{
$num1+=5;
echo "The value of num1 is::".$num1;
}
$x=12;
add($x);
echo "<br><br>";
echo "The value of x is::".$x;
echo "<br><br>";
sum($x);
echo "<br><br>";
echo "The value of x is::".$x;
echo "<br><br>";
?>

Sonali Yadav Date: 25/03/2020 UNIT-3

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