MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY
(Transcript for Lesson 2)
• “Quality is conformance to requirements or specification.”
Philip Crosby 1978
• “Quality is the degree to which care services influence the
probability of optimal patient outcomes.” American Medical
Association, 1991
• “Quality is meeting the requirements of the customer; both
internally and externally, for defect-free products and services.”
IBM, 1982
• “Quality is providing our customers with innovative products
and services that fully satisfy their requirements.” Xerox, 1983
• The management system of an organization is responsible for
achieving the quality mark in its products or services. For
improvement of quality in its products or services, an
organization must have a systematic approach and must
implement it with utmost sincerity.
• Quality Management is the set of all activities of overall
management functions that determine quality policy, objectives
and the responsibilities, and implement these by the methods
of quality planning, quality assurance and quality control and
improvement
• “The effective management of quality involves successful
execution of three activities: quality planning, quality
assurance, and quality control and improvement.”
• Quality planning is a strategic activity, and it is vital for an
organization to manage Quality and its improvement
• “Quality Assurance is the set of activities that ensures the
quality levels of products and services.”
• “Quality Control and Improvement involve the set of
activities used to ensure that the products and services meet
requirements and are improved on a continuous basis.”
• Total Quality Management is the Management approach, of
an organization, centered on quality, involving participation
of all members of an organization and aiming at long-term
success in achieving quality through customer satisfaction
while bringing benefits to all members of the organization
and society.
The concept of Total Quality Management was first
introduced by Feigenbaum as the concept of companywide
quality control in his historic book “Total Quality Control
“(first published in 1951). This book influenced the early
philosophy of quality management in Japan in the early
1950s considerably. Feigenbaum advocated a three-step
approach for quality improvement: quality leadership,
quality technology, and organizational commitment.
• Quality system is the set of Organizational structure,
procedures, processes and resources needed to implement
quality management.
• Every organization practices Quality Management for its
products or services. Although, conceptually same, but the
practice differs to some extent from organization to
organization and between types of organizations.
• In this course we shall consider Quality Management with
special emphasis towards Healthcare organizations.