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Distance Protection Adequacy Check | PDF | Electrical Impedance | Electrical Resistance And Conductance
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Distance Protection Adequacy Check

This document analyzes the adequacy of distance protection for a 1-phase fault on a transmission line. It provides specifications for the line and calculates fault current, impedances, and time constants. It then evaluates three different relays - RED 670, 7SD52, and P545 - to check if their CTs can withstand the calculated knee point voltages under a 1-phase fault. It determines that the CTs meet the requirements for all three relays.

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Dileep Reddy
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741 views2 pages

Distance Protection Adequacy Check

This document analyzes the adequacy of distance protection for a 1-phase fault on a transmission line. It provides specifications for the line and calculates fault current, impedances, and time constants. It then evaluates three different relays - RED 670, 7SD52, and P545 - to check if their CTs can withstand the calculated knee point voltages under a 1-phase fault. It determines that the CTs meet the requirements for all three relays.

Uploaded by

Dileep Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Adequacy check for Distance protection using 1 Phase fault

Remote End CT Primary Current Ipn = 1200 A

CT Secondary Current Isn = 1A

Frequency = 50 Hz

Bus Fault Level = 31.5 kA

Voltage Level = 66 kV

Line Length = 2.143 Km

Positive sequence resistance (RL1) = 0.0779 ohm\km

Positive sequence reactance (XL1) = 0.0986 ohm\km

Zero sequence resistance (RL0) = 0.1230 ohm\km

Zero sequence reactance (XL0) = 0.0925 ohm\km

Time Constant (Tp) = 45.3 ms

Equivalent impedance of source Zq = 1.1*Un


√3*Ik

= 1.3307 ohms

Resistive part of source Impedance Rq = Zq


√1+(2*π*f*Tp)2

= 0.0933 ohms

Reactive part of source Impedance Xq = √(Zq)2-(Rq)2

= 1.3274 ohms

Klim Set zone limit = 70 %

Line Length Resistance corresponding to set zone = 0.4182 ohms

Line Length Reactance corresponding to set zone = 0.4346 ohms

Equivalent Resistance R' = 0.5115 ohms

Equivalent Reactance X' = 1.7620 ohms

Time Constant corressponding to set zone = X'


2*π*f*R'

= 0.0110 secs

Tlim = 10.97 ms

1Phase short circuit current corresponding to set zone = √3*1.1*Un


IZ1+Z2+Z0I+3Zs

Positive Sequence Impedance of Line, Z1 = 0.0779+0.0986i ohm/km

Positive Sequence Impedance of Line, Z1 = 0.0545+0.069i ohms


corresponding to set zone
Negative Sequence Impedance of Line, Z2 = 0.0779+0.0986i ohm/km

Negative Sequence Impedance of Line, Z2 = 0.0545+0.069i ohms


corresponding to set zone

Zero Sequence Impedance of Line, Z0 = 0.123+0.0925i ohms

Zero Sequence Impedance of Line, Z0 corresponding = 0.0861+0.0648i ohms


to set zone

Source Impedance Zs = 0.0933+1.3274i ohms

Z1+Z2+Z0+3Zs = 0.475+4.185i ohms

1Phase short circuit current corresponding to set zone Iklim = 29.854 kA

Rct = 3.1 ohm

Rwire = 1.0855 ohm

RELAY-RED 670

As Time Constant is coming out to be 10.97ms, then in this case k factor considered will be 4

Rr (relay Burden) = 0.02 ohm

Required value for Knee point Voltage Uknee=0.8*Iklim*Isn*k*(Rct+Rwire+Rr)

Uknee = 334.808 V

Offered Vknee = 1200 V


CT MEETS REQUIREMENT

RELAY-7SD52

As Time Constant (Tlim) is coming out to be 10.97ms, then in this case k factor considered will be 4

Rr (relay Burden) = 0.05 ohm

Required value for Knee point Voltage Vknee=4*Iklim*(Rwire+Rr+Rct)*Isn/(1.3*Ipn)

Uknee = 324.227 V

Offered Vknee = 1200 V


CT MEETS REQUIREMENT

RELAY-P545

Dimensioning Factor KRPA = 0.35

Rr (relay Burden) = 0.15 ohm

Required value for Knee point Voltage Vknee=KRPA*Iklim*Isn*(1+X'/R')(Rwire+Rr+Rct)/Ipn

Calculated Vknee = 138.740 V

Offered Vknee = 1200 V


CT MEETS REQUIREMENT

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