C OMPETENCY B ASED L EARNING M ATERIAL

SET-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS

SECTOR : ELECTRONICS
QUALIFICATION TITLE : COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : SET-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS

MODULE TITLE : SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS

UNIT DESCRIPTOR
This unit covers the outcomes required in setting-up computers networks for LANs and small-office home-
office (SOHO) systems. It consists of competencies to install network cables, set network configuration, set
router/Wi-Fi/ wireless access point/repeater configuration as well as to inspect and test the configured
computer networks.

Global Systems Institute of Technology

GSIT
 INFORMATION SHEET

CLASSIFICATIONS OF NETWORK SYSTEMS

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
1. To be able to identify various classification of network systems.
2. To be able to explain the basic network categories.

A network is a group of interconnected computers, linked for the purpose of

sharing files, programs and peripherals. Through your computers or office
network, you can run programs, use printers, and edit files from other
computers as if they were located on your own.

A server is the computer on the network that manages the network resources,
such as the shared files, programs and printers.

Local-area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small geographic

area, like a home, office, or groups of buildings e.g. a school. The majority of
networking, particularly at the corporate level, is done using the internet
standard. At the center of the basic diagram of a wired network is either a hub
or a switcher and computers are connected to the hub, much like spokes of a
wheel or star. Each connection at the hub is called a port.
.
Three Basic Network Categories

1. Local Area Network - the smallest of the

three network types, consists of PCs
connected together within a limited area,
such as within the same building, floor or
department.

2. Metropolitan Area Network – is a network that

spans no more than 50 miles. It is design to connect
LANs spanning a town or city

3. Wide Area Network – is used to distribute

information thousands of miles among
thousands of users.

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Network Terms:

1. Network Server - is a powerful computer whose sole purpose is to

serve network clients.
2. Host – any computer whether mainframe, server, or even PC that acts
as an information source on a network.
3. Peers- mean any computer sharing the same protocol layer with
another computer.
4. Workstation - is any network computer that connects to and request
resources from a network
5. Protocol – refers to the specific standards governing the sending and
receiving of data.

Types of Networks

• Server/client –use a network

operating system to manage
the entire work.

• Peer-to-peer - no centralized computer oversees

the networks, no server, and computers simply
connect with each other in a network group to
share files, printers, and internet access.

The Basic Rule

The basic rule for network design is known as the 5-4-3 rule. It states that in a
10 Mbps. Ethernet network:
• You can have a maximum of five cable segments between any two
computers
• You can have a maximum of four repeaters (hubs, switches, wireless
access points, etc.) between any two computers
• Of the five cable segments (maximum) between any computers, only
three of these can terminate in computers.

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SELF-CHECK 1.2-4

Multiple Choices: Select the best answer of the given statement.

1. A group of interconnected computer

a. Network
b. Server
c. Workgroup
d. Sharing

2. The smallest type of network

A. Local Area network
B. Metropolitan Area Network
C. Wide Area Network
D. All of the above

3. A powerful computer whose sole purpose is to serve network clients

a. Host
b. Peers
c. Network Server
d. Workstation

4. Any network computer that connects to and request resources from a network.
a. Host
b. Peers
c. Network Server
d. Workstation

5. Any computer whether mainframe, server or even PC that acts as an

information sources of a network
a. Host
b. Peers
c. Network Server
d. Workstation

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 INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-1

COMMON TOOLS ON NETWORKING

Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, you must be able to:
1.) Identify the different kinds of tools needed on networking
2.) Know the functions on each devices
3.) Know the proper handling of different tools and materials
4.) Familiarize the uses of different tools and materials.

Crimping tool

A crimping tool is a tool designed

to crimp or connect a connector to the end

of a cable. For example, network cables and

phone cables are created using a crimping

tool to connect the RJ-45 and RJ-

11 connectors to the end of the cable. this

crimper is capable of crimping a RJ-11 (6-

Pin) and RJ-45 (8-Pin) connectors and also

includes a wire cutter near the handles that

can be used to cut phone or CAT5 cable.

To use this crimping tool, each wire is first placed into the connector. Once all the wires are in

the jack, the connector with wires are placed into the crimping tool, and the handles are

squeezed together. Crimping makes the plastic connector puncture and hold each of the wires,

which prevents the wires from falling out and for data to be transmitted from the connector to

each of the wires.

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RJ-45
(Registered Jack-45) A common data networking
interface that employs a cable of twisted wire pairs
and an 8-pin modular jack. RJ-45 is used for
Ethernet and Type 3 Token Ring networks.

Cable tester
A cable tester is a device that is used to test the strength

and connectivity of a particular type of cable or other wired

assemblies. There are a number of different types of cable

testers, each able to test a specific type of cable or wire

(some may be able to test different types of cables or wires).

The cable tester can test whether a cable or wire is set up

properly, connected to the appropriate source points, and if

the communication strength between the source and

destination is strong enough to serve its intended purpose.

HUB
Networks using a Star topology require a central point
for the devices to connect. Originally this device was
called a concentrator since it consolidated the cable
runs from all network devices. The basic form of
concentrator is the hub.
 
Switches

Switches are a special type of hub

that offers an additional layer of intelligence to basic, physical-layer repeater hubs. A switch must be able
to read the MAC address of each frame it receives. This information allows switches to repeat incoming
data frames only to the computer or computers to which a frame is addressed. This speeds up the
network and reduces congestion.

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Switches operate at both the physical layer and the data link layer of the OSI Model.

Bridges
A bridge is used to join two network segments together, it allows computers on either segment to access
resources on the other. They can also be used to divide large networks into smaller segments. Bridges
have all the features of repeaters, but can have more nodes, and since the network is divided, there is
fewer computers competing for resources on each segment thus improving network performance.

Bridges can also connect networks that run at different speeds, different topologies, or different protocols.
But they cannot, join an Ethernet segment with a Token Ring segment, because these use different
networking standards. Bridges operate at both the Physical Layer and the MAC sublayer of the Data Link
layer. Bridges read the MAC header of each frame to determine on which side of the bridge the
destination device is located, the bridge then repeats the transmission to the segment where the device is
located.

Router

A hardware device designed to take incomingpackets,

analyze the packets, moving the packets to
another network, converting the packets to another
network interface, dropping the packets, directing
packets to the appropriate locations, and performing
any other number of other actions. The picture shows
the Linksys BEFSR11 router and is what most home
routers resemble.
A router has a lot more capabilities than other
network devices such as a hub or a switch that are only able to perform basic network

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functions. For example, a hub is often used to transfer data between computers or
network devices, but does not analyze or do anything with the data it is transferring.
Routers however can analyze the data being sent over a network, change how it is
packaged and send it to another network or over a different network. For example,
routers are commonly used in home networks to share a single Internet connection
with multiple computers.

NICs (Network Interface Card)

Network Interface Card, or NIC is a hardware card installed in a computer so it can
communicate on a network. The network adapter provides one or more ports for the
network cable to connect to, and it transmits and receives data onto the network
cable.

WIRELESS LAN CARD

Every networked computer must also have a network adapter driver, which controls the network adapter.
Each network adapter driver is configured to run with a certain type of network adapter.

Network card

Network Interface Adapter Functions 

Network interface adapters perform a variety of functions that are crucial to getting data to and from the
computer over the network.

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Self-Check 2.1-1: TRUE OR FALSE

1. A computer must have a two NIC adaptor in order to connect on the

network.

2. A router is an access point on each computer.

3. A hub is the same function like router.

4. Switches is a device in order to us to bridge the two network.

5. Crimping tools is a tool to tighten the Ethernet cable.

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Answer Self-Check 2.1-1: TRUE OR FALSE

1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE

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