IOT Based Health Monitoring System
PROJECT REPORT ON
IOT Based Health Monitoring
System
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the Award
Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Of
Government College of Engineering, Karad
Submitted by
Snehal Pawar (18153172)
Pooja Pawar (18153176)
Aishwarya Vakhariya (18153180)
Under Guidance of
PROF. S.V. Kumbhar
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING,
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
KARAD-415124.
[2019-20]
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
KARAD
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication
Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “IOT Based
Health Monitoring System ” has been carried out by team under
the guidance of Prof.S.V.Khumbhar in partial fulfillment of the
requirement of the degree of “Bachelor Of Technology in
Electronics and Telecommunication” of Government College Of
Engineering Karad during the academic year 2019-20.
Project Team: -
Snehal Pawar
Pooja Pawar
Aishwarya Vakhariya
Date:
Place: Karad
Prof.S.G. Chavan Prof.A.M. Sapkal
(Project Guide) (H.O.D)
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives us a great pleasure in bringing out the project report entitled IOT
Based Health Monitoring System. This project is something that could not have
been implemented without co-operation of many people who have involved in this
project. We take this opportunity to express our thanks for all the people who had
helped us in completion of this project. We sincerely thank to Prof.S.V. Khumbhar
without her help and guidance this project would not be in its present form. The keen
interest taken by the guide in our project helped us to solve difficulties.
We are thankful to our respected H.O.D. Dr.A.M. Sapkal who
provided us the opportunity to work on this project and helped us a lot by providing
valuable suggestions.
We are also very much thankful to our respected Principal Dr.A.T.
Pise for his support and motivation during the project work and finally we express our
gratitude towards our family members without support of whom all these would be
impossible.
Project Team: -
Pooja Pawar
Snehal Pawar
Aishwarya Vakhariya
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
INDEX
CHAPTER PAGE
CHAPTER NAME
NO NO
1 INTRODUCTION 6
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7
4 BLOCK DIAGRAM 09
4.1 DISCREPTION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM 10
5 CIRCUIT/CONNECTION DIAGRAM 11
5.1 WORKING OF PROJECT 12
5.2 WORKING PRINCIPLE 13-14
6 SOFTWARE REQUIRMENT 14-20
7 Advantages 21
8 APPLICATINES 21
9 FUTURE SCOPE 22
10 SOFTWARE OUTPUT 23
11 REFERENCES 24
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Abstract
Nowadays Health-care Environment has developed science and knowledge based on Wireless-Sensing
node Technology oriented. Patients are facing a problematic situation of unforeseen demise due to the
specific reason of heart problems and attack which is because of nonexistence of good medical
maintenance to patients at the needed time.
This is for specially monitoring the old age patients and informing doctors and loved ones. So, we are
proposing an innovative project to dodge such sudden death rates by using Patient Health Monitoring
that uses sensor technology and uses internet to communicate to the loved ones in case of problems.
This system uses Temperature and heartbeat sensor for tracking patient’s health. Both the sensors are
connected to the Arduino-uno.
To track the patient health micro-controller is in turn interfaced to an LCD display and wi-fi connection
to send the data to the web-server (wireless sensing node).
In case of any abrupt changes in patient heart-rate or body temperature alert is sent about the patient
using IoT. This system also shows patients temperature and heartbeat tracked live data with timestamps
over the Internetwork. Thus, Patient health monitoring system based on IoT uses internet to effectively
monitor patient health and helps the user monitoring their loved ones drom work and saves live
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
INTRODUCTION
The increased use of mobile technologies and smart devices in the area of health has caused great
impact on the world. Health experts are increasingly taking advantage of the benefits these technologies
bring, thus generating a significant improvement in health care in clinical settings. Likewise, countless
ordinary users are being served from the advantages of the M-Health (Mobile Health) applications and
E-Health (health care supported by ICT) to improve, help and assist their health.
According to the constitutions of World Health Organization (WHO) the highest attainable standard of
health is a fundamental right for an individual. As we are truly inspired by this, we attempt to propose an
innovative system that puts forward a smart patient health tracking system that uses sensors to track
patient vital parameters and uses internet to update the doctors so that they can help in case of any issues
at the earliest preventing death rates.
Patient Health monitoring using IoT is a technology to enable monitoring of patients outside of
conventional clinical settings (e.g. in the home), which may increase access to care and decrease
healthcare delivery costs. This can significantly improve an individual's quality of life. It allows patients
to maintain independence, prevent complications, and minimize personal costs. This system facilitates
these goals by delivering care right to the home. In addition, patients and their family members feel
comfort knowing that they are being monitored and will be supported if a problem arises
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Literature Survey
Flexible and scalable patient’s health monitoring system in 6LoWPAN . The main advantage of this
enabling factor is the combination of some technologies and communications solution. The results of
Internet of Things are synergetic activities gathered in various fields of knowledge like
telecommunications, informatics and electronics.
Maintaining sensing coverage and connectivity in large sensor networks mainly includes the information
about how to build or develop a new computational technology based on clinical decision support
systems, information processing, wireless communication and also data mining kept in new premises in
the field of personal health care.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
LIST OF COMPONENTS
SR. NO COMPONENT NAME
1 Arduino UNO (original)
2 ESP8266-01(WIFI Module)
3 Pulse Sensor
4 Temperature Sensor (LP35)
5 Resistor 2K
6 Resistor 1K
7 Potentiometer 10K
8 LED 5mm
9 Capacitor 1000uf
10 Capacitor 100uf /Capacitor 10uf
11 Capacitor 0.1uf
12 LCD Display
13 Connecting wires
14 Breadboard/Printed circuit board
15 Main cords
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Block Diagram
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Block Diagram Description
The block diagram of the ‘IOT BASED HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM ‘has following important
components as follow
1. Pulse sensor
2. Temperature sensor (LM35)
3. ESP8266(WIFI-module)
Pulse Sensor: -
The Pulse Sensor is a plug-and-play heart-rate sensor for Arduino. It can be used by
students, artists, athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want to easily incorporate live
heart-rate data into their projects. The essence is an integrated optical amplifying circuit and noise
eliminating circuit sensor. Clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or fingertip and plug it into your
Arduino, you can ready to read heart rate. Also, it has an Arduino demo code that makes it easy to use.
The pulse sensor has three pins: VCC, GND & Analog Pin.
LM35 Temperature Sensor: -
The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature devices with an output voltage
linearly-proportional to the Centigrade temperature. The LM35 device has an advantage over linear
temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage
from the output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 device does not require any
external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature and ±¾°C
over a full −55°C to 150°C temperature range.
ESP8266: -
is a very user-friendly and low-cost device to provide internet connectivity to your
projects. The module can work both as an Access point (can create hotspot) and as a station
(can connect to Wi-Fi), hence it can easily fetch data and upload it to the internet making
the Internet of Things as easy as possible. It can also fetch data from the internet using
API’s hence your project could access any information that is available on the internet,
thus making it smarter.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Circuit/Connection Diagram
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Working of the project:
IOT patient monitoring has 3 sensors. The first one is a temperature sensor, the second is the Heartbeat
sensor and the third one is humidity sensor. This project is very useful since the doctor can monitor
patient health parameters just by visiting a website or URL. And nowadays many IOT apps are also
being developed. So now the doctor or family members can monitor or track the patient’s health
through the Android apps.
To operate IOT based health monitoring system project, you need a WIFI connection. The
microcontroller or the Arduino board connects to the Wi-Fi network using a Wi-Fi module. This project
will not work without a working WIFI network. You can create a WIFI zone using a WIFI module or
you can even create a WIFI zone using Hotspot on your smartphone.
The Arduino UNO board continuously reads input from these 3 senses. Then it sends this data to the
cloud by sending this data to a particular URL/IP address. Then this action of sending data to IP is
repeated after a particular interval of time. For example, in this project, we have sent data after every 30
seconds.
The Arduino UNO board continuously reads input from these 3 senses. Then it sends this data to the
cloud by sending this data to a particular URL/IP address.
Then this action of sending data to IP is repeated after a particular interval of time. For example, in this
project, we have sent data after every 30 seconds.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Working Principle
STEP 1:
The Heartbeat sensor is fixed to the patient’s finger. This contains an IR sensor in it.
Every pumping we get pulse from that sensor. This sensor output is given to the Arduino via
Signal conditioning unit for amplification
STEP 2:
NTC type thermistor is used as a temperature sensor. This temperature sensor output
varies based on the temperature; this output is also given to Arduino.
STEP 3:
EEG sensor is a cost-effective board used to measure the electrical activity of the heart.
This electrical activity can be charted as an ECG or Electrocardiogram output as an analog
reading. ECGs can be extremely noisy, the AD8232 Single Lead Heart Rate Monitor acts as an
op-amp to help obtain a clear signal from the PR and QT Intervals easily and connected to
Arduino.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
STEP 4:
All these values are transferred to PC via RS 232 and by using the URL, it is transferred
to the mobile app created.
Software Requirement
{ // when the values are going down, the beat is over
digital Write(blinkPin,LOW); // turn off pin 13 LED
Pulse = false; // reset the Pulse flag so we can do it again
amp = P - T; // get amplitude of the pulse wave
thresh = amp/2 + T; // set thresh at 50% of the amplitude
P = thresh; // reset these for next time
T = thresh; LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
float pulse = 0;
float temp = 0;
SoftwareSerial ser(9,10);
String apiKey = "OO707TGA1BLUNN12";
// Variables
int pulsePin = A0; // Pulse Sensor purple wire connected to analog pin 0
int blinkPin = 7 ; // pin to blink led at each beat
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
int fadePin = 13; // pin to do fancy classy fading blink at each beat
int fadeRate = 0; // used to fade LED on with PWM on fadePin
// Volatile Variables, used in the interrupt service routine!
volatile int BPM; // int that holds raw Analog in 0. updated every 2mS
volatile int Signal; // holds the incoming raw data
volatile int IBI = 600; // int that holds the time interval between beats! Must be
seeded!
volatile boolean Pulse = false; // "True" when User's live heartbeat is detected.
"False" when nota "live beat".
volatile boolean QS = false; // becomes true when Arduoino finds a beat.
// Regards Serial OutPut -- Set This Up to your needs
static boolean serialVisual = true; // Set to 'false' by Default. Re-set to 'true' to see
Arduino Serial Monitor ASCII Visual Pulse
volatile int rate[10]; // array to hold last ten IBI values
volatile unsigned long sampleCounter = 0; // used to determine pulse timing
volatile unsigned long lastBeatTime = 0; // used to find IBI
volatile int P = 512; // used to find peak in pulse wave, seeded
volatile int T = 512; // used to find trough in pulse wave, seeded
volatile int thresh = 525; // used to find instant moment of heart beat, seeded
volatile int amp = 100; // used to hold amplitude of pulse waveform, seeded
volatile boolean firstBeat = true; // used to seed rate array so we startup with
reasonable BPM
volatile boolean secondBeat = false; // used to seed rate array so we startup with
reasonable BPM
void setup()
{
lcd.begin(16, 2);
pinMode(blinkPin,OUTPUT); // pin that will blink to your heartbeat!
pinMode(fadePin, OUTPUT); // pin that will fade to your heartbeat!
Serial.begin(115200); // we agree to talk fast!
interruptSetup(); // sets up to read Pulse Sensor signal every 2mS
// IF YOU ARE POWERING The Pulse Sensor AT VOLTAGE LESS THAN THE
BOARD VOLTAGE,
// UN-COMMENT THE NEXT LINE AND APPLY THAT VOLTAGE TO THE A-
REF PIN
// analogReference(EXTERNAL);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print(" Patient Health");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" Monitoring ");
delay(4000);
lcd.clear();
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Initializing....");
delay(5000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Getting Data....");
ser.begin(9600);
ser.println("AT");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+GMR");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+CWMODE=3");
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+RST");
delay(5000);
ser.println("AT+CIPMUX=1");
delay(1000);
String cmd="AT+CWJAP=\"Alexahome\",\"98765432\"";
ser.println(cmd);
delay(1000);
ser.println("AT+CIFSR");
delay(1000);
}
// Where the Magic Happens
void loop()
{
serialOutput();
if (QS == true) // A Heartbeat Was Found
{
// BPM and IBI have been Determined
// Quantified Self "QS" true when arduino finds a heartbeat
fadeRate = 255; // Makes the LED Fade Effect Happen, set 'fadeRate' Variable to
255 to fade LED with pulse
serialOutputWhenBeatHappens(); // A Beat Happened, Output that to serial.
QS = false; // reset the Quantified Self flag for next time
}
ledFadeToBeat(); // Makes the LED Fade Effect Happen
delay(20); // take a break
read_temp();
esp_8266();
}
void ledFadeToBeat()
{
fadeRate -= 15; // set LED fade value
fadeRate = constrain(fadeRate,0,255); // keep LED fade value from going into
negative numbers!
analogWrite(fadePin,fadeRate); // fade LED
}
void interruptSetup()
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
{
// Initializes Timer2 to throw an interrupt every 2mS.
TCCR2A = 0x02; // DISABLE PWM ON DIGITAL PINS 3 AND 11, AND GO
INTO CTC MODE
TCCR2B = 0x06; // DON'T FORCE COMPARE, 256 PRESCALER
OCR2A = 0X7C; // SET THE TOP OF THE COUNT TO 124 FOR 500Hz SAMPLE
RATE
TIMSK2 = 0x02; // ENABLE INTERRUPT ON MATCH BETWEEN TIMER2
AND OCR2A
sei(); // MAKE SURE GLOBAL INTERRUPTS ARE ENABLED
}
void serialOutput()
{ // Decide How To Output Serial.
if (serialVisual == true)
{
arduinoSerialMonitorVisual('-', Signal); // goes to function that makes Serial Monitor
Visualizer
}
else
{
sendDataToSerial('S', Signal); // goes to sendDataToSerial function
}
}
void serialOutputWhenBeatHappens()
{
if (serialVisual == true) // Code to Make the Serial Monitor Visualizer Work
{
Serial.print("*** Heart-Beat Happened *** "); //ASCII Art Madness
Serial.print("BPM: ");
Serial.println(BPM);
}
else
{
sendDataToSerial('B',BPM); // send heart rate with a 'B' prefix
sendDataToSerial('Q',IBI); // send time between beats with a 'Q' prefix
}
}
void arduinoSerialMonitorVisual(char symbol, int data )
{
const int sensorMin = 0; // sensor minimum, discovered through experiment
const int sensorMax = 1024; // sensor maximum, discovered through experiment
int sensorReading = data; // map the sensor range to a range of 12 options:
int range = map(sensorReading, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 11);
// do something different depending on the
// range value:
switch (range)
{
case 0:
Serial.println(""); /////ASCII Art Madness
break;
case 1:
Serial.println("---");
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
break;
case 2:
Serial.println("------");
break;
case 3:
Serial.println("---------");
break;
case 4:
Serial.println("------------");
break;
case 5:
Serial.println("--------------|-");
break;
case 6:
Serial.println("--------------|---");
break;
case 7:
Serial.println("--------------|-------");
break;
case 8:
Serial.println("--------------|----------");
break;
case 9:
Serial.println("--------------|----------------");
break;
case 10:
Serial.println("--------------|-------------------");
break;
case 11:
Serial.println("--------------|-----------------------");
break;
}
}
void sendDataToSerial(char symbol, int data )
{
Serial.print(symbol);
Serial.println(data);
}
ISR(TIMER2_COMPA_vect) //triggered when Timer2 counts to 124
{
cli(); // disable interrupts while we do this
Signal = analogRead(pulsePin); // read the Pulse Sensor
sampleCounter += 2; // keep track of the time in mS with this variable
int N = sampleCounter - lastBeatTime; // monitor the time since the last beat to avoid
noise
// find the peak and trough of the pulse wave
if(Signal < thresh && N > (IBI/5)*3) // avoid dichrotic noise by waiting 3/5 of last
IBI
{
if (Signal < T) // T is the trough
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
{
T = Signal; // keep track of lowest point in pulse wave
}
}
if(Signal > thresh && Signal > P)
{ // thresh condition helps avoid noise
P = Signal; // P is the peak
} // keep track of highest point in pulse wave
// NOW IT'S TIME TO LOOK FOR THE HEART BEAT
// signal surges up in value every time there is a pulse
if (N > 250)
{ // avoid high frequency noise
if ( (Signal > thresh) && (Pulse == false) && (N > (IBI/5)*3) )
{
Pulse = true; // set the Pulse flag when we think there is a pulse
digitalWrite(blinkPin,HIGH); // turn on pin 13 LED
IBI = sampleCounter - lastBeatTime; // measure time between beats in mS
lastBeatTime = sampleCounter; // keep track of time for next pulse
if(secondBeat)
{ // if this is the second beat, if secondBeat == TRUE
secondBeat = false; // clear secondBeat flag
for(int i=0; i<=9; i++) // seed the running total to get a realisitic BPM at startup
{
rate[i] = IBI;
}
}
if(firstBeat) // if it's the first time we found a beat, if firstBeat == TRUE
{
firstBeat = false; // clear firstBeat flag
secondBeat = true; // set the second beat flag
sei(); // enable interrupts again
return; // IBI value is unreliable so discard it
}
// keep a running total of the last 10 IBI values
word runningTotal = 0; // clear the runningTotal variable
for(int i=0; i<=8; i++)
{ // shift data in the rate array
rate[i] = rate[i+1]; // and drop the oldest IBI value
runningTotal += rate[i]; // add up the 9 oldest IBI values
}
rate[9] = IBI; // add the latest IBI to the rate array
runningTotal += rate[9]; // add the latest IBI to runningTotal
runningTotal /= 10; // average the last 10 IBI values
BPM = 60000/runningTotal; // how many beats can fit into a minute? that's BPM!
QS = true; // set Quantified Self flag
// QS FLAG IS NOT CLEARED INSIDE THIS ISR
pulse = BPM;
}
}
if (Signal < thresh && Pulse == true)
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
}
if (N > 2500)
{ // if 2.5 seconds go by without a beat
thresh = 512; // set thresh default
P = 512; // set P default
T = 512; // set T default
lastBeatTime = sampleCounter; // bring the lastBeatTime up to date
firstBeat = true; // set these to avoid noise
secondBeat = false; // when we get the heartbeat back
}
sei (); // enable interrupts when youre done!
}// end isr
void esp_8266()
{
// TCP connection AT+CIPSTART=4,"TCP","184.106.153.149",80
String cmd = "AT+CIPSTART=4,\"TCP\",\"";
cmd += "184.106.153.149"; // api.thingspeak.com
cmd += "\",80";
ser.println(cmd);
Serial.println(cmd);
if(ser.find("Error"))
{
Serial.println("AT+CIPSTART error");
return;
}
String getStr = "GET /update?api_key=";
getStr += apiKey;
getStr +="&field1=";
getStr +=String(temp);
getStr +="&field2=";
getStr +=String(pulse);
getStr += "\r\n\r\n";
// send data length
cmd = "AT+CIPSEND=4,";
cmd += String(getStr.length());
ser.println(cmd);
Serial.println(cmd);
delay(1000);
ser.print(getStr);
Serial.println(getStr); //thingspeak needs 15 sec delay between updates
delay(3000);
}
void read_temp()
{
int temp_val = analogRead(A1);
float mv = (temp_val/1024.0)*5000;
float cel = mv/10;
temp = (cel*9)/5 + 32;
Serial.print("Temperature:");
Serial.println(temp);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
lcd.print("BPM :");
lcd.setCursor(7,0);
lcd.print(BPM);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Temp.:");
lcd.setCursor(7,1);
lcd.print(temp);
lcd.setCursor(13,1);
lcd.print("F");
}
Advantages
1) IOT Monitoring proves really helpful when we need to monitor & record and keep track of changes
in the health parameters of the patient over the period of time. So, with the IOT health monitoring, we
can have the database of these changes in the health parameters. Doctors can take the reference of these
changes or the history of the patient while suggesting the treatment or the medicines to the patient.
2) Hospital stays are minimized due to Remote Patient Monitoring.
3) Hospital visits for normal routine check-ups are Minimized.
4) Patient health parameter data is stored over the cloud. So, it is more beneficial than maintaining the
records on printed papers kept in the files. Or even the digital records which are kept in a particular
computer or laptop or memory device like a pen- drive. Because there are chances that these devices
can get corrupt and data might be lost. Whereas, in the case of IOT, the cloud storage is more reliable
and does have minimal chances of data loss.
IOT Applications and Applications
This is an important sensor based project which has the latest technology implemented in it. And it has
many applications & advantages as mentioned below.
1) IOT Healthcare is the most demanding field in the medical area. This project is for, elderly people in
our home. Also, for the senior citizen living alone or living with 1 or 2 members. This project really
proves helpful when family members need to go out for some emergency work.
2) Disable patients can use this project. Disable patients who find it really difficult to go to doctors on a
daily basis or for those patients who need continuous monitoring from the doctor.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
Software Output
Field 1 chart Field 2 chart
Body Temperature Pulse Rate
Mobile application unit output display
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
CONCLUSION
The proposed system of patient health monitoring can be highly used in emergency situations as
it can be daily monitored, recorded and stored as a database. In future the IOT device can be
combined with the cloud computing so that the database can be shared in all the hospitals for the
intensive care and treatment
Future development:
1. We can add a GPS module in IOT patient monitoring using Arduino Uno and WIFI module
project.
2. This GPS module will find out the position or the location of the patient using the longitude and
latitude received. Then it will send this location to the cloud that is the IOT using the Wi-Fi
module. Then doctors can find out the position of the patient in case they have to take some
preventive action.
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
REFERENCE
Basic Electrical Engineering
- Kothari and nigarth
Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering
-R.K. Rajput
Websites: -
1. https://www.projectsof8051.com/arduino-and-iot-based-patient-health-monitoring-system-
project/
2. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8441708
3. https://how2electronics.com/iot-patient-health-monitoring-system-esp8266/
4. https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/iot-based-patient-monitoring-system-
using-esp8266-and-arduino
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IOT Based Health Monitoring System
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