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Data Anomalies EDIT
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Normalization is the process of splitting relations into well
structured relations that allow users to insert, delete, and update
tuples without introducing database. Without normalization many
problems can occur when trying to load an integrated
conceptual model into the DBSM. These problems arise from
relations that are generated directly from user views are called
anomalies. There are three types of anomalies: update, deletion
and insertion anomalies.
An update anomaly is a data inconsistency that results from
data redundancy and a partial update. For example, each
employee in a company has a department associated with them
as well as the student group they participate in.
Employee_ID Name Department Student_Group
123 J. Accounting Beta Alpha Psi
Longfellow
234 B. Rech Marketing Marketing Club
234 B. Rech Marketing Management
Club
456 A. Bruchs CIS Technology Org.
456 A. Bruchs CIS Beta Alpha Psi
If A. Bruchs’ department is an error it must be updated at least 2
times or there will be inconsistent data in the database. If the
user performing the update does not realize the data is stored
redundantly the update will not be done properly.
A deletion anomaly is the unintended loss of data due to Recent Wiki Activity
deletion of other data. For example, if the student group Beta
Alpha Psi disbanded and was deleted from the table above, J.
Longfellow and the Accounting department would cease to exist. Relational Database Model
This results in database inconsistencies and is an example of Wisdomjere • 5 days ago
how combining information that does not really belong together
into one table can cause problems. Distributed Database Management Syste…
Wisdomjere • 5 days ago
An insertion anomaly is the inability to add data to the database
due to absence of other data. For example, assume Data Anomalies
Student_Group is defined so that null values are not allowed. If A Fandom user • 7 days ago
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a new employee is hired but not immediately assigned to a
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10/7/2020 Category:Data Anomalies | Database Management | Fandom
Student_Group then this employee could not be entered into the SDLC
database. This results in database inconsistencies due to A Fandom user • 28 days ago
omission.
Relational Set Operators
Update, deletion, and insertion anomalies are very undesirable A Fandom user • 09:34, 21 August 2020
in any database. Anomalies are avoided by the process of
normalization.
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