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Interlevtual Revolution STS

This document discusses three major intellectual revolutions: 1) The Copernican Revolution established the heliocentric model of the solar system with the Sun at the center, challenging the geocentric view of Ptolemy. Nicolaus Copernicus developed this model. 2) Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that all life evolved over time from common ancestors through a process of natural selection. 3) Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis and the theory that the human mind is composed of the id, ego and superego, emphasizing the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.

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Angelita Dela cruz
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99 views15 pages

Interlevtual Revolution STS

This document discusses three major intellectual revolutions: 1) The Copernican Revolution established the heliocentric model of the solar system with the Sun at the center, challenging the geocentric view of Ptolemy. Nicolaus Copernicus developed this model. 2) Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that all life evolved over time from common ancestors through a process of natural selection. 3) Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis and the theory that the human mind is composed of the id, ego and superego, emphasizing the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.

Uploaded by

Angelita Dela cruz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS

⚫What is intellectual revolution?


⚫ refers to Greek speculation about the "nature" in
the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400
BCE).
"pre Socratic" or "nontheological" or "first
philosophy“ -more on physics and logic
⚫ showed how society was transformed by science
and technology
⚫What created day and night?

⚫What heavenly bodies are like stars,


moons and planets are?

⚫What was actually out there at the outer


space?
1. COPERNICAN REVOLUTION
⚫ Nicolaus Copernicus
⚫ Claudius Ptolemy-Famous Greek
philosopher and astronomer.
-Stated that the planets, the sun and the
moon moved in a circular motion around
the earth
–existence of days and nights
Geocentrism/Geocentric Model
⚫a superseded description of the Universe
with Earth at the center.

⚫Under the geocentric model, the Sun,


Moon, stars, and planets all orbited Earth
Nicholas Copernicus
-A Polish mathematician and astronomer.
-developed his model of a Sun-centered
universe.
-explained the daily and yearly motion of
the sun and stars in the universe
Heliocentrism/Heliocentric Model
-The center of the solar system is not the
Earth but actually the sun
-Started the birth of modern astronomy/
-scientific revolution/ transformation of
society’s thoughts and beliefs
2. DARWINIAN REVOLUTION (Charles Darwin)
-An English naturalist, biologist and geologist.
-all life is related and has descended from a
common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the
fishes and the flowers --all related.
-Published his book, On the Origin of Species
-complex creatures evolve from more simplistic
ancestors naturally over time
Theory of Evolution
-Populations pass through a process of
natural selection in which only the fittest
would survive.
-Organisms have the ability to adapt to their
environment and would gradually changed
into something that would be more
competitive to survive -evolution
3. FREUDIAN REVOLUTION (Sigmund
Freud)
-was the founding father of psychoanalysis,
a method for treating mental illness and
also a theory which explains human
behavior
Freud’s Theory
-emphasized the influence of the
unconscious mind on behavior.
-Freud believed that the human mind was
composed of three conflicting elements
-the id, the ego, and the superego.
Thank you for listening!
⚫ References:
-https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-psyc
hology/chapter/psychodynamic-perspectives-on-p
ersonality/
https://www.christianitytoday.com/history/people/s
cholarsandscientists/nicholas-copernicus.html
-https://www.britannica.com/science/geocentric-sys
tem
-https://www.darwins-Theory Of evolution.com

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