Infobasic Programming

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Agenda

Introduction to Infobasic

Arrays and types of arrays

Introduction to subroutines and programs

Important functions/commands in Infobasic

Steps to create a subroutine in T24

Compiling and cataloguing routines and programs

T24 routines – file operations

T24 routines – sequential file access

T24 – Creation of functions and routines with arguments

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Introduction To Infobasic

Programming language used for T24

Simple – English like statements

No declaration of variables required

No data type specification is required

All variables by default have infinite variable length
– Multi value
– Sub Value

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Arrays

Continuous allocation of bytes

All bytes in an array have the same name as that of the
array

Each byte is uniquely identified with the help of a
subscript.

T E M E N O S

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

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Arrays In Infobasic

Dynamic Arrays
– Dynamic in nature
– Variable length
– Need not be declared
– Can hold any type of data
– Automatically increase or decrease in size depending on the
data
– All variables in Infobasic are dynamic arrays

Dimensioned arrays
– Have a fixed number of rows and columns
– Can hold any type of data
– Needs to be declared
– Used when dimensions and extents are known and are not
likely to change

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Dynamic Array

CUSTOMER.NAME = ‘’
RATE = 0
DATE = “121202”

Can store any type and any amount of data.

Only initialisation is required.

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Arrays

Dynamic Arrays (Cont.)

– Uses delimiters to store data of various fields

ASCII Decimal Description

254 Field Marker
253 Value Marker
252 Sub-Value Marker

Filed1FMField2FM Value1VMValue2VMValue3VMValue4FMField4FMSubValue1SMSubValue2FMField6

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Sample Record From The TEMENOS.TRG

1 Name TemenosTrg
2.1 Address India
2.2 Address UK
2.3 Address Geneva
3.1 Course Category Technical
4.1.1 Course Name jBASE
4.1.2 Course Name T24
3.2 Course Category Functional
4.2.1 Course Name Lending
4.2.2 Course Name Financials
5 Free Text
6 Inputter TRAINER.1

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 How will this record get stored in a dynamic array?

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Storage In A Dynamic Array

TemenosTrgFMIndiaVMUKVMGenevaFMTechnicalVMFunctionalFM
jBASESMT24VMLendingSMFinancialsFMFMTrainer.1

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Dimensioned Array

DIM ARRAY1(4,3)
4 – Rows
3 – Columns

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Dimensioned Array (Cont.)

DIM ARRAY2(4)
4 – Rows
Unlimited columns (Each row will be a dynamic array)

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Structure Of An Infobasic Program

PROGRAM – Executed from the database prompt

SUBROUTINE – Execute from within Globus

*Comments *Comments
PROGRAM <Programname> SUBROUTINE <Subroutinename>
Statement 1 Statement 1
Statement 2 Statement 2
Statement 3 Statement 3
RETURN
END END

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Compiling And Cataloguing Routines

EB.COMPILE TRG.BP TRG.RTN1

COMPILE CATALOG

Check for errors Check JBCDEV_LIB

Error – Exit
No Error JBCDEV_LIB
= $HOME/lib
Produce object code
$TRG.RTN1 $HOME/lib
TRG.BP
Is there place here
lib.so.1
$TRG.RTN1
Is there place here
lib.so.2

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Compiling And Cataloguing Programs

EB.COMPILE TRG.BP TRG.PRG1

COMPILE CATALOG

Check for errors Check JBCDEV_BIN

Error – Exit
No Error JBCDEV_BIN
= $HOME/bin
Produce executable
$TRG.PRG1
TRG.BP $HOME/bin
$TRG.PRG1 TRG.PRG1

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Executing Routines

Login into T24

Make an entry in
the PGM.FILE

At the command line

TRG.RTN1

JBCOBJECTLIST =
$HOME/globuslib;$HOME/lib

Execute the
routine

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Executing Programs

Go to the
database prompt

jsh..> TRG.PRG1

PATH =
.;$HOME/globusbin;$HOME/bin;$PATH

Execute the
program

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Writing A Simple Infobasic Program

Program to display ‘Hello World’

JED TRG.BP HELLO

PROGRAM HELLO
CRT “Hello World”
END

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Compile And Execute The Program

Compile and catalog

EB.COMPILE TRG.BP HELLO

Execute the program

jsh..>HELLO
Hello World

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 Workshop 1

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Control Structures

IF THEN ELSE

IF <condition> THEN
<statements>
END
ELSE
<statements>
END

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Control Structures

BEGIN CASE … END CASE

BEGIN CASE
CASE <variable> = <value>
<statements>
CASE <variable> = <value>
<statements>
CASE <variable> = <value>
<statements>
CASE 1
<statements>
END CASE

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Control Structures

FOR

FOR <variable> = <initialvalue> TO <maximumvalue>

<statements>
NEXT <variablename>

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Control Structures

Open Loop

LOOP
CRT “Input 2 Numbers”
INPUT Y.NUM1
INPUT Y.NUM2
WHILE Y.NUM1:Y.NUM2
CRT “Total “ : Y.NUM1 + Y.NUM2
REPEAT

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Built In Infobasic Functions

LEN(e) Length of the text in expression

COUNT(e,d) Number of occurrences of d in e

DCOUNT(e,d) Number of occurrences of d in e, +1

UPCASE(e) Converts e to uppercase

DOWNCASE(e) Converts e to lowercase

CHANGE(e,d,c) Change occurrences of d to c in e

OCONV(e,d) Convert e into the format specified in d

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Structure Of A Subroutine

SUBROUTINE SubroutineName
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE

Actual Statements
Actual Statements

RETURN
END

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Insert Files

I_COMMON
– Defines all common variables

I_EQUATE
– Equates a number of common variables

Insert files are available under GLOBUS.BP

Common variables get loaded when a user signs on

Some common variables are loaded when specific

applications are opened/specific actions are performed
Example : R.USER, ID.NEW
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Example 2

Write a subroutine that will display the details

(Id, Mnemonic and Nationality)of a customer whose id is 100069

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Algorithm

Step 1. Open the Customer File

Step 2. Read the Customer file and extract the record
with id 100069

Step 3. From the extracted record obtain the mnemonic
and nationality

Step 4. Display the customer id,mnemonic and
nationality.

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Open A File

Use the command OPEN

OPEN FBNK.CUSTOMER…….

But…….

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Open A File (Cont.)

OPF – Open File

CALL OPF(FN.CUS,F.CUS)

FN.CUS = ‘F.CUSTOMER’ (File Name)

F.CUS = ‘’ (File Path)

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Read A File
Use the Globus subroutine
CALL F.READ(1,2,3,4,5)
1 - File name
2 - ID of the record to be read
3 - Dynamic array that will hold the read record
4 - File Path
5 – Error Variable

CALL F.READ(FN.CUS,”100069”,R.CUSTOMER,F.CUS,CUS.ERR1)

F.READ always checks if the record is in cache. If yes, fetches the record from
the cache, else retrieves the record from the databse.

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Record Returned By F.READ

Contents of R.CUSTOMER
DAOHENGBK
DAO HENG BANK INC
DAO HENG BANK INC

119 ASIAN MANSION 209
DELA ROSA ST
LEGASPI VILLAGE MAKATI CITY MAN PH



1111

90

8100
999
PH
4
PH
20000101




20000101



1
















1
18_RICKBANAT1ÿ28_ANDREABARNES1
0006121042
18_RI
CKBANAT1
US0010001
1

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Extract Values

R.CUSTOMER<1>
R.CUSTOMER<15>

What happens after an upgrade?

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I_F.CUSTOMER File

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Display Parts Of A Record

Y.MNEMONIC = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.MNEMONIC>
Y.NATIONALITY = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.NATIONALITY>

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Display Parts Of A Record(Cont.)

CRT “Customer Id: “:Y.CUS.ID

CRT “Customer Mnemonic: “:Y.MNEMONIC
CRT “Customer Nationality: “:Y.NATIONALITY

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Solution 2

*Subroutine to display the details of customer 100069

SUBROUTINE CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE
$INSERT I_F.CUSTOMER
GOSUB INIT
GOSUB OPENFILES
GOSUB PROCESS
RETURN
INIT:
FN.CUS = ‘F.CUSTOMER’
F.CUS = ‘’
Y.CUS.ID = 100069
Y.MNEMONIC = ‘’
Y.NATIONALITY = ‘’
R.CUSTOMER = ‘’
CUS.ERR1 = ‘’
RETURN

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Solution 2 (Cont.)

OPENFILES:
CALL OPF(FN.CUS,F.CUS)
RETURN
PROCESS:
CALL F.READ(FN.CUS,Y.CUS.ID,R.CUSTOMER,F.CUS,CUS.ERR1)
Y.MNEMONIC = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.MNEMONIC>
Y.NATIONALITY = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.NATIONALITY>
CRT “Customer Id: “:Y.CUS.ID
CRT “Customer Mnemonic: “:Y.MNEMONIC
CRT ‘Customer Nationality: “:Y.NATIONALITY
RETURN
END

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Solution 2

Compile and catalog the routine

– EB.COMPILE TRG.BP CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS

Make an entry in the PGM.FILE with the type set to ‘M’.

Execute the routine from the command line.

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Debugging …….

See the execution of the routine line by line

Insert the ‘DEBUG’ statement anywhere in the routine
Subroutine to display the details of customer 100069
SUBROUTINE CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE
$INSERT I_F.CUSTOMER
GOSUB INIT
GOSUB OPENFILES
GOSUB PROCESS
RETURN
INIT:

DEBUG
FN.CUS = ‘F.CUSTOMER’
F.CUS = ‘’
Y.CUS.ID = 100069

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Debugging……….

Source changed to BP/CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS

0011 DEBUG
jBASE debugger->S
0012 FN.CUS = 'F.CUSTOMER'
jBASE debugger->S
0013 F.CUS = ''
jBASE debugger->S
0014 Y.CUS.ID = 1038
jBASE debugger->S
0015 Y.MNEMONIC = ''
jBASE debugger->S
---------------------------------------
---------------------------------------
0023 PROCESS:
jBASE debugger->V FN.CUS
FN.CUS : FBNK.CUSTOMER
jBASE debugger->V F.CUS
F.CUS : File '../mbdemo.data/st/FBNK.CUST000'

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 Workshop 2

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Example 3

Modify example 2 to display the mnemonic and nationality of all the

customers

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Algorithm

Step 1. Open the Customer File

Step 2. Select all the customer ids

Step 3. Remove one customer id from the selected list

Step 4. For the extracted customer id extract the

corresponding record from the customer file

Step 5. From the extracted record extract the mnemonic and
nationality

Step 6. Display the customer id, mnemonic and nationality

Repeat Steps 3 to 6 for all customers

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Select

Assign the select statement to a variable

SEL.CMD = “SELECT “:FN.CUS

Note the space

Use the Globus subroutine EB.READLIST to execute the

select statement

Use SSELECT instead of SELECT if you want data in a

sorted order

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EB.READLIST

CALL EB.READLIST(1,2,3,4,5)

1 - Select Statement To Be Executed

2 - A dynamic array that will hold the ids of all records
selected, separated by field markers.

3 - File that will hold the results of the select
statement(Optional)

4 - Variable that will hold the number of records
selected

5 - Return Code

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EB.READLIST (Cont.)

CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,’’,NO.OF.REC,RET.CODE)

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Insight Into EB.READLIST – Execute Select

SEL.CMD = “SELECT “:FN.CUS:” WITH SECTOR > 1000”

CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,’’,NO.OF.REC,RET.CODE)

How does EB.READLIST execute this SELECT statement?

Picks up the SELECT statement

Performs an ‘EXECUTE SEL.CMD’ and store the output

on to SEL.LIST

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Insight Into EB.READLIST - Internal Select

SEL.CMD = “SELECT “:FN.CUS

CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,’’,NO.OF.REC,RET.CODE)
How does EB.READLIST execute this SELECT statement?

Picks up the SELECT statement

Realizes that there are no conditions and no sorted select
in SEL.CMD

Performs an OPF for the file that you wish to select

CALL OPF(FN.CUS.F.CUS)

Performs ‘SELECT F.CUS’
– This is faster than ‘EXECUTE SEL.CMD’ as it is not actually
selecting the file
– It is only positioning the file pointer to the start of the file and then
will extract one ID after another and store it in SEL.LIST

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Insight Into EB.READLIST - Internal Select

Use the facility of internal select in EB.READLIST when

– You wish to process most of the records of a file

– You do not want records in a sorted order

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Repeating A Set Of Statements

Use LOOP and REMOVE(Discussed Earlier) to repeat

Steps 3 to 6

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Solution 3
*Subroutine to display the mnemonic and nationality of all customers

SUBROUTINE CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE
$INSERT I_F.CUSTOMER
DEBUG
GOSUB INIT
GOSUB OPENFILES
GOSUB PROCESS
RETURN
INIT:
FN.CUS = 'F.CUSTOMER'
F.CUS = ''
Y.CUS.ID = ''
R.CUSTOMER = '‘
CUS.ERR1 = ''
Y.MNEMONIC = ''
Y.NATIONALITY = ''
SEL.CMD = ''
SEL.LIST = ''
NO.OF.REC = 0
RET.CODE = ''
RETURN

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Solution 3 (Contd.)

OPENFILES:
CALL OPF(FN.CUS,F.CUS)
RETURN
PROCESS:

SEL.CMD = "SELECT ":FN.CUS

CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,'',NO.OF.REC,RET.CODE)
LOOP
REMOVE Y.CUS.ID FROM SEL.LIST SETTING POS
WHILE Y.CUS.ID:POS
CALL F.READ(FN.CUS,Y.CUS.ID,R.CUSTOMER,F.CUS,CUS.ERR1)
Y.MNEMONIC = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.MNEMONIC>
Y.NATIONALITY = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.NATIONALITY>
CRT "Customer Id: ":Y.CUS.ID
CRT "Customer Mnemonic: ":Y.MNEMONIC
CRT "Customer Nationality: ":Y.NATIONALITY
REPEAT
RETURN

END

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Solution 3

Add a DEBUG statement in the routine

Compile and catalog the routine

Make an entry in the PGM.FILE with the type set to ‘M’.

Execute the routine from the command line.

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 Workshop 3

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Example 4

Amend example 3 to store the extracted all the customer Ids, their
mnemonics and nationalities in a dynamic array in the following
format
CusId*Mnemonic*NationalityFMCusId*Mnemonic*Nationality

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Algorithm

Step 1. Open the Customer File

Step 2. Select all the customer ids

Step 3. Remove one customer id from the selected list

Step 4. For the extracted customer id extract the

corresponding record from the customer file

Step 5. From the extracted record extract the

mnemonic and nationality

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Algorithm

Step 6. Store the customer id, mnemonic and the

nationality in a dynamic array

Repeat Steps 3 to 6 for all customers

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Append Data In An Array

ARRAY<-1> = NewValue

ARRAY<-1> = Y.CUS.ID:’*’:Y.MNEMONIC:’*’:Y.NATIONALITY

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Append Data In An Array (Cont.)

What if an array delimited with VM’s need to formed?

ARRAY<1,-1> = Value

What if an array delimited with SM’s need to be formed?

ARRAY<1,1,-1> = Value

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Solution 4
*Subroutine to store the id, mnemonic and nationality of all *customers in an array
SUBROUTINE CUS.DISPLAY.DETAILS
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE
$INSERT I_F.CUSTOMER
GOSUB INIT
GOSUB OPENFILES
GOSUB PROCESS
RETURN

INIT:
FN.CUS = 'F.CUSTOMER'
F.CUS = ''
Y.CUS.ID = '‘
R.CUSTOMER = ''
CUS.ERR1 = ''
Y.MNEMONIC = ''
Y.NATIONALITY = ''
SEL.CMD = ''
SEL.LIST = ''
NO.OF.REC = 0
RET.CODE = ''
CUS.DETAILS.ARRAY = ''
RETURN

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Solution 4 (Cont.)
OPENFILES:
CALL OPF(FN.CUS,F.CUS)
RETURN

PROCESS:

SEL.CMD = "SELECT ":FN.CUS

CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,'',NO.OF.REC,RET.CODE)
LOOP
REMOVE Y.CUS.ID FROM SEL.LIST SETTING POS
WHILE Y.CUS.ID:POS
CALL F.READ(FN.CUS,Y.CUS.ID,R.CUSTOMER,F.CUS,CUS.ERR1)
Y.MNEMONIC = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.MNEMONIC>
Y.NATIONALITY = R.CUSTOMER<EB.CUS.NATIONALITY>
CUS.DETAILS.ARRAY<-1> =
Y.CUS.ID:'*':Y.MNEMONIC:'*':Y.NATIONALITY
REPEAT
RETURN

END

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Solution 4

Add a DEBUG statement in the routine

Compile and catalog the routine

Make an entry in the PGM.FILE with the type set to ‘M’.

Execute the routine from the command line.

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 Workshop 4

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Example 5

• As a part of the COB process in T24, all savings accounts that

have balance less than 5000 need to be charged a fee. For this
purpose you are expected to create a local reference field by
name CHARGE in the Account application and write a
subroutine that will check the working balance of all savings
accounts, and if the working balance is lesser than 5000 then set
the value in the local reference field CHARGE to ‘Y’. As a part of
the COB process in T24, one of the COB routines will deduct a
charge from all accounts which have this field set to ‘Y’.

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Algorithm

Step 1 . Create the local reference field CHARGE using

the LOCAL.TABLE application and attach it to the
ACCOUNT application using the LOCAL.REF.TABLE
application.

Step 2. Open the ACCOUNT file

Step 3.Select all accounts with category = 6001(this

category might differ from one Globus installation to
another).

Step 4.For each of the accounts selected, read the

corresponding record from the ACCOUNT file
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Algorithm (Cont.)

Step 4. Check the working balance of the account

and if the balance is less than 5000 then write the
entire ACCOUNT record into the ACCOUNT file with
the local reference field CHARGE set to ‘Y’

Step 5.Update the F.JOURNAL file.

Repeat steps 3 to 5 for all accounts using the LOOP

and REPEAT statements.

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Update a local reference field

R.ACCOUNT<AC.LOCAL.REF,1> = ‘Y’

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Write into a hashed file

CALL F.WRITE(FN.ACC,Y.AC.ID,R.ACCOUNT)

• Parameters :
– File name
– Record Id
– Record to be written

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Update the F.JOURNAL file

CALL JOURNAL.UPDATE(Y.AC.ID)

• Online Mode : F.WRITE to be followed by JOURNAL.UPDATE

• Batch Mode : F.WRITE should not be followed by
JOURNAL.UPDATE as the F.JOURNAL file is not available
during EOD.

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Solution 5
*Subroutine to check if the balance in all savings accounts are less than 5000 and if so,
*update a local reference field in the ACCOUNT file called CHARGE to ‘Y’.

SUBROUTINE ACC.BAL.CHECK
$INSERT I_COMMON
$INSERT I_EQUATE
$INSERT I_F.ACCOUNT
GOSUB INIT
GOSUB OPENFILES
GOSUB PROCESS

INIT:
FN.ACC = ‘F.ACCOUNT’
F.ACC = ‘’
Y.ACC.ID = ‘’
R.ACCOUNT = ‘’
Y.ACC.ERR = ‘’
RETURN

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Solution 5
OPENFILES:
CALL OPF(FN.ACC,F.ACC)
RETURN

PROCESS:
SEL.CMD = “SELECT “:FN.ACC:” WITH CATEGORY = 6001”
CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,’’,NO.OF.REC,RET,CODE)
LOOP
REMOVE Y.ACC.ID FROM SEL.LIST SETTING POS
WHILE Y.ACC.ID:POS
CALL F.READ(FN.ACC,Y.ACC.ID,R.ACCOUNT,F.ACC,Y.ACC.ERR)
IF R.ACCOUNT<AC.WORKING.BALANCE> < 5000 THEN
R.ACCOUNT<AC.LOCAL.REF,1> = ‘Y’
CALL F.WRITE(FN.ACC,Y.ACC.ID,R.ACCOUNT)
CALL JOURNAL.UPDATE(Y.ACC.ID)
END
Y.ACC.ID = ‘’
R.ACCOUNT = ‘’
REPEAT
RETURN

END

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 What if another user updates the same Account record while you
are trying to update?

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 Always read and lock a record if you wish to update it.

Can F.READ, read and lock a record?

No. It can only read.

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F.READU

Use F.READU

Similar to F.READ

Read and lock a record

The lock will be released when
– The record is written back to the file
– There is an explicit RELEASE statement after obtaining the lock
– The routine terminates

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F.READU

CALL F.READU(1,2,3,4,5,6)
1 – File Name
2 – ID
3 – Record
4 – File variable
5 – Error variable
6 – Retry Option
– P msg - prompt user with msg to retry if record locked
– R nn xx - retry xx times with a nn seconds sleep interval
– I - ignore the lock and return
– E - return immediately with an error message
– ‘’ – Retry continuously

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Code With F.READU

PROCESS:
SEL.CMD = “SELECT “:FN.ACC:” WITH CATEGORY = 6001”
CALL EB.READLIST(SEL.CMD,SEL.LIST,’’,NO.OF.REC,RET,CODE)
LOOP
REMOVE Y.ACC.ID FROM SEL.LIST SETTING POS
WHILE Y.ACC.ID:POS
CALL F.READU(FN.ACC,Y.ACC.ID,R.ACCOUNT,F.ACC,Y.ACC.ERR,’’)
IF R.ACCOUNT<AC.WORKING.BALANCE> < 5000 THEN
R.ACCOUNT<AC.LOCAL.REF,1> = ‘Y’
CALL F.WRITE(FN.ACC,Y.ACC.ID,R.ACCOUNT)
JOURNAL.UPDATE(Y.ACC.ID)
END
Y.ACC.ID = ‘’
R.ACCOUNT = ‘’
REPEAT
RETURN

END

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Solution 5

Add a DEBUG statement in the routine

Compile and catalog the routine

Make an entry in the PGM.FILE with the type set to ‘M’.

Execute the routine from the command line.

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 Are there better ways to read data from a file?

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CACHE.READ

Used to read data from the cache.

– It checks if the record is in cache
– If yes, retrieves it from the cache
– Else, does a OPF and F.READ to fetch the record and loads it in
the cache
– Will not pick up records from cache if they are more than
<SPF->CACHE.EXPIRY> seconds old.

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CACHE.READ (Cont.)

Doesn’t F.READ also perform a similar operation?

When should I use CACHE.READ ?

Use CACHE.READ when

– The record that you retrieve will not be frequently updated
– Best used for retrieving parameter records
– It is faster than F.READ as it does not require a call to OPF.
• Only when the record is not available in cache, it will perform
an OPF

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CACHE.READ (Cont.)

CACHE.READ(FileName,ID,Record,Error)

FILENAME = Name of file - without the mnemonic

(Example : F.CUSTOMER)
ID = Valid values are
ID of a record
‘SelectIDs‘ (List of Ids from the ‘FileName’)
‘SSelectIDs’ (List of sorted Ids)
‘SSelectARs’ (List of sorted Ids in ascending order right justified)
Record = Data returned
Error = RECORD NOT FOUND for example

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CACHE.READ (Cont.)

When

ID is passed to CACHE.READ
– Check if it exists in cache else will read from disk and load it to
cache

If ‘SelectIDs’ is passed to CACHE.READ
– Perform a call to EB.READLIST. Since there are no conditions
and it is not a sorted select, an internal selected will be
executed

If ‘SSelectedID’ or ‘SSelectARs’ is passed
– Perform a call to EB.READLIST. Since it is sorted select, will
actually select the file

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Insight Into Reading And Writing Records

READ

F.READ

F.READU

F.READV

DBR

TRANS

WRITE

F.WRITE

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Important T24 Routines

OVERLAY.EX

FATAL.ERROR

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 Workshop 5

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Example 6

Write a program that will write a string “Infobasic programming” onto

a sequential file.

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Algorithm

Step1 . Create a non hashed file with the name

“TEMENOS.SEQ”

CREATE.FILE TEMENOS.SEQ TYPE=UD

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Algorithm (Cont.)

Step 2. Open the non hashed file

OPENSEQ filename,recordid to pointer

OPENSEQ SEQ.FILE.NAME,RECORD.NAME TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER

Parameters:
SEQ.FILE.NAME = ‘TEMENOS.SEQ’
RECORD.NAME = ‘1’

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Opening A Sequential File

OPENSEQ SEQ.FILE.NAME,RECORD.NAME TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE

CREATE SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CRT “Unable to create file pointer to file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME
STOP
END
END
CRT “Openseq was successful on file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME

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Algorithm (Cont.)

Step 4 :Close the file once the operations are complete.

Use the CLOSESEQ command to close a
sequential file.

CLOSESEQ FilePointer

CLOSESEQ SEQ.FILE.POINTER

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Solution 6

PROGRAM SEQFILE.ACCESS.WRITE
SEQ.FILE.NAME = ‘TEMENOS.SEQ’
RECORD.NAME = ‘1’
OPENSEQ SEQ.FILE.NAME,RECORD.NAME TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CREATE SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CRT “Unable to create file pointer to file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME
STOP
END
END
CRT “Openseq was successful on file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME
WRITESEQ “Infobasic programming” TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CRT “Unable to perform WRITESEQ”
END
CLOSESEQ SEQ.FILE.POINTER
END

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 Workshop 6

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Example 7

Write a program that will read the data that has been written on to
the sequential file TEMENOS.SEQ .

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Algorithm

Step 1 : Open the sequential file

Step 2 : Read the data from the sequential file and display it
Step 3 : Close the sequential file

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Reading A Sequential File

READSEQ

READSEQ is the command that is used to read the data from a

sequential file.

READSEQ variablename FROM filepointer THEN …… ELSE…..

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Reading A Sequential File

READSEQ Y.MSG FROM SEQ.FILE.POINTER THEN

CRT “Message Extracted :”:Y.MSG
END
ELSE
CRT “Unable to read from file “
END

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Solution 7

PROGRAM SEQFILE.ACCESS.READ
SEQ.FILE.NAME = ‘TEMENOS.SEQ’
RECORD.NAME = ‘1’
OPENSEQ SEQ.FILE.NAME,RECORD.NAME TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CREATE SEQ.FILE.POINTER ELSE
CRT “Unable to create file pointer to file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME
STOP
END
END
CRT “Openseq was successful on file “:SEQ.FILE.NAME
READSEQ Y.MSG FROM SEQ.FILE.POINTER THEN
CRT “Message Extracted :”:Y.MSG
END
ELSE
CRT “Unable to read from file “
END
CLOSESEQ SEQ.FILE.POINTER
END

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More On OPENSEQ

An OPENSEQ command can also be used to open a file

provided along with the path of the file and the id.

SEQ.FILE.NAME = ‘./TEMENOS.SEQ/1’

OPENSEQ SEQ.FILE.NAME TO SEQ.FILE.POINTER

All the other WRITESEQ, READSEQ, CLOSESEQ

statements will remain the same.

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 Workshop 7

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Subroutines With Arguments

Subroutines can take in any number of parameters

Subroutines can return any number of values

When defining a subroutine, the parameters for that

subroutine are defined

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Example 8 And Solution 8

Create a subroutine that will accept 2 integer

values, multiply them and return the result in a variable.

SUBROUTINE DEMO.CALLED.RTN(ARG.1,ARG.2,ARG.3)
ARG.3 = ARG.1 * ARG.2
RETURN
END

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Solution 8 (Cont.)

Step 2

Create another subroutine that would supply the values and call the
DEMO.CALLELD.RTN.

SUBROUTINE DEMO.CALLING.RTN
VAR.1 = 10
VAR.2 = 20
VAR.3 = ‘’
CALL DEMO.CALLED.RTN(VAR.1,VAR.2,VAR.3)
PRINT ‘Result “:VAR.3
RETURN
END

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Defining Functions

Functions can be created in infobasic using the

FUNCTION statement

Functions can taken in any number of arguments

Functions can and will return only one value using the
RETURN statement

Functions can be defined in a subroutine before it is

called using the DEFFUN function

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Example 9 And Solution 9

Step 1

Create a function that will accept 2 integer values,

multiply them and return the result in a variable.

FUNCTION DEMO.FUNCTION(ARG.1,ARG.2)
RET.VALUE = ARG.1 * ARG.2
RETURN(RET.VALUE)
END

The RETURN statement is used to return a value in a

function.

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Solution 9 (Cont.)

Step 2

Create a subroutine that will call the function DEMO.FUNCTION.

SUBROUTINE DEMO.SUB.CALLING.RTN
VAR.1 = 10
VAR.2 = 20
DEFFUN DEMO.FUNCTION(VAL.1,VAL.2)
VAR.3 = DEMO.FUNCTION(VAR.1,VAR.2)
CRT “Result :”:VAR.3
RETURN
END

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