Linear Equation in Two Variables – 3

We have learnt:
 The Graph of Linear Equation in Two Variables is a straight line in the Cartesian
Coordinate Plane
 The Linear Equation in Two Variables in the Standard form is ax + by + c = 0
 a linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions.
 The Solutions are mentioned in Ordered Pairs (x, y)
 (x, y) ≠(y, x)

Let us Learn
Exercise 4.2

2. Write four solutions for each of the following equations:

2x + y = 7 πx + y = 9 x = 4y
Let x = 1 Let y = 1 Let y = 2
2(1) + y = 7 πx + 1 = 9 x = 4(2)
y=7-2 πx = 9 – 1 x=8
y=5 πx = 8 (8,2)
(1,5) 8
x=
π Let y = 1
Let y = 4 8 x = 4(1)
2x + 4 = 7 ( , 1) x=4
π
2x = 7 - 4 (4,1)
2x = 3 Let x = 0
3 π(0) + y = 9 Let x = 6
x=
2 0+y=9 6 = 4y
3 y=9 6
( , 4) y=
2 (0,9) 4
3
Let y = 5 Let y = 2 y=
2
2x + 5 = 7 πx + 2 = 9
2x = 7 – 5 πx = 9 – 2 3
(6, )
2x = 2 πx = 7 2
x=1 7
x= Let y = 4
(1,5) π
7 x = 4(4)
Let x = 0 ( , 2) x = 16
π
2(0) + y = 7 (16,4)
0+y=7 Let y = 0
y=7 πx + 0 = 9
(0,7) πx= 9
9
x=
π
9
( , 0)
π
3. Check which of the following are solutions of the equation x – 2y = 4 and which are not:
(i) (0, 2) (ii) (2, 0) (iii) (4, 0) (iv)( √ 2 , 4 √ 2) (v) (1, 1)
x – 2y = 4 for (0, 2) x – 2y = 4 for (2, 0) x – 2y = 4 for (4, 0) x – 2y = 4 for x – 2y = 4 for (1, 1)
LHS = x – 2y LHS = x – 2y LHS = x – 2y ( √ 2 , 4 √ 2) LHS = x – 2y
= 0 – 2 (2) = 2 – 2(0) = 4 – 2(0) LHS = x – 2y = 1 – 2(1)
= -4 =2–0 =4–0 = √ 2 - 2(4√ 2 ¿ =1 - 2
≠ RHS = 2 = 4 = √ 2 - 8√ 2 =-1
∴ Not a solution ≠ RHS = RHS = -7√ 2 ≠ RHS
∴ Not a solution It is a solution ≠ RHS ∴ Not a solution
∴ Not a solution

4. Find the value of k, if x = 2, y = 1 is a solution of the equation 2x + 3y = k.

2(2) + 3(1) = k
k=4+3
k=7

Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables

Plotting Graph:

A normal Graph sheet has 20 blocks of 1 cm horizontally (Right to Left) and 26 blocks of 1 cm Vertically
(Top to Bottom)

There are two Axis in Graph

The solutions of the linear equation in Example 3, namely, x + 2y = 6

X 2 4 0
Y 2 1 3
(2,2) , (4,1) , (0,3)
Scale: on X – Axis 1 cm = 1 Unit, On Y – Axis 1 cm = 1 Unit
 Y
4

0 1 2 3 4 5 X

Our observations:
 Every point whose coordinates satisfy Equation lies on the line AB.

 Every point (a, b) on the line AB gives a solution x = a, y = b of Equation

 Any point, which does not lie on the line AB, is not a solution of Equation

 The reason that a, degree one, polynomial equation ax + by + c = 0 is called a linear equation is that
its geometrical representation is a straight line.

Example 5 : Given the point (1, 2), find the equation of a line on which it lies. How many such equations
are there?

4(x) + 3(y) = 10
4(1) + 3(2)
4 + 6 = 10

5x + 2 y = 9
5(1) + 2(2)
5+4=9

4x + 2y = 8
4(1) + 2(2)
4+4=8

3x + 4y = 11
3(1) + 4(2)
3 + 8 = 11

x +y = 3

y–x=1

There are infinite equations for lines passing through (1,2)