1

1. What is Computer?

C
omputer is an electronic and programmable device, which can
perform calculation and logical operation at very high speed and
provides the correct desire output if we can give the correct input.
The meaning of the computer can be defined as two: Hardware and
software.

2. What is hardware?
Ans- The mechanical and the electronic part of the computer, which can be
seen and touched, is known as hard. There are a lots of hardware part of
the computer in this world. Some of the examples of the hardware are
fllowing:
a. Monitor
b. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
c. Mouse
d. Key-Board
e. Scanner
f. Printer
g. Speaker
h. Joystick
i. Flash Memories
j. Optical character reorganization etc.

3. What is software?
Ans- The series of instructions and commands in the form of programs
written and run on a computer in order to perform some specific works is
known as computer software. There is lots of software in the world. Some
of examples are following:
a. Microsoft Paint
b. Ms- Word
c. Ms- Excel
d. Ms- Power Point
e. Adobe Page Maker
f. Adobe Photoshop
g. WINDOWS XP/ VISTA/ NT / CRYSTAL XP/ ME etc.

4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the computer?

Ans- The advantage of the compute are following:
a. Gives accurate and reliable performance
b. Higher speed performance
c. Can perform multiple tasks at a time
d. Have higher storage capacity
e. It doesn’t need rest etc.
The disadvantages of the computer are following:
a. It is expensive for poor people
b. Humans can be more lazy
c. Piracy of the programs etc.

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Microsoft Word 2003

Microsoft word 2003 is word processing software, which is made by the
Microsoft Corporation USA in 2003 AD. We can do many things by using this
software, like – making different notes, Bio Data, Printing and more.

How to load Microsoft Word 2003?

1. Click ‘start’ > All Program > Microsoft Office Word 2003.
2. Click ‘start’ > Run > Type ‘WinWord’ > Click ‘OK’.
Menus:-
File Menu:
1. New [Ctrl + N]
To create a blank document to while other required files or some
things.
Step to use:
a. click on file menu
b. click on new or press Ctrl+N
c. then new choose New blank Document

2. Open [Ctrl+O]:
To open saved document to the hard disk or removable drives.
Step to use:
a. Click on file menu
b. Choose open or press [Ctrl+O]
c. Then choose the required place where is the file
d. Then choose the required file
e. Then click open

3. Close [Ctrl+W]:
To close the active Microsoft Word document.

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Step to use:
a. Click on file menu
b. Click on the close or press Ctrl+W
c. If you save the document already then a dialogue box doesn’t
open if you doesn’t save the document then a dialogue box will
come
d. Choose yes for save no for close without save or click on the
cancel that closing work
4. Save [Ctrl+s]:
To save the document in the different drives giving the required
file name.
Step to use:
a. Click on the file menu and choose save command or press
Ctrl+s
b. Choose the required to save that document
c. Then give the file name
d. And click on save
5. Save as [F12]:
To resave document giving differ name and in other different
drives of the disk.
Step to use
a. Click on save as of press F12
b. Then again choose the required place to save the document
c. Give the file name of that document
d. The click on save
6. Page setup:
To sets the paper size or the margins of the page.
Step to use:
a. Choose page setup on file menu
b. Then a box will display
c. Type the margins
d. Choose paper orientation portrait or landscape
e. Then go to paper
f. Choose the paper or type the paper size in the dialogue box of
the paper
g. Then click on ok
7. Print preview:
To see the document how comes after print, in the screen of
monitor.
Step to use
a. Choose print preview on file menu
b. Then the mouse pointer will change in to the magnifier tool
c. Click on for see the paper in small and click one time to see the
document in large paper
d. Then click on close

8. Print [Ctrl+P]:
To prints the documents using paper and print for hardcopy.
Step to use:
a. Click on print or press Ctrl+P
b. Then a dialogue box will display
c. Choose the mane of the printer on the name

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d. Choose the current for printer the current page where cursor is
standing
e. Choose all for to print whole document
f. Choose pages to print the required pages only by giving the
page numbers
g. Then choose the copies of print
h. Then click on print

Exit [Alt+F4]:

To exit form the Microsoft Word Program or active programs.

Step to use:
a) Choose exit
b) Then process of close will repeat

Edit Menu:

1. Undo [Ctrl+z]:

To brings the previous position of the document.

Step to use:
• click on edit menu and choose the undo command
2. Redo[Ctrl+y]:

To cancel the work this is done by undo command

Step to use:
• Click on edit menu and choose the redo command

3. Cut [Ctrl+X]
To cut the selected text
Step to use:
a) Select the required word for cut
b) Click on edit menu and choose cut
c) If you want to put the word somewhere, then place the curser in
required place
d) Then click on edit and click on paste command

4. Copy [Ctrl+C]

To copies the selected text

Step to use:
a) Select the required word for copy
b) Click on edit menu and choose copy
c) If you want to put the word somewhere, then place the cursor in
required place
d) Then click on edit menu and click on paste command
5. Paste [Ctrl+V]
To put the word that is copied or cut
Step to use
a) First you have to already cut or copied the texts
b) Then placed the cursor
c) Go to edit menu and choose the paste command
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6. Find [Ctrl+F]
To search the require texts.
Step to use:
a. Go to edit menu and choose the find command
b. Then a dialogue box will display
c. Type the required texts to search
d. Then click on find

7. Replace [Ctrl+H]
To search the text and replace it by other required words.
Step to use:
a) Go to edit menu and choose replace
b) A dialogue box will display
c) Type the words for replace in find what?
d) Then type the required text foe replace in and pace with
e) Then click on find text then choose and click on replace
f) If you want to replace whole words in a time, click on replace all

8. Go to [Ctrl+G]:
To go one page to another pages.
Step to use:
a. First you have more than one page
b. Then go to edit menu and choose go to command
c. Then type the required page number and click on go

View Menu:
1. Normal:
To see the document ni normal paper size.
2. Web layout:
To sees the paper size into web page size.
3. Print layout:
To sees the paper in the format of print layout.
4. Reading layout:
To see the document in the reading layout format of the page.
5. Outline:
To see the document in the page of outline, where inter key
pressing is shown in dot.
6. Toolbars:
To show or hide the require toolbars.
The important toolbars for Microsoft Word are:
a. Stander toolbar
b. Formatting toolbar
c. Drawing toolbar
7. Thumbnails:
To see the whole paper left to the document in small part.

8. Header and Footer:

Header and footer is that technique of inserting different things to

whole document. Header is the upper part of the paper and footer is the
lower part of the paper. We can use header or footer by the require time.

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The following figure is the header and footer and the button of that
toolbars are in the figure.

Insert Menu:
1. Break [Ctrl+Enter]
To inserts page or break new column and others
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor upper of the page or lower of the page
b) Click on insert an choose break command
c) Then select the required command
d) Then click on ok
2. Page Numbers:
To insert the page number to the whole documents or the required
pages.
Step to use:
a) Click on insert and choose page numbers
b) Then choose the place for inserting the page numbers, header or
footer
c) Then choose the alignment of page numbers
d) Then go to format to change the different page numbers
e) Then click ok and re click on ok
3. Date and time:
To insert the date and time in required place of the documents which is
set on the computer.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor where the date and time
b) Go to insert the choose date and time
c) Then choose the format of the date and time
d) Then click on ok
4. Auto text:
To insert the text that is set by the Microsoft Company for starting of
ending letters and others.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor where the date and time is required
b) Go to insert and choose auto text
c) Then go to the required sub part
d) And choose the required texts

5. Symbol:
To insert the different letters or symbols by use the different fonts
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor where the symbol is required
b) Go to insert menu and choose symbol
c) Choose the required font
d) And click on the required text or symbol
e) Click on insert

6. Picture:
To insert the pictures from different places like- Clip Art, File, Word Art
etc.
Clip Art:

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Clip Art is a group of small pictures, which are made by Microsoft
Corporation and US.
Step to use:
i) Choose clip art from the picture
ii) Then type the name required picture name in task pane
iii) Then the picture are shown
iv) Place the cursor and click on the required picture

This command is use to insert the different shapes using the readymade
shapes.
Step to use:
i) Place the cursor in required place
ii) Click on auto shapes command
iii) Then choose the different picture menu of the box
iv) Then choose the required picture
v) Then a box will display if you want to draw the picture in the box
you can proceed
vi) If you doesn’t want to draw the picture in the dialogue box press
delete key on the keyboard and draw in the required place
a) Word Art:
From word art we can make different designs, colors, rotate stretch,
shadows etc. of words.
Step to use:
i) Place the cursor in required place
ii) Choose the word art command from the picture sub menu
iii) Then choose the style of the texts
iv) Then click on ok
v) Type the required texts
vi) Then click on ok

Format Menu:
1. Font[Ctrl+D]
It is use for to change the fonts, fonts color, underline style and other
effects.
Step to use:
a) Select the required text to give the different font effect
b) Click on format menu and choose font command
c) Then a dialogue box will appears
d) Choose the required font name, style, size, color, underline style and
underline color
e) Then click on ok

There are other effects which are as follow:

Command Effects
a) Strikethrough $10
b) Double Strikethrough $20
c) Superscript a²+b²
d) Subscript H2SO4

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e) Shadow Nepal
f) Outline
g) Lmboss
h) Engrave
i) Small Caps NEPAL
j) All Caps NEPAL
k) Hidden

2. Paragraph:
This command is use to increase or decrease the gap between the two
paragraph and letters.
Step to use:
a) Select the required text
b) Click on the paragraph
c) There will be display a new dialogue box
d) Click on indents and spacing tab
e) Choose the required alignment [ Center, Left, Right or
Justified]
f) Set the required left and right margin indents from indentation
option
g) Choose any line spacing which is needed
h) Then click on ok

3. Bullet and Numbering:

This option is use identify/ separate the text / paragraph which some
special character (bullet) or serial numbers by using in front of the texts.
Step to use:
a) Click on bullet and numbering command on format menu
b) Choose the required bullet or number
c) Then click on ok

5. Boarder and Shading:

The option is use to improve the appearance of the required
text by using different types of Boarder and Shading.
Step to use:
a) Click on bullet and numbering command on format menu
b) Choose the boarder and shading from the format menu
c) Then dialogue box will display
d) Choose the required boarder and shadow
e) If you want to different boarder to the whole page boarder
f) Click in art and choose required art
g) Then click on ok
6. Columns:
It is use to divide the page horizontally in different parts.
Step to use:
a) Choose the column on format menu
b) Then a dialogue box will display
c) Choose the required number of columns or type in
number of columns
d) If you want to give the line between the column choose
line between command
e) And click on ok

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6. Tabs:
This command is use to decrease or increase the distance when we press
the tab on keyboard.
Step to use:
a) Choose the tabs command
b) And type the line spacing in the required inch or cm
7. Drop Cap:
It uses to give big capital of the initial letter of the document like as a
newspaper first letter.
Step to use:
a) Select the required letter
b) Choose the drop cap command
c) Choose the required position of the drop cap
d) Choose the required font to give drop cap effect,
e) Choose the line to be drop
f) And choose the distance between the drop cap
g) Then click on ok

8. Change Case [Shift+F3]

This command is use to change the small letter in to capital or different
normal styles.
Step to use:
a) Highlight the required texts
b) Click on change case and choose the required option
c) And click on ok

9. Background:
This command is use to give the different colors into the page but it can’t
be printed.
Step to use:
Color
We can give the different colors by using this command.
a) Click on the format menu and choose the background
b) And choose the any color
c) If you want to give the different colors choose the fill effect option
d) Then click on the two colors or present and choose the colors
e) Then click on ok

Fill Effect

Fill effect is that method of inserting the picture of texts back to the texts,
which can be printed.
a) Choose the fill effect on the background
b) If you want to insert picture click on the picture watermark
c) Then type the texts, choose the fonts or colors and click on ok
10. Themes:
This command is like as the background but the colors of here are can’t be
edit only can insert.
Step to use:
a) Click on the format and choose the themes command
b) Click on the required themes and click on the ok

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Tools Menu:
1. Spelling and grammar [F7]
This command is use to check the spelling and grammar of the document.
Step to use:
a) Click on tools menu
b) Choose the spelling and grammar command
c) Then dialogue box will be display if there is mistake of spelling or
grammar
d) Now the command will displays the mistake and give suggestion for
your texts
e) To correct the mistakes click on the required suggestion and click on
change
f) If you doesn’t want to change the word click on ignore once
g) If you want to add the word in the dictionary of the word click on add to
dictionary button

2. Research [Alt+Click]
This command is use to find out the synonym and antonym of the required
text.
Step to use:
a) Click on the research command
b) Then type the required text to find out synonym and antonym in task
pane
c) Click on go or press inter key

3. Word Count:
It is use to find out the number of words, paragraph and others of the
selected texts or non selected texts.
Step to use:
a) Select the required texts
b) Click on the tools menu and choose the word count button

4. Protect Document:
This command is use to protect by the password to handle the
unauthorized access or modification of the document.
Step to use:
a) Click on tools menu and choose the protect document command
b) Then a task pane will display
c) Mark on the Formatting Restriction and Editing Restriction
d) Then click on yes, start Enforcing Protectio
e) Then box will display
f) Type the same password in the password box
g) And click on ok
h) If you want to unprotect the document go on tools menu and click on
unprotect document
i) And type the correct password

5. Option:
This command is use to protect the document by password system, when
the document is opening.
Step to use:
a) Choose the option command on the tools menu

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b) Then click on security
c) Type the different password in first box and second box
d) Then click on ok
e) Retype first password in the first box
f) Retype the second password in the second box

Table Menu:
1. Draw Table:
This command is use to draw a new line or table in the required place.
Step to use:
a) Click on the table menu and choose the draw table command
b) Then a box will display and then the mouse pointer will change into
pencil
c) Click on draw in the required place

2. Insert:
i) Table:
This command is use to insert the table by giving the value of the rows and
columns.
Step to use:
a) Choose the table sub command from the insert command in the menu of
table
b) Then a box will display
c) Choose the number of rows and columns and click on ok
d) Then the table will starts
e) Column to the left:
This command is use to insert the column left to the place of the cursor in
the table
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor in the table
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the insert command
c) And choose the column to the right command
d) Row above:
This command is use to insert the row above to the place of the cursor in
the table.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor in the table
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the insert command
c) And choose the row above command
d) Row below:
This command is use to insert the row below to the place of cursor in the
table.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor in the table
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the insert command
c) And choose the row below command
d) Cell:
This command is use to insert a cell to the table.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor in the table
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the insert command
c) And choose the cell command

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3. Delete:
This command is use to delete the current table, column, row and cell of the
table.
4. Select:
This command is use to select the whole current table, column, row and
cell.
5. Merge Cell:
This command is use to merge or divide two or more cell into one cell.
Step to use:
a) Select the two or more cell
b) Click on the table menu and choose the merge command
6. Split Cell:
This command is use to split or divide one cell to more cells.
Step to use:
a) Click on the required cell to split
b) Choose the table menu and click on the split cell
c) Then a dialogue box will display
d) Choose the number of rows and column to split
e) Then click on ok
7. Split Table:
This command is use to split the table into two parts.
Step to use:
a) Place the cursor where the table to be split
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the split table command
8. Table auto format:
This command is use to change the table into different styles.
Step to use:
a) Click on the required table to change into different styles
b) Then click on the table menu and choose the table auto format]
c) Then the dialogue box will display
d) Choose the any of the table format
e) Then click on the apply button

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MS-EXCEL

Introduction:

M
icrosoft Excel is known as spreadsheet. Spreadsheet is an electronic sheet
that allows to you enters and store data on the Computer system. It is use to
perform all types of numerical, financial, statistical calculation. Beside these it
is use to create bill, voucher, salary sheet, income and expenses statement, Mark
sheet, balance sheet, purchase book, sales book etc. It is developed by Microsoft
Corporation U.S.A.
The file of Ms-Excel is called workbook and its extension is, XLS.
Worksheet: - The large working area of a workbook is called worksheet. There are
65,536 rows and 256 columns in a worksheet.
Cell: - The intersection between row and column is called Cell. Each cell contains
32000
Characters.

To start Microsoft Excel 2000/XP

• Click on Start button.
• Click on Programs.
• Click on Ms Excel.
ƒ Or
• Click on Start
• Click on Run
• Then a dialog box appears

• Type “Excel.exe”
• Click on OK.

TO CRATE A NEW WORKBOOK.

• Click on file menu

• Click on new
• The a dialog box will appears
• To create a new, blank workbook, click a General tab.
• Choose Workbook icon
• Click on OK button.

TO SAVE A WORKBOOK.

Click on File menu.

⇒ Click on Save command
⇒ In the Save in list, select the drive and folder where you want to save the
workbook.
⇒ [If you want to save the workbook in a new folder, click on Create New folder]

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⇒ In the File name box, type a name fir the workbook.

TO CLOSE A WORKBOOK.
⇒ Click on File menu.
⇒ Click on Close command.
[To close all open workbooks without exiting the program, hold down SHIFT
and click close all on the File menu.]

TO SAVE A COPY OF WORKBOOK.

⇒ Open the workbook you want to make a copy of.
⇒ Click on file menu.
⇒ Click on Save as.
⇒ In the File name box, type a new name of the workbook
⇒ Click Save.

TO OPEN A WORKBOOK.
⇒ Click on file menu.
⇒ Click on open command.
⇒ In the Look in list, click the drive, folder or location that contains the workbook
you want to open and then locate a double-click the folder the contains the
workbook.
⇒ Select the required workbook name.
⇒ Click on Open.
⇒ Double click the workbook you want to open.

TO PROTECT WORKBOOK BY PASSWORD

⇒ First open the workbook.
⇒ Click on File menu.
⇒ Click on Save as command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on Tools of dialog box and click on General option.
⇒ Type the password in Password to open box.
⇒ Click on ok bottom.
⇒ Then a confirm password box will appear.
⇒ Type the same password Modify again.
⇒ Click on ok button.
⇒ Click on save button.

USING PAGE SETUP COMMAND.

This command is used to set margins, paper source, paper size, page orientation, and
other layout options for the active file.
⇒ First open the workbook of which you want to set page.
⇒ Click on File menu.
⇒ Click on Page Setup command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on page tab.

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⇒ Choose the required orientation. (Portrait or landscape)
⇒ Choose any paper size.
⇒ Click on margin tab.
⇒ Set the required margin for Top, Bottom, and Left, Right, Header& footer.
⇒ Choose other required options.
⇒ Click on OK button.

TO SEE THE PRINT PREVIEW OF WORKSHEET.

⇒ Click on file menu.

⇒ Click on Print Preview command.
⇒ Now you can see the preview of your worksheet.
⇒ Click on Next button to see the next page of sheet.
⇒ Click on Previous button to see the previous page.
⇒ Click on zoom button to reduce or enlarge the page size.
⇒ Click on setup button to open the setup dialog box.
⇒ Click on Margins tab to set the margin.
⇒ Click on close button to close the preview.

TO SET PRINT AREA.

⇒ Select the required part of sheet which you want to set as print area.
⇒ Click on file menu.
⇒ Click on Print area command.
⇒ Choose Set print area.
[To clear print area click on File menu, choose print area and click on clear
print area.]

TO PRINT A WORKSHEET.
⇒ Open the worksheet which you want to print.
⇒ Click on File menu.
⇒ Click on Print command
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Choose the print name from Name box.
⇒ Choose any option from Print range criteria. [All, Page].
⇒ Choose any option from Print what criteria. [Selection, entire workbook etc.]
⇒ Choose the required number of copies to print.
⇒ Click on other required options and Click on OK button.

TO SELECT ENTIRE ROW.

Move the mouse pointer over the row number which you want to select.
Press the mouse button once.

TO SELECT ENTIRE COLUMN.

Move the mouse pointer over the column label which you want to select.
Press the mouse button once.

TO SELECT THE ENTIRE WORKSHEET.

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Move the mouse pointer over the top left corner of worksheet.
Press the mouse button once.

USING CUT/ COPY/PASTE.

⇒ Select the required cells which you want to copy or move.
⇒ Click on Edit menu.
⇒ Click on copy or Cut command as required
⇒ Then place the active cell at the required cell
⇒ Click on Edit menu. .
⇒ Click on Paste Command

[You can also use the shortcuts to copy, cut and paste as in Ms Word such as
Ctrl+c, Ctrl+x, Ctrl+v]

TO FILL SERIES OF NUMBERS AND DATA.

To Fill Numbers.
⇒ Put the active cell at the required cell.
⇒ Type First and Second number in First and Second cell.
⇒ Then select the both cell.
⇒ Move the mouse pointer over the bottom right corner of second cell.
⇒ Drag the fill handle as required.

To fill date
⇒ Put the active cell at the required cell.
⇒ Type Sunday or January in First cell.
⇒ Then move the mouse pointer over the bottom right corner of first cell.
⇒ Drag the fill handle.

USING CLEAR COMMAND

⇒ Select the required cells which you want to clear.
⇒ Click on Edit menu.
⇒ Click on Clear command.
⇒ Then click on All option to clear everything with formatting, contents etc,
⇒ Click on formats option to clear only the formats.
⇒ Click on Contents option to clear only the contents.
⇒ Click on Comments option to clear the comments only.

TO DELETE CELLS, ROWS, COLUMNS

⇒ Select the required cells or rows or columns which you want to delete.
⇒ Click on Edit menu.
⇒ Click on Delete command.
⇒ If you have selected cells then a dialog box appears.
⇒ Choose any option. [Shift cells left, shift cells up etc.]
⇒ Click on Ok.

TO DELETE WORKSHEET.
⇒ Select the required sheet name which you want to delete.

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⇒ Click on Edit Menu,
⇒ Click on Delete sheet command.
⇒ Then a message box will appear.
⇒ click on ok

TO MOVE OR COPY SHEETS.

⇒ Select the required sheet name.
⇒ Click on Edit menu.
⇒ Click on Move or Copy sheet command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear
⇒ Choose any option from before sheet list.
[If you want to create a copy of the selected sheet click create a copy option]
⇒ Click on OK.

USING FIND AND REPLACE COMMAND.

Find:
⇒ Click on Edit menu.
⇒ Click on Find Command
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Type a required text or data in find what box.
⇒ Click on Find next button.

Replace:
⇒ Click on Edit menu
⇒ Click on Replace command
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Type the required text or data in find what box which you want to replace.
⇒ Type the replacing text or data in Replace with box.
⇒ Then click on Find next.
⇒ Click on Replace or Replace all bottom as required.

USING GO TO COMMAND
⇒ Click Edit menu.
⇒ Click on Go to command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Type the cell name in reference box.
⇒ Click on OK.

TO SHOW OR HIDE FORMULA BAR.

⇒ Click on View menu.
⇒ Click on Formula bar Command to show or hide.

TO ADD HEADER AND FOOTER.

⇒ Click on View menu.
⇒ Click on Header & Footer command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
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⇒ Click on Custom header.
⇒ Put the cursor at the required section (left, center, right).
⇒ Type the header Name.
⇒ Click on Ok.
⇒ Then click on Custom Footer button.
⇒ Type the footer Name in the required section.
⇒ [You can also insert page number, date, time, filename etc as header & footer]
⇒ Click on OK.

TO VIEW THE WORKSHEET IN FULL SCREEN

⇒ Click on View menu.
⇒ Click on Full screen command.
⇒ Now your worksheet will appear in full screen.
⇒ To close full screen, click on Close full screen tool.

TO CHANGE THE VIEW OF WORKSHEET.

⇒ Click on View menu.
⇒ Click on Zoom command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Choose any one option. (200%, 100%, 50%, 75% ect.)
⇒ Click on OK.

TO INSERT CELLS
⇒ Select the required cells where you want to insert new blank cells.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Choose any one option. (Shift cells right, shift cells down & insert entire Rows,
Columns).
⇒ Click on Ok

TO INSERT ROWS
⇒ Select the required rows where you want to insert new rows.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Rows command

TO INSERT COLUMNS
⇒ Select the required columns where you want to insert new columns.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Columns command.

TO INSERT WORKSHEET.
⇒ Select the sheet name where you want to insert new worksheet.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Work sheet command.
[Now a new worksheet will appear in the sheet tabs]

TO INSERT CHART
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⇒ First type the data for chart.
⇒ Select the data range.
⇒ Click on insert menu.
⇒ Click on Chart command.
⇒ Then a chart wizard box will appear.
⇒ Choose any chart type and chart subtype form standard type tab. [For more
chart types click on Custom types tab]
⇒ Click on Next button.
⇒ Choose the required option from series in [Rows or Columns]
⇒ Click on Next button.
⇒ Type the chart title in Chart title box.
⇒ Type the X and Y category titles.
⇒ Click on Axes tab and choose the required options.
⇒ Click on Gridlines tab and choose the required options.
⇒ Click on Legend and choose any option.
⇒ Click on Data labels and Data table tab and choose the required options.
⇒ Click on Next button.
⇒ Now choose the required location to place chart.
⇒ Click on Finish button.
[If you want to change the chart type, chart options, chart location etc then select the
chart, click on Chart menu and choose the required options.]

Using Formula
⇒ Put the active cell at the required cell where you want to use formula.
⇒ Type (=) equal sign, [Formula always begins with (=) sign]
⇒ Enter the formula with cell references and operators
⇒ Press Enter Key

Functions Operators:-
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication.
/ Division
% Percentage.
= Equal comparison.
< Less than
> Greater than.
<= Less than or equal to
>= Greater than or equal to
<> Is not equal to
and/ Or/ Not Logic.

Using Function wizard

⇒ Place the cursor in cell where you want to insert Function.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Function Command.
⇒ Then a function wizard box will appear.
⇒ Select the required Function category.
⇒ Choose any Function name. (Sum, average, min, max etc.)
# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software
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⇒ Click on Ok.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Type the cell references in Number box.
⇒ Click on Ok button.

To insert comment.
⇒ Select the required cells where you want to insert comment.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Comment command.
⇒ Then a comment box appears.
⇒ Type the required comments.

To show or Hide comments.

⇒ Select the required cells that contains comment.
⇒ Press opposite mouse button.
⇒ Choose show comment/Hide comment.

To Edit or Delete comment.

⇒ Select the required cells that contains comments.
⇒ Press opposite mouse button.
⇒ Choose Edit comments or Delete comments.

To insert Clipart.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Picture command.
⇒ Then a Clipart box will appear.
⇒ Click any category.
⇒ Choose any picture and press the mouse button.
⇒ Choose Insert clip
⇒ Then close the clipart box.
To insert Auto shapes.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on picture command.
⇒ Click on Auto shapes.
⇒ Then an auto shapes toolbar will appear.
⇒ Choose any shape from toolbar.
⇒ Press the mouse button and drag it to draw auto shapes.
To insert word art.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Picture command.
⇒ Click on Word art.
⇒ Then a word art style box will appear.
⇒ Choose any style.
⇒ Click on Ok.
⇒ Now type the required text.
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⇒ Click on Ok.

To insert Object (Paint brush picture)

⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on Object command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Choose Paint brush picture.
⇒ Click on Ok.
⇒ Now draw any picture you like.
To insert hyperlink.
⇒ Select the required cells or object where you want to insert hyperlink.
⇒ Click on Insert menu.
⇒ Click on hyperlink command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on File of Browser for option.
⇒ Choose the required file.
⇒ Click on Ok.
⇒ Again click on Ok.
To format numbers.
⇒ Select the required cells.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on Number tab.
⇒ Choose Number category.
⇒ Choose the required decimal places.
⇒ If needed choose the Use thousand separators option. Click on Ok.
To change the number in currency format.
⇒ Select the required cells.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on Number tab.
⇒ Choose Currency tab.
⇒ Choose the required decimal places.
⇒ Choose any currency symbol.
⇒ Click on OK.

To change the number in Percentage format.

⇒ Select the required cells.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software
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⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on Number tab.
⇒ Click on Percentage tab.
⇒ Choose the required decimal places.
⇒ Click on OK.

To merge and center data

⇒ First type the long text in a single cell.
⇒ Select the required cell range.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then a dialog box will appear.
⇒ Click on Alignment tab.
⇒ Choose center from Horizontal and Vertical alignment.
⇒ Click the three option of text control criteria. (Wrap text, shrink to fit, merge
cells)
⇒ Click on Ok.
[Put the Cursor at the required text and op pressing spacebar unit the text comes to
the next line.]

To change the data orientation.

⇒ Select the required cells.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then click on Alignment tab.
⇒ Choose the required degrees.
⇒ Click on Ok.
To format font.
⇒ Select the required cells.
⇒ Click on Format menu.
⇒ Click on Cells command.
⇒ Then click on Font command.
⇒ Choose the required font, font style size, font color, underline style, effects.
⇒ Click on Ok.
To apply borders & patterns.
1. Select the required cells.
2. Click on Format menu.
3. Click on Cells command.
4. Then click on Borders tab.
5. Choose any boarder style and Color.
6. Click on Outline and inside option.
7. Then click on Patterns tab.
8. Choose any color.
9. Click on OK

To format row
1. Select the required row.
2. Click on Format menu.
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3. Click on Row command.
4. Then choose the required options, (Height, Auto fit, hide, unhide)

To format column.
1. Select the required columns.
2. Click on Format menu.
3. Click on column command.
4. Then choose the required option. (Width Auto fit selection, hide, un hided)

To Rename Sheet.
1. Select the required sheet name which you want to rename.
2. Click on Format menu.
3. Click on Sheet command.
4. Click on rename command.
5. Type the name for sheet.
6. Press Enter key.

To Hide/Unhide sheet.
1. Select the required sheet name.
2. Click on format menu.
3. Click on Sheet command.
4. Click on Hide/Unhide.

To change the background of sheet.

1. Click on format menu.
2. Click on Sheet command.
3. Then click on Background.
4. Now a dialog box will appear.
5. Choose any background file.
6. Click on Insert button

To delete background.
1. Click on Format menu.
2. Click on Sheet command.
3. Click on Delete background.

To Auto format cells.

1. Select the required cells.
2. Click on Format menu.
3. Click on Auto format command.
4. Then a dialog box will appear.
5. Choose any format style.
6. Click on Ok.

Using Conditional formatting command

1. Select the required cells.
2. Click on format menu.
3. Click on Conditional formatting command.
4. Then a dialog box will appear.
5. Choose any condition. (Cell value is less than, greater than, equals to etc.)
6. Type the value.
7. Click on Format menu.
8. Choose any Formatting.
9. Click on Ok.
10. If you want to add other conditions also click on add button and set the other
condition.
11. Click on Ok.

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Using Auto correct command.

1. Click on Tools menu.
2. Click on Auto correct command.
3. Then a dialog box will appear.
4. Click the required options.
5. Type the common mistakes in Replace box.
6. Click on Add button.
7. Click on Ok.

To protect worksheet.
1. Click the worksheet name which you want to protect.
2. Click on tools menu.
3. Click on protection Command.
4. Click on Protect sheet.
5. Then a dialog box will appear.
6. Choose the required options, (Contents, Objects etc)
7. Type a password.
8. Click on Ok.
9. Again type the same password.
10. Click on Ok.

To protect workbook.
1. Click on Tools menu.
2. Click on Protection command.
3. Click on Protect workbook.
4. Then a dialog box will appear.
5. Choose the required options(Structure, Window)
6. Type a password.
7. Click n Ok.
8. Again type the same password.
9. Click on Ok.

Using Goal Seek command.

1. On the Tools menu, click Goal seek.
2. In the Set cell box, enter the reference for the cell that contains. The formula
you want to resolve.
3. In the To value box, type the result you want.
4. In the By changing cell box, enter the reference for the cell that contains the
value you want to adjust. This cell must be referenced by the formula in the cell
you specified in the Set Cell box.
5. Click on Ok button.

Using Auditing command.

1. Click on Tools menu.
2. Click on Auditing command.
3. Then click on the required options. (Trace precedents, trace dependents, trace
errors)

To remove trace arrows

1. Click on Tools menu.
2. Click on Auditing command.
3. Click on Remove all arrows.

To Show/Hide gridlines, row & columns header, scrollbar, sheet tabs etc.
1. Click on tools menu.
2. Click on Options command.

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3. Then a dialog box will appear.
4. Click on View tab.
5. Choose the required options to from windows options.
6. [Gridlines, row & column headers, Horizontal scrollbar, sheet tabs et c.]

To sort data.
1. Select the required cells.
2. Click on Data menu.
3. Click on Sort command.
4. Then a dialog box will appear.
5. Choose the required column name for sort by option.
6. Choose Ascending or Descending order. [If you want to sort multiple columns
click on Then by option and choose the required column name.
7. Choose Header row or No header row from My list has option.
8. Click on Ok.

To Auto filter data.

1. Select the required columns.
2. Click on Data menu.
3. Click on Filter command.
4. Then click on Auto filter.
5. Now Click on drop down arrow list of column and choose the required options.
(All, Top 10, custom etc)

To remove Auto Filter.

1. Click n Data menu.
2. Click on Filter command.
3. Click on Auto filter.

Creating Data form to edit data.

1. Select the required cell.
2. Click on Data menu.
3. Click on Form command.
4. Now a data form appears.
5. Click New button to add new record. Type the data.
6. To move to the next field, press TAB key.
7. When you finish typing data, press ENTER to add the record.
8. Click on Find next button to find the next records a Find prev button to find the
previous records.
9. Click on Delete button to delete the displayed record.
10. Click Close to close the data form.

# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software

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Mark Sheet
Name English Math Science Nepali Account Total Percent Result Division
Ramesh 78 56 23 45 54
Sangita 89 65 78 68 90
Amir 78 98 89 75 89
Bikash 56 56 23 45 54
Pranita 65 65 78 68 90
Dinesh 98 89 75 89 90
Kapil 89 78 68 90 54
Rupendra 78 56 56 23 45
Sunil 89 54 78 68 90
Ganesh 78 54 56 56 23
Formulas
Total:
=Sum(English:Account)
Percent:
=total/Number of subjects
Result
=IF(AND(English>=32,Math>=32,Science>=32,Nepali>=32,Account>=32),"Pass","Fail")

Division
=IF(AND(Result="Pass",Percentage<45),"Third",IF(AND(Result="Pass",Percentage<60
),"Second",IF(And(Result="Pass",Percentage<80),"First",IF(AND(Result="Pass",Perce
ntage>=80),"Distinction”,” Fail"))))

Basic Salary Sheet

Traveling House rent Medical Gross Income Provident Net

Name B. Salary
allowance10% allowance12% allowance10% salary tax fund10% salary

Ramesh 7500
Sagita 6000
Amir 3500
Bikash 3000
Pranita 2500

Furmulas:

Travelling All. 10%

=10%*B=Salary

House rent all.12%

=12%*B=Salary

Medical All. 10%

=10%*B.Salary

Gross Salary
=sum(B.Salary:Medical all.)

Condition for Income tax:

B.Salary>=9000 10%*B.Salary

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B.Salary<9000,B.Salary>=5000 5%*B=Salary
B.Salary<5000,B.Salary>=3000 2%*B.Salary
Otherwise 0
=if(and(B.Salary>=9000),10%*B.Salary,if(and(B.Salary<9000,B.Salary>=5000),5%*B.Salary,if(and
(B.Salary<5000,B.Salary>=3000),2%*B.Salary,0)))

Provident Fund:
=10%*B.Salary

Net salary
=Gross salary-Income tax-Provident fund

Tele-Communication Sheet

Name Total Calls Rental Charge Extra charge Total charge Vat 10% Govt.tax10% Net charge
Binay 250 150
Dines 300 150
Anil 90 150
Mina 65 150
Gita 100 150

Condition for Extra charge

total calls<=100 0
otherwise Per call Rs.*(total call-100)
Per call Rs. 2
Formula:
=if(and(total call<=100),0,2*(total call-100))

Total charge
=Rental charge+Extra charge

Vat 10%
=10%*Total charge

Govt. tax10%
=10%*Total charge

Net charge
=total charge+Vat+Govt. tax

Some Important Formulas:

To calculate Average value

=average(data range)

To calculate Maximum Value

=max(data range)

To calculate minimum Value

=min(data range)

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To calculate Total
=sum(data range)

To calculate Standard deviation

=stdev(data range)

To calculate Square root of any number

=sqrt(n)

To calculate power of the value

=power(X,n)
where X is main value, n is power
eg. =power(5,2)=25

To insert current date

=today()

To insert current date and time

=now()

# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software

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Microsoft Power Point 2003

P
ower Point is presentation software, where we can make a slide, design,
formatting, set animation, sound, set effect in particular slide and show
the presentation in required place. To give the presentation interestingly
we use this software to present the projects and others. It was also develop by
Microsoft Corporation USA.

1. How to load Microsoft Power Point 2003?

1. Click on ‘start’ > All Program > Microsoft Office > Microsoft Office Power
Point 2003
2. Click on ‘start’ > Run > Type ‘Powerpnt’ > Click on ok

2. What is animation?
Animation is the process of giving different style to the texts, picture
and others, where the pictures, texts and others can be change one place to
another place of the design box.

3. How to create a new slide?

a) Click on insert menu
b) Choose new slide command
c) Or, press Ctrl+M key

4. How to give slide design to a new slide?

a) Click on format menu
b) Choose the slide design command
c) Then a task pane will display
d) Choose the design templates to give different background to slide or
slides
e) Choose the cursor scheme to give different colors to the slides
f) Choose the animation schemes to give the animation to the texts

5. How to see show the presentation in full screen one by one slide?
a) First make the slides
b) Then click on view menu and choose the slide show command
c) Or, go to slide show menu and choose the slide show command
d) Or, Press F5 key

6. How to insert the picture like as a background?

a) Click on insert menu
b) Choose the picture command
c) And choose the any sub command
d) Then the picture will insert
e) Right click on the picture and choose order and click on send to back
command

7. How to insert the movies and sounds?

a) Click on insert menu
b) Choose the movie and sound command
c) Choose the required command to insert the movies or sounds
d) Then go to the required place of movie and sound

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e) Click which movie or sound id required
f) Then click on insert
g) Then a dialogue box will display
h) Choose the automatically command to play automatic the sound or
movie when seeing the slide show
i) Choose the when click command to play the movie or sound if we click
them when we seeing the show
j) Then see or show the slide show

8. How to play custom animation?

a) Click on slide show menu
b) Click on custom animation
c) Then a dialogue box will display
d) Click on order and timing tab
e) Click the objects and text of slide
f) Click on mouse click on automatically option from start animation
g) If required set the required timing in seconds
h) Then click on effects tab
i) Choose any entry animation and sound
j) Choose any option from introduce text [ only for text ]
k) If needed choose any sound effect
l) If you have any chart in your slide click on chart effect tab
m) Choose the required animation sound effect animation etc
n) If you have inserted moves or sound the click on multimedia settings
o) Choose the required options
p) Click on ok

9. How to apply slide transition?

a) Click on slide show menu
b) Click on slide transition
c) Then a dialogue box will display
d) Choose any transition effect
e) Choose show or fast or medium option as required
f) Choose any option from advance
g) Click on mouse [on moue click or automatically after]
h) Set the required timing in seconds
i) If you needed choose any sound effect
j) Click on apply or apply to all

# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software

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E-mail and Internet

T
he internet is a hug of network of computers, which link many different
types of computers all over the world by using the satellites. E-mail is the
process of sending and talking information through the internet by using
different website.
How we create new account in yahoo server?
Step to use:
a) Click on internet explore icon
b) Then type the website address in address box [For yahoo type
www.yahoo.com]
c) Then click on go or press enter key
d) After sometime a new web page will display
e) Click on sign up, to create new e-mail address
f) Then a page will displays
g) Then fill the form
h) Then mark on I accept button
i) Click on create my account button
j) Then a web page will displays click on countinue
How we can look our e-mail?
Step to use:
a) When you open the page of yahoo, do not click on sign up. Click on
sign in command
b) Then a new page will display
c) Then click on sign in button
d) Then your e-mail web page will displays
e) Choose check mail command, to check the e-mail of yours
f) Then a new page will displays
g) Click on the required e-mail subject to look the e-mail
h) Then the e-mail will displays
How we can send message to other e-mail address?
Step to use:
a) After you open your e-mail account, click on compose command to
send e-mail to other e-mail address
b) Then a new page will displays
c) Type the require e-mail address in to box [Like :
gs.gulariya@gmail.com]
d) Then type the required subject [ like : Namaste, Hi, Hellow]
e) Then type the message in message box
f) And click on send button
g) After you open your e-mail account don’t forget to click on sign out
command

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Short Cut keys

After Highlight

Ctrl+A = Select All

Ctrl+B = Bold ( on/ off)
Ctrl+C = Copy
Ctrl+D = Change font size, font style
Ctrl+E = Alignment Center
Ctrl+F = Find
Ctrl+G = Go To
Ctrl+H = Replace
Ctrl+I =Italic (on/ off)
Ctrl+J = Alignment Justify
Ctrl+K = Hyperlink
Ctrl+L = Align left
Ctrl+M = Tab (Forward Handing indent)
Ctrl+N = Create a new window or bland document
Ctrl+O = Open File
Ctrl+P = Print
Ctrl+R = Alignment Right
Ctrl+S = Save the document
Ctrl+U = Underline
Ctrl+V = Paste
Ctrl+W = File close
Ctrl+X= Cut
Ctrl+Z = Undo
Ctrl+Y = Redo

Ctrl+Shift+D = Double underline

Ctrl+Shift+P = Font size
Ctrl+Shift+F = Font style
Ctrl+Shift+ (+) = Superscript (e.g. 1st )
Ctrl+ (+) =Subscript ( e.g. o2)
Ctrl+Shift+> = Enlarge font size by two digits
Ctrl+Shift+< = Reduce font size by two digits
Ctrl+F4 = Exit from Current program
Ctrl+ [ = Reduce font size by one digit
Ctrl+] = Enlarge font size by one digit
Ctrl+1 = Single space (line)
Ctrl+2 = Double space (line)
Ctrl+5 = 1½ space line (line)

# G.S. Computer, Computer Institute, Hardware and Software

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