MODULE EXERCISE 23.01 4. DETERMINE THE DISCHARGE VELOCITY IN M/HR.
COVERAGE: DARCY’S LAW SOLUTION
SITUATION ¿ previous problem
A PERMEABLE SOIL LAYER AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE IS m
UNDERLAIN BY AN IMPERVIOUS LAYER. WITH K = 5.3 X 10-5 v=ki=0.015 ( 0.18 )=2.7 X 1 0−3
hr
M/SEC FOR THE PERMEABLE LAYER H= 1.3 M AND THETA = 8
5. CALCULATE THE RATE OF SEEPAGE FROM THE RIVER
TO THE CHANNEL PER METER WIDTH IN M3/DAY.
1. DETERMINE THE HYDRAULIC GRADIENT SOLUTION
SOLUTION
¿ previous problem
h
i= Q=kiA=vA=2.7 x 10−3 (9)(1)
L
0.0243 m3 hr
sin θ=
h
L
Q=
hr
24
day( )
i=sin θ m3
Q=0.583
day
i=sin 8
SITUATION
i=0.139
A PERMEABLE SOIL IS UNDERLAIN BY AN IMPERVIOS LAYER
2. CALCULATE THE RATE OF SEEPAGE IN M3/HR/M AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE. FOR THE PERMEABLE LAYER, K=
0.0048 CM/SEC. H= 3M AND α = 5.
SOLUTION
6. CALCULATE THE HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
¿ previous problem
SOLUTION
Q=kiA
h
1.3 i=
−5
Q=( 5.3 x 10 ) ( 0.139 ) ( )
cos 5
(1) L
h
−6 3 sin θ=
9.589 x 10 m 3600 s L
Q= x
s hr
i=sin θ
3
m
Q=0.034 i=sin 5
hr
i=0. 08716
SITUATION
7. CALCULATE FOR THE FLOW OF WATER PER METER
A CHANNEL RUNS ALOMOST PARALLEL TO ARIVER AS
WIDTH IN M3 /HR.
SHOWN IN THE FIGURE. THE WATER LEVEL IN THE RIVER
HAS AN ELEVATION OF 45 M AND THE ELEVATION OF SOLUTION
CHANNEL IS 36 M. THE RIVER AND CHANNEL ARE 600 M
APART AND A PERVIOUS MEDIUM OF AVERAGE ¿ previous problem
THICKNESS OF 9 M AND HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
CONDUCTIVITY IF 0.18 M/HR JOINS THEM TOGETHER.
Q=kiA
3. COMPUTE THE HYDRAULIC GRADIENT
SOLUTION
Q=( 0.0048 x 10−2 ) ( 0. 08716 ) ( cos3 5 )( 1)
h 45−36 1.255 x 10−5 m 3 3600 s
i= = =0.015 Q= x
L 600 s hr
m3 2. DETERMINE THE DISCHARGE VELOCITY
Q=0.0 45
hr SOLUTION
8. CALCULATE THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATER
PERCOLATED PER DAY PER METER WIDTH IN CUBIC
METERS
v=ki=0.0118 ( 500
300 ) =0.0197
cm
s
SOLUTION 3. DETERMINE THE SEEPAGE VELOCITY
¿ previous problem SOLUTION
v 0.0197 cm
Q=qt =0.045 ( 24 )=1.08 m 3 v n= = =0.0537
n 0.58 s
9. A PERMEABLE SOIL LAYER THAT IS UNDERLAIN BY AN 1+0.58
IMPERVIOUS LAYER SLOPES AT 5 DEGREES TO THE
HORIZONTAL AND IS 4 M THICK MEASURED SITUATION
VERTICALLY. IF THE COEFFICIENT OF PERMEABILITY FOR A CONSTANT HEAD PERMEABILITY TEST ON FINE SAND,
OF THE PERMEABLE LAYER K = 0.005 CM/SEC, THE FOLLOWING VALUES ARE GIVEN
DETERMINE THE RATE OF SEEPAGE PER METER
WIDTH OF PERMEABLE LAYER IN LITERS PER HOUR. LENGTH OF SPECIMEN , L = 10
SOLUTION DIAMETER OF THE SPECIMEN = 2.5 IN
HEAD DIFERENCE h = 22 IN
Q=kiA WATER COLLECTED IN 2 MIN = 0.044 IN3
4 THE VOID RATIO OF THE SPECIMEN IS 0.34
Q=( 0.00 5 x 10−2 ) ( sin 5 ) ( )
cos 5
(1)
4. DETERMINE THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF THE
SOIL IN IN/MIN.
1. 743 x 10−5 m 3 1000 L 3600 s
Q= x x SOLUTION
s m3 hr
QL
L3 k=
Q=62.75 0.044(10)
hr ^¿= =2.037 x 1 0−2 ¿ ¿
π min
MODULE EXERCISE 23.02
22() 4
2
( 2.5 ) (2)
COVERAGE: DARCY’S LAW 5. DETERMINE THE DISCHARGE VELOCITY THROUGH
SITUATION THE SOIL IN IN/MIN.
FOR A CONSTANT HEAD PERMEABILITY TEST IN A SAND, THE SOLUTION
FOLLOWING ARE GIVEN
L = 300 MM WATER COLLECTED IN 3 MIN = 620 CM2
v=ki=2.037 x 10−2 ( 2210 )=4.48 x 1 0 −3 ¿
min
A = 175 CM2 VOID RATIO OF SAND = 0.58 6. DETERMIN THE SEEPAGE VELOCITY IN IN/MIN
H = 500 MM SOLUTION
1. DETERMIN THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF THE
v 4.48 x 10−3
SOIL IN CM/SEC v n= = =1.765 x 1 0−2 ¿
n 0. 34 min
SOLUTION 1+0. 34
QL SITUATION
k=
^¿= 620(30) cm IN A CONSTANT HEAD PERMEABILITY TEST IN THE
=0.0118 ¿
50(175)(3∗60) s LABORATORY, THE FOLLOWING ARE GIVEN
LENGTH OF SOIL SPECIMEN = 25 CM
CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF THE SPECIMEN = 105 CM 2
IF THE VALUE OF THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY IS 0.014
CM/SEC AND A FLOW RATE OF 120 CM3 / MIN MUST BE
MAINTANED THROUGH THE SOIL.
7. DETERMINE THE HEAD DIFFERENCE ACROSS THE
SPECIMEN.
SOLUTION
QL
k=
^¿ ¿
120( 25)
0.014=
h(105)(60)
h=34.01 cm
8. DISCHARGE VELOCITY UNDER THE TEST CONDITION
SITUATION
v=ki=0.01 4 ( 34.01
25 )=0.019
cm
s
SITUATION
FOR A CONSTANT HEAD LABORATORY PERMEABILITY
TEST ON A FINE SAND, THE FOLLOWING ARE GIVEN
LENGTH OF SPECIMEN = 250 MM
HEAD DIFFERENCE = 50 MM
DIA OF SPECIMEN = 62.5 MM
WATER COLLECTED IN 2 MIN = 484 MM3
9. DETERMINE THE DISCHARGE VELOCITY IN MM/SEC
SITUATION
484
Q 2(60) mm
v= = =1.315 x 1 0−3
t π 2 s
( 62.5 )
A 4
10.
