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Tagalog Ethnic Group Tagalogs Cebuanos: Innocencio V. Ferrer | PDF | Sociolinguistics | Philippines
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Tagalog Ethnic Group Tagalogs Cebuanos: Innocencio V. Ferrer

- In 1959, the national language of the Philippines was changed from Tagalog to Pilipino to be more inclusive of non-Tagalog ethnic groups, though this did not satisfy all critics. - In the 1960s, debates emerged around replacing foreign loanwords with new Filipino words and whether the national language should be more inclusive of other Philippine languages beyond Tagalog. - The national language issue was revisited in constitutional conventions in the 1970s and 1980s, ultimately resulting in the designation of Filipino as the national language in 1987.

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61 views1 page

Tagalog Ethnic Group Tagalogs Cebuanos: Innocencio V. Ferrer

- In 1959, the national language of the Philippines was changed from Tagalog to Pilipino to be more inclusive of non-Tagalog ethnic groups, though this did not satisfy all critics. - In the 1960s, debates emerged around replacing foreign loanwords with new Filipino words and whether the national language should be more inclusive of other Philippine languages beyond Tagalog. - The national language issue was revisited in constitutional conventions in the 1970s and 1980s, ultimately resulting in the designation of Filipino as the national language in 1987.

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In 1959, the language became known as 

Pilipino in an effort to dissociate it from the Tagalog ethnic


group.[24] The changing of the name did not, however, result in universal acceptance among non-
Tagalogs, especially Cebuanos who had previously not accepted the 1937 selection. [25]
The 1960s saw the rise of the purist movement where new words were being coined to replace
loanwords. This era of "purism" by the SWP sparked criticisms by a number of persons. Two
counter-movements emerged during this period of "purism": one campaigning against Tagalog and
the other campaigning for more inclusiveness in the national language. In 1963, Negros
Occidental congressman Innocencio V. Ferrer took a case reaching the Supreme Court questioning
the constitutionality of the choice of Tagalog as the basis of the national language (a case ruled in
favor of the national language in 1970). Accusing the national language as simply being Tagalog and
lacking any substantial input from other Philippine languages, Congressman Geruncio
Lacuesta eventually led a "Modernizing the Language Approach Movement" (MOLAM). Lacuesta
hosted a number of "anti-purist" conferences and promoted a “Manila Lingua Franca” which would
be more inclusive of loanwords of both foreign and local languages. Lacuesta managed to get nine
congressmen to propose a bill aiming to abolish the SWP with an Akademia ng Wikang Filipino, to
replace the balarila with a Gramatica ng Wikang Filipino, to replace the 20-letter Abakada with a 32-
letter alphabet, and to prohibit the creation of neologisms and the respelling of loanwords. This
movement quietened down following the death of Lacuesta. [26][25][27]
The national language issue was revived once more during the 1971 Constitutional Convention.
While there was a sizable number of delegates in favor of retaining the Tagalog-based national
language, majority of the delegates who were non-Tagalogs were even in favor of scrapping the idea
of a "national language" altogether. [28] A compromise was reached and the wording on the 1973
constitution made no mention of dropping the national language Pilipino or made any mention of
Tagalog. Instead, the 1973 Constitution, in both its original form and as amended in 1976,
designated English and Pilipino as official languages and provided for development and formal
adoption of a common national language, termed Filipino, to replace Pilipino. Neither the original nor
the amended version specified either Tagalog or Pilipino as the basis for Filipino; Instead, tasking
the National Assembly to:[29][30]
take steps toward the development and formal adoption of a common national language to be known
as Filipino.
In 1987, a new constitution designated Filipino as the national language and, along with English, as
an official language.[31] That constitution included several provisions related to the Filipino language. [3]
Article XIV, Section 6, omits any mention of Tagalog as the basis for Filipino, and states that: [3]
as Filipino evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and
other languages.
And also states in the article:
Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress may deem appropriate, the Government shall take
steps to initiate and sustain the use of Filipino as a medium of official communication and as
language of instruction in the educational system.

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