PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION
● Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud
● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality
● Ecological Theory - Eric Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Development
● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner
● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths
● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner
● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg
● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning
● Edward Thorndike - connectionism
● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement
● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modeling; self-efficacy
● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory
● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method
● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem
● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory
● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory
● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence
● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of life space
● Bronfenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory
● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual
and potential development
● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach
● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology
PROPONENTS AND THEIR THEORIES
1. WILHELM WUNDT-father of modern psychology
2.SIGMUND FREUD-father of psychoanalysis, and psychosexual theory
3.JOHANN HEINRICH-father of education and pedagogy
4. IVAN PAVLOV-classical conditioning
5.BURRHUS F. SKINNER-operant conditioning.
6.DAVID AUSUBEL-meaningful learning
7.JEROME BRUNER-discovery learning, spiral curriculum
8.ALBERT BANDURA-social cognitive learning theory.
9.EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE-law of readiness and exercises
10. KURT LEVIN-life space content.
11.KOHLER-problem solving by insight, insightful learning
12.URIE BROFENBRENNER-ecological theory
13.SANDRA BEM-gender schema theory
14.HOWARD GARDNER-theory of multiple intelligence
15.ELLIOT TURRIEL-Social domain theory
16.LAWRENCE KOHLBERG-moral development theory
17.ROBERT STERNBERG-triathlon theory intelligence
18.ERIK ERIKSON-psychosocial development theory
19.MA. MONTESSORI-transfer of learning, kindergarten preparation of children.
20. EDWARD PAUL TORRANCE-creative problem solving
21.CHOMSKY-linguistic acquisition theory
22.JEAN PIAGET-cognitive learning theory
23.JOHN WATSON-behavioral theory
24.EDWARD TOLMAN-purpose behaviorism
25.BERNARD WEINER-attribution theory
26.DANIEL GOLEMAN-emotional intelligence.
27.TITCHENER- structuralism psychology
28.ROBERT GAGNE -the sequence of instruction
29.ABRAHAM MASLOW - hierarchy of needs, motivation theory
30.BENJAMIN BLOOM - bloom's cognitive taxonomy
31.DAVID KRATHWOHL - affective domain
32.LEV VYGOTSKY - socio-cultural theory of cognitive devt , linguistic theory, Scaffolding
33.JOHN LOCKE - tabula rasa, empiricism
34. CHARLES COOLEY - looking glass self-theory
35.JOHN FLAVEL - metacognition
36.ARNOLD GESELL - maturation theory
37.JOHN DEWEY - Learning by doing
38.DAVID FROEBEL - Father of kindergarten
39.AUGUSTE COMTE - Father of Sociology.
40.JOHN AMOS COMENIUS - Fr. of modern education.
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
● IDEALISM Plato (own ideas) nothing exist except in the mind of a man/ what we want the
world to be
● REALISM Aristotle; Herbart; Comenius; Pestalozzi; Montessori; Hobbes; Bacon; Locke
(experience) fully mastery of knowledge
● BEHAVIORISM always guided by standards/by procedure; the purpose is to modify the
behavior
● EXISTENTIALISM Kierkegaard; Sartre; "Man shapes his being as he lives"
Focuses on self/individual
● PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM William James; John Dewey - learn from experiences
through interaction to the environment
Emphasizes the needs and interests of the children
● PERENNIALISM Robert Hutchins
focuses on unchanging/universal truths
● ESSENTIALISM William Bagley - teaching the basic/essential knowledge
Focuses on basic skills and knowledge
● PROGRESSIVISM Dewey/Pestalozzi (the process of development)
focuses on the whole child and the cultivation of individuality
● CONSTRUCTIVISM Jean Piaget
Focused on how humans make meaning in relation to the interaction b/w their experiences and
their ideas. The nature of knowledge w/c represents an epistemological stance.
● SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM George Counts - recognized that education was the means
of preparing people for creating his new social order
highlights social reform as the aim of education
ACCULTURATION - learning other cultures; the passing of customs, beliefs, and traditions
through interaction and reading.
ENCULTURATION - the passing of the group's custom, beliefs and traditions from one
generation to the next generation
Convergent questions - are those that typically have one correct answer.
Divergent questions - also called open-ended questions are used to encourage many answers and
generate greater participation of students. Higher-order thinking skills; to think more creatively.
90 days - enrolled bills become a law
30 days - "lapse"
■LAWS IN EDUCATION
PRC BR 435 – Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers
PD 1006 – Decree Professionalizing Teachers
RA NO. 1425 – the inclusion of the works of Jose Rizal
RA NO. 4670 – “Magna Carta for Public School Teacher”
RA 7722 – CHED
RA 7796 – “TESDA Act of 1994”
RA 7836 – Phil. Teachers
Professionalization Act of 1994
RA 9155 – BEGA (Basic Educ.) or DepEd Law
RA 9293 – Teachers Professionalization Act
RA 10533 – K-12 Law
ACT NO. 2706 – “Private School Law”
COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 578 – “persons in authority”
■KAUTUSANG PANGKAGAWARAN BLG 7 - PILIPINO NatlLng
PROKLAMA BLG 12 - Linggo ng Wika (Balagtas,Mr29-Ap4)
PROKLAMA BLG. 186 – Linggo ng Wika (Quezon,Ag13-19)
PROKLAMA BLG. 1041 – Buwan ng Wika (Ramos)
■PHIL. CONSTITUTION ACT 14 – ESTACS
RA 1079 – no limit of Civil Service eligibility
RA 6655 – “Free Public Secondary Educ. Act of 1988”
RA 6728 – “Act Providing Government Assistance to
Students and Teachers in Private Education
RA 7277 – Magna Carta for PWD
RA 7610 – Anti-Child Abuse Law (Amendment: RA 9231)
RA 7743 – the establishment of public libraries
RA 7877 – “Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”
RA 7880 – “Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act”
RA 8049 – Anti-Hazing Law
RA 8187 – Paternity Act
RA 10627 – Anti-Bullying
SB 1987 ART. 14 SEK. 6-9 – FILIPINO (National Language)
