40] 04] a: e ALGORITHM a he fe a step bu glep representat ga Bowen} a gevey “Fpreeun. eet ve i a q > dn ether Leos Ww CAM “ay Hut atgoréttans & noting but a Sequence of Fustructéoue to* seve a panteetar provid. G4. wailte a4 atgordttiny aM of Anog. Ans. 4. Start { a af we 2. Read values of AsB B.CrAtTB Ae De c c. Sep! end. Flow Chaat dt % tte qroputeal fepresentattoy of an ager tan +o solve a problems . hare ane Rome symbole useet bi ftaw cheet Cy) > oval, used for Start & Stop Z_/> parauietogran used -for Exputr/ autput [J] > Reetangies weed for prcnstag | traf @) > tonnector > used to connect thre rest of the code ® — weed for checksfon mahi Ghatement duch tat auzwer ghoutd be T/F Vand Yes/No. N = - Flow Bue, used for Afrect of flew of thee Statements .8 Draw a flee chant for adan of & nop - , 0 sms é Input value to Ay CrAtB top) & vonbte ay algorétlon and down a favo duaat -for # Dev af Q nop > ada? of 4 nos , > te perform att aoblimette. eperatbons Ane. § 4 Mart Giant) 2.Read value of Asb Sousa JET] Ye Désplay ¢ a cee #) J, Start ? 2. Read valint sf Ay BoloD C stop ) B. Sr At hte crDd 4. D&p $ S. ste nd® wrbte ay algorétton and draw tow chast to check, Qreatert ie. 2, dees a 2 Read va, of Asp, o af A>w they Display A Se the no” Ee t ay Se "6 & te tangest no”8 Wattle ay atgortiy and demo a -ftarw chant to check Smaller, ameng st . Ane de Start 2. dmpur value af Ay Boe Read \ 8. Sf AaB Ahoy check Ff Ae trey "A Pe, the Smatwel no? Ach hee Else “ef ate Smaiust mw”. AH Ace alee te heck Bf Bee Hey, & Lhe emaueet no” Flee “e fo Hu gmateect nm? .- Se Step.Pr&nt “b fe gest 0”, 8) Derennufite ioheier 'k student parsed the Xam ar nob Ang. 4, Start eg 4, 1 Anpub qraces of 4 Cowes Mao Ma» Mo anal Mq 3. Calowtate the aq qrade « Mict Met Mat My 4. 4, If ay qide < 60 then prot “PAIL” euse peel +e pags” Se——————————— ee ee eee woakfe ay algorEm and Arc flaw chaat to Afiplay av * 5 ang « qf q Ang! 4. Start 3. Read vatur 1 ty boots Dok % Ge AtDte+D+e Se Des 4 +40 As Bola DoP be Stop thine | Geateterdr — ® Wate ay atsorSth, SAGA . among amg. ae tee Chant 40 dieptow Laagest Ane. 4. Stark te 2» Read value of Ay bye / 2 Ff Ave Hey chuck Bf Are by & ps Plse “ee te ae me A fe te ‘tangest no” a 108 fe aya 058 aay Elee %e a the Lnogest- mp” e 4, “tb & ‘the Largest14) o04)4a > Commer & ay electrouke devce whit takes Enpur "& A aud gives tte destred autpur. Memo: ‘ ' Pafinar | May . Hop : 7 DB CStatfe) be. aes iia revi enalary a Di et vp Rom Coynamt) = Ds nat 4 i PRom CProgrammable Rom ‘ EPROM EEPROM TNTRopucTION Ty CO > 0 ha wade bevel poveedure orented structured Pregramm ong Lan. e. ~> H fousws “top darn Approach . 0, te ‘ iN > probing guage en % started Sy te year JAS wb’ tae Lol rag 4 FORTAN (Formula Traustatfon) 7 Kater BH tomes E, advance form Reon as ALG OL CAlgorétium€e danquage) % ; > WeaEnning of & started Oy He yenn 446g watt the language Cauda bepr (bast tombéned programing tanquage) -4, Key woores GW Ao Varrtables Be Constan 4. ddenttfeerg &e Operatong 13] 04/14 4, Wass My aoe. +ye loashe buldtiy btoc! eroqrammeeng StaLemen ie tak tg Lone of progr, ten > Meo known as Reserwea vboads fe. 2ome Aureaaly atleted to tHese waade & tha mundi se Recoguboed ty € ConpSter > Shere ane 2a wande Enc tang le. NE ie adh Mould be orton Lower case and tide eel caurt be ted as vartable names 1, auto 4+ double te Sut 252 atruck Aebreak, 40. lee 4s Lou Bb» pwFbel pease ie enum sa regbeten 4» typedef Ao char 4H. exten Ro. rebum 28. unfoy 5. comsE 13. float 24 Shore 40 UnsSqned 6 beutSuue 14, for Rh Big ned 80. vela 4 clefault — 48. goto aa. bigcof 94, Volatile 8. do 16. & 24. Sadie 220 While WManiatte > These are the named memany tocatésy woliey can estore data. Dakabpe oe LA wnt Char he float eh f —> Jn te year AAtOg A language cated Maske 2 .¥ (loeghinerg. AL purpose Symbetie dnetruc" Code) vctroducod 4rom the Language bere > dm tee gear. sane “Denke ePretuve” desfyned Cpregranetng t UAge . — Kater fn the year 1age raming & ee & Standaadiced oy sane “4 ner! Can oan SP taomas Mandard net tute) —> That veashy & Rnown as ANSI ¢ dn tne year 2000 H & standandBed by 160 (Interna tonal Standard Ovganfeation) known as 644. FORTAN + ALQ0L v bePL vo. baste —p $ ¢ ANST @ d L cag Advantages ee 1. SEupiieti a. Readabéiety 3. Moduraatt 4. Matutalnabbet Appifeatfous ae 4. For des kann system toploance ke eompéte a design » os mL ( ‘ “4 a. For desfantng applfcatfay softwares ne oo gaming applizar 1 Scanned by CamScanner4. For qraphfee related appeal fone » (c S To Cyatuate mathematfeal eg" & more. C Character Set > Character Set 7 Aser oP vaLed characterg Hab a lanquage CAN recognise oe . > A Cuaratter clenstes aw alpliabet » aigers or epectal Sy nbale used to represent Paforman . ; > € character Set f of Q types © Spurce Character “hose characterg, enterecl Nera eH Source ‘program. by *4pera oe from Reyboard . Be Executeon Characker ¢ Céscape Sequence) ° hese Chanarterg. whkey cannot be dleplayed in tee Rutpu sereey . Escape Sequence Purpose Xa New Line \b ‘ae Repace \t Tab 2p ibe, ‘ ¥ Veoufeal Tab \ ' Moeep Sound | Mert bet i form feex ie Combes return. \ 8 Sing. doa \ Deubte coat x \ Rack Slany To ene Maken p te EndbyPauad Wht Bae a 9 There ang Program ° “ype of ¢ tokens Are presens.> Before mb any vaokable by a program 4 must be declared férge. 7 Maaiable Holds te dats that can be modi? eed ausilng A. Pargrani eocecubfoy Suntan ata Vaartablenane + ig ee ntaw ty declare a vashable. qé chan as { ent bs PANE tall natfoy Ae Mandate mane» vane 5 beh ciel be 405 > Symtaot tp dectare and Euralixr a varbabe 8 gue Pye rT ale A One ene datatype variablename < value %: ent be 1s > Rules ton naming a vartarte 4s PErsk character £hould be. an alphabet outy - YOu Can use bottr Uppercase & lowercase alphabets « ae dn vaatabe Aeclararfay ex2ek2ne key words , eau beet Sperakam: > Separator, ANd Constant va are. not Allawed . B. Max ty & 83 chorackerg for wanPable name 4o Senge Space Shout be required bly Aabatype aud variable Name. S> No Space & attawed bly warbabe names 5 uty underscore & attowed. 3 Q 6. 4 Speck character underscore & Attewed AL he fergh of variable NAME. eqs 4, Enh $005 fy] ft Tt3 ae B. bub 405 x‘10. Out —Asy 4, dint adds [X | [ly] Se float a bes [X] 44. Ent sum—2s[(7] be float enh, ks [Wp>cohok a 1a Floar erses [~~ ‘are float type varkabays cy oF ai iar 3X] as there pea pe oe sDe] Char &% Sames wee 4u6floak Na—mesz & 131)\ “Woréte teem wet! ca * 4. Pmt sas[X]\_ help of Separator) 18. floatd s xX P : 12] 04] 14 & oe a proqsan ty Aboptay the output qr petit! Done bald, 4 nave to qo”. ¥* /> singe tEne comment i oy ~> Double lene comment % Welcome ALL My name & Payal Note ¢ le} oats * Varfabe declared but not Sutvalfeed that varfare eon Value. * VanFable eaunot be of type veld. * Vaofabe dectared Ensbte the funcr Be Looat and ourséde he func® & Gtobab. De Constan ht the fexed named aségned to He data Elem that Pemaine Same out prograne execut fe MMe value re const - > Mo declare a constant vantable 5 preceed the normal Vasbable eteclarat€on wey © conse? keyword : 644 const Ent 4 $405> Mere vaskable af tont & SP value & 40 and we an. Mody FI he oua pregvam execulcon fy PF Vaww thang haut q ? Constants ane & types oO. A Character Constant 2 4 eéngle alphabet datlgeror “ret ( Chetosed fy pale op singe coat & Known as charmeter Constant. eq: ‘42 bar, tae > max™ 4 tr shale oak ae Stréng ° Constant ¢ A Sequsnce oP -htphanuwerie Chan enclosed By double cont & Known as acting const. >A max m ot ace characters & attowed here & automys | cally a arity Character [No] ts added to the tack 8 Ate qtrey Stréng ‘En memory Syar . i 4 loca” Character % t Abe v Be Nunenife Couctank: 4b fs tre cont be posttQve may be meqareve . value Pn no Hat m4 | €q 8 dmteger constant 10 205.30, ‘Plesting poknt COnetant (44, 944...... 5 B 4. TenrSHe : ~? dt referg to name of variable , func” parva, btn ole unbawly Edens Hey & program - yt dn mat) > mabe & Pdenser. De Operaters, —> Operator &@ the 2ymbol tuat Operates on vankabws & rato : Coperanad PHocduces results P P varuble loperang> Operators awe ap O24 pee based upon no ap operands nsed | Je Vnasy Operstors Ho ae eeng operand - 4 tS sipped (+) | ata tt —> #ncrement ® 7 > decrement + eUnary plus A> address af > comptement Teed Symbol -3 unary menus +ta > Enerease value 4 4 Hey asign te value (Pre Encrement) : ree 7 Here aston the va 1 they Enereace by 4 (Post Grerement) “4 tpt ( Ii a DHere £9, CPre desterien) © fétgt decrease Hw value by: 1d avd they Asean. Ae value Ga Chost decrement) 3 7 > ‘Bisa Dperater Te Sheraton howe & operands are cated. MoEvany operators . de Attn met he Operators ¢ +o-3 Re) 5° he Ar RelatPonat operator, t pec, 7 fst then decrement by 4 Bell gis. yl= not equal ta) é Las Fo R's ys R=, A= Ae Logécal Operators ¢ ona? bh So WS whee Operatore ¢ Be Agsgnment Operatorg 6 +25 — sag & phi ziycieas -—2l—»A—» tae > he Chor) Feuep HEFL - AND OR onetushvets of. i $+ Tewnary Operator ( cond&tfonat operatn’’) >a ws 3 operands .Suntay “Y~~ valve = ex 1g EXPR§ exp 33 Lu > H requftes g arguements lefts MEddie & Regie > H exprecefon 4 & true Hey left Anquement & non xero then A retume MEddle Araucment - OTR cup a & fate ten D retumne rene Avquement S87 Y° aca, Ae S229 Ady BOs > Rus © Ae No & ane MAAR & CEton chould be equal a. every HON should matey wey fist before ane maak. + 96 "92 be-fottoweed ‘fl AME maak ong: Ax BO. 'tloqlig OPERATOR. DESCRIPTION PRECEDENCE AgsocaTivity Evel o>) Funetfoy call Cj “Array subserspb 4 Nett & > Arrow operator Regut . Dot operator + Var - bnary menus He Anerement 7 Decrement | Logfcat not R RF t keft = One’s Comptement x Anafrectfon a Add reee, (datatype Type Cage Shee of Sigg Fe bysOPERATOR. * / te aps ce >> “hz DESCRIPTION PRECEDENCE LEVEL Meutteplfeatton D2veebow Z Modulus Add éton } 4 Substractfon left chee ! = Regd ehcp lese +han les than or equal Greater than 6 Gleater than or equals Equal to : Not Equal to I q DBéwuke AND 8 Cétufee XOR 4 Betuwbee OR 0 Logfoat AND 4y log beat oR 4Kn 13 ConA Ponal opera tor AcsEan ment 14 Opera torg Comma Operator ASSOCIATIVITY Left to Rague Left Peg ue Left t Req Left b Rane Lett to Ri kt Le¢t +o rahe lett t Right left to Pit left +o Right left REque REgut +o left Regu to Lefe Left to REAUE—> Every operator hag & Peeper ° mere CPrecedencé) Ao Acco evel > pakorby detetmEnes fy whbey order tre gives expressEoy WELL be ¥ eveluetted > ane define. tne akrecn by wonecy the operator en Same precedence can be evaluated x © ove ia level % 19514 hae assockasty Reghe to lef ARITHMETIC OPERATORS 1 Xe B44 ees a Xe o*4S)*C = Bat 26 e gtqts 2 Ag — = 162 8 2 3% 4 +h ( Se) nine 7) ase ea Ae pXr are ach = 4R fo & Dh Me ja = rx Fre Xz a-— Xe--a sy Cog 2 « ae-4 aey Paknef (tA, tea”, Cus Exh) A Beer — tte Cvauan Afree™ Reaute | —9 by S~ a | a Steps for Mulbeple Operatéon. 41, CAleutate All te pre operabzons ae Place te vals So CAleuate ate the poet express eywp Aet Axe Att + +ta + att tta Now Arz aes Cateentaténg pest operad Qe &. & Ard Ae Arh BS te ae Ae A>~R — Arg Ae Qa. pest opera’ - Az4 By Ax att w tta tatt +targ . ara Ae 2 +4 e Utaes post opera?? ae 8 is [04114 ay Arcs be Att t+ +444 4-- | +446 Ah* 646466 a Aw xe 48 =b ; Fl) Poet pears be 18 Fs thermenk Azb / Decrement B= -fénal Aus .Sr ae is be Att & +44 4+ tea be FR ID + IF = Asd+ it b= Qoe a 4e &% aes Az Att 444 + tra Ar tnx +4 ae “WAtae & aesg By ace bed eee Ae Att —b-- + +40. Be O—-e+4 = -at4 = Otarg = 4 ° arf a fre. arb beb % 6, (ae & ot Post AzStirle be t-1L°6, Ext A+~ AOS BR See 26 RO 0 Ae824 22 F213 BAe ag we Logtca Tok of any Pateger >O— ae are So a+Se4 I LS ==0 » on t b Get caval) © 4 tl lgr=o @-o aes h 4 no aed ASSIGNMENT OPE pATOR HSS th ake sy ete 8 Gaeanes GL Wer Ut _ ay +t Goe eres PU+EAS TERNARY OPERATORS A+ |2 © 0<5 f ar 40 ey 0 A 3 nog wth 1 Sp lorkte a progam to fara. argent To among op 1 tovatfonal operater. ~ B+ Walte a progam te {End whether 4 m0 be ve or -ve aig tonatttonal operator. BEHOKE * Nawaher eouverslsy | Syste No Diglis aofoa | 14 f ® yas Oo 4 >) deciwal 0-4 ‘ (d) O¢kaL ony (ig) Hexadeckwal $ te&xs (0), = (2). a a Dechua @ bEvary couvers toy + 4 a * (0004048), faany tw _dedual 04010 SBA ° tt » (40), HEC)» = (29, “(om 40000, 000400 00 Ey o Gy &+ 1010 > 10 0001-5 Lorry 1010 « 40 DOlle g 1104 « 19 BRR ROR“25 hPtuekee operertorg at wank, not ly Evdeber Values. By Aro be ars be4 e 4 &beg a a Ly Al bap A © 0000 0404 il alee a aie bya tone ssn, . SS peed Wot 0000 0100 Ab = (0000 0400) +45 As 0000 0404 bs 0000 0400 0000 oL04 A Ib = (0000 o404), «(4p A Ab = (00010015 « (1) w. > Arig be ay A -f00n1114) be (00044000), 00004444 00041000 Oo000414 44 ase ooo i iid 00044000 Fol a® a4 28 99! 9° Abb-000 0 pays , ey Sete 2 8 teh ae sas p0o00 444d 00011000 r0004C O11 4 4 4b Lesa F dot4tats © MES 2H<< (uel et aye - => (efgnt shifd 2 >” 7 ae Lenapimend regain rs a ot lox 4 = 10xQ +20 ~ s0)ae exs lo2et w(ld) « —Go+s) + ~ $4 ay [as a]?2 x40 (4)¢9 * (D000 ood RAGA LALO O22 2 res Ths oP EE sumed Drop beb | Added bet | bet 0000 0404 Hho <4t4aeS’ % Wee Le? te 4D 72000 10 10 (0019 oF 04020 4, xo 2oo4 2 Aga oe Deop ell e 16 +4 (2045 D> xee2 +40 © a FgBa ® 0) ae ~~ 9204041000 RPI! SATS © yooeeweEA_m—_Es_mmeeeeeeeees bY Hora Nz10 0000 sohe © 10] 9% F Wly ek Go00 004d). a v (“1D vs) = -(-14+D r 6 - 10 COMMA OPERATOR 4#25 be Bs Xr * comma ae a to Ae : X- (4tao btea)s Make. theste P ——> Dy Bs bebta Bo be Batra > (© > am. Strweture of aofoq|44. Prepareceseon oltrective Glebal. vasfable dectonabtoy atu 0) 1 jlovat varfabe declaration 3 Prvgoum bealy + Encwde Seon f (%%% 4, Sb) § Exclude ° fatres (SOEs 2", bd; Vall maty o> ' CHE Arlo, bs poe Pahle Cpe ha, 45 Patt (enter wae tor) ¢budpud + Qe 4d enter vane for b ao bra 4F Eucute <étdfo.h> at Enctuole he ace a types of Fnpurtrg and upping fumeifoy.. 4+ Formatted, fp or ole Punehfoy pataegen — ofp Scanfl) — 1/p a+ Vatormatted Vp or olp tunerfon Puke) —> o]p qeelo 9 A). Formatted dmput -funekfoy bcant CM eontraLetréngn,, Avannama) 3 © Formatted dubpub sfunctay patute (“ text "3paulintg (" coutnal stein”, vaniable) s Ta opal Aecfdes woliel kend of data a vastable ean. hotel. > Iba pes pee ane Wine ‘ veern lie datatypes Are aan. te work white baste ea (Ents chats ftoat) = — qied ‘te work usbisy poiubiéve aata ty Pe Qe 4 rrau 5 antl 9 patter eqs tong C Short futs waved thars ore Naas Beate) de ja eee Debelt hen PD and PD 7 Support user. reqvfrementg Whey pe qo for we aefened da es Structure, anton 5 > enw 2 tah 4 portiatttve datatypes ase. tere . Ti g, (3 be ape «bee Range REA Example Chas | 1 bite 128 4 12° 4 a? siq ned char ‘l tt ie Wseaned. byte: 0 +,.45c° he fd. char : Z Ent |sbaned & bite Saease a, sud bearer a ea 5-4 + 34369 wel ned. & bute i ei oO to a 4cu ny d 6589S fewtong ent | y byle —atuauescae ld YER aL Signed tong ent & +2149U4g 96494 Vusfaned Loni 4 Byte. 0 4 4aq44ezaqds */olu (atu. tnt Sherk Be] @ byte — 82468 by *loha stqned short nt + 32964 Uneta ned short a oe Plow Db . 6se3S 1 Suk yee 0 be Ploat H tyre + Supe aud Hof Ana, 204 Deawote 6 tile eae SE sy tog gt 20K ‘oth 6a 18-4 +44 3 : $04 Aube 10 Mute oe ty wife? eet — Bea, “repaid ned op wnslaned known as ely auattfeens Wat Te sign oe tod. ov ] oe x shot, bong are known a8 eine quatffens tras a bige Eno Eon Tiypecasting EK Af you waut tr perpery arftunel® operartoue on Afferent arena they of boy te wnanente aoe of game. Ancatyype tho! retuay vyatue. whl be Aa pe Bit Eat —» Be fleaks Hoat —9 -ftoat hemen e te if see Beta a ate wlll ke hui ole anny aeEto float —> float ‘1 24 pecasting B the porvcore of convening Burcelnents pe value fubo anda aetenre tt fe of & types 3 fochmplicet typecastings tf we are tovmenitng tower dasatipe fro Ufaher’ elect: pe % % known as IT. 34 & done by conptler. vafol may LD Bub feis ftoat fs fe fell t- GiB 2h? Sn conpéer Pritt (tod OE, 243 7 10 10.000000 } Ae Expliett = petanstng deme aoe tau cnig Z Aatoope yadue bo Lewen datatype tren f & Venue explicit recat: > Here datatess or trunkatfon me happen . Vofol maine) Ink z float f & loves [eet]x e(iu)ts pateae (Ht tod eR 2s $8 1D) tora, } —OTK of" 4 Joalia Sire oy & rater ga keyword that Con be usecl to fe CAleulate bie Bb a aatertypes v fable or constant me t 8 xeot ( vasa [eoustant/ pers dt Always rebum ‘sina cd Eateger. éx2 veld mafic et #3 4 prbrtt (od ee deze f Ent pe” éigeof Ceuv)s I a Prats (ole d 6 Fee of tomy chimtype?, efzeeh (float) 1 4 Print ("tod bs sPse of van, sbcoad (SD) 3 Ile, PAPE (tod Re soe conetant, sfze ee (us)$ IA, Lontney Structure | Statement ene ¢ >Sie execution of Pow af program & Under te COMETOL ‘of ‘con! flow statement. dt attows “ue to change ithe Gequence of Eustructfey far entecutény ) ° + 4 sie , } Selectfoy Statements | ¢onaf-fonal benching 2 Af -elee BH-eve- —> Heke taddep Nested fHelee Surbey %, doosybog | Tieantfoy Statements + eid fer . # ieee pag Statement ? courtnue qo—— = Fis aise Supe a Statements Helps te ump grows eu et a pao feel n bbe aapeuaing “capon wWhekur panueular ends gaaiedizad or par nok :, ‘i Sratement § Soak cee, > Bick Cex pressfon) * JS Sbabement ¢ sal te expressfey evaluated as true ee the, jouewotng bicek_ whit be executed >Hi tu expression & evaluated xe fate ten He txecubfoy H te block wsfu be Eqnered . Here no semfeeey after Hu test expression because he isunitfen amd Stakemeitt shout be. put yaee, aan Afugle statement. 4 > HE Hue Ltatement £2 4 statement EXt yey mail) epee] cent braces & $ Far te log > 42 more Hay 4 Statement < : APE present uePirfy statement 72 block, curly braces ase Brts ri i pompano sr SE 5 Sh Hu dhe statement vteck bed Aintonianioaty teumbrated whet A fe aot & peckfeed ney ext gant? CateVala maky ¢ 4 OlP pature (thette\n)s he pakut f (% niln 3 ye # (6) PrrutP (* wito>)s Prfutp (% bye »)5 Ro B-elee d > ele Be ake ‘aha ty nek ele park We Can create Alternate biock fon 2 seen 4b 4 the euty one block can be aeculed fe. Ef condtifay & fader ty Puly we ean go fer ele pant: EL (conan | expreseéon) ‘ . | z Statements : ee “Statement 45 Statement 23 aS Br walle a paegrane to deck a gbven no & ve or ve suhag Helse. Aus. # Puctude <6bdfo.y> # tretude d prtutt (Hod fe +ve no, 23 se in potest Clled & nor +ve nom, ot) 3 oom be Warfte a program check wher a a Ane. H# Pnctude' poutt (# evegfole ) 7 Peale Cee pouty (* mot ettydbu) me T2ruu 0g i fut 5 / potutf (# enter ase”) Beant (bod *, hage)s H (age > 18)%- Haeke-Sf | ffnelee adder Siucax ‘ et Cenpress oui) Statement 45 : tle # Cexpresedos) Statement as eee Statement 35 af the eXpreaston 4 evaluated ag true, Statement 4 WAL be executed : SH expaa ge evaluated ac fotze control uf move to clee paar. H We Want to execute anoter cond”, exp 4 uP be evaluated. tH et fe true statement 2 wil be executed tL St fe fake 4£ual elee block. weft be executed . & watte A. progran +o +ett whettun the entered moh Vl s —ve or equal to AIO. : fe ; Ans. tb Encude (ttdfo.hy # Enclude fue mafu ld ant US parkurg (burerca vawe?)$ Seanf (od, AW)S Cot == 0) te (40d fe rsro» oth) 5 partutt (% No fex0n0”) eee Bf (%>0) paturt (“to ob fe +ve np % 005 tise pots (Ted fewteve mo» *)$2 webine Fe f we ase sorbhing A-clve block, Hun tb fe known as ected EP-elee . 4 (tonabtLou] expresefon 2) 4 # (ConelPi Boy 2/ ex precafon 2) 1 ; Il stmt block § else 1 Istmet Locks eee Statement blocks Q- wre 4 peogram to ener, relat Eon bv) és 4 2 vankabus Wwe Tested arid concept . “¢ AMS. 4 Euctude VaPd mabaty i ent abs ise ("Buter two vanes NE ("hdd kay ks Ie 2 he 1 bar &e)$ I je 3p 4 (arb) POEM ("oad fe greater’, a)3 7 n poe nd 85 qteater", Ws Le Prete ("aod Bo equal to ea" ash) s8: wrbte a Program +o enter make Of a Student gu ore then calcutte We totals aggregate and afertag He | of a ttudene vent f-eue~ Fp. 5. awe oe Sud keys rq we can create selectboy Ltatement Ely rmoubspie ‘adie. > Ht 2s 4 mune deciafon Statement £e. a Sémpiified version SE ff else Lanek, tal evaluerter ome varfable - PF mutteple chakee can be Created by uebuq case keyroord > SuPtY Charement requfrce a condilfy or isterement of expression ap Entegra type Cénteger | choracten) z > ee reayfrep constant value or éourtant er 2Xpreserous One» & transfers coutrol ty ctatemente usbtain ta bai Sunctaxs Bukicy Ctonstant | expresstn | yarabe) gz Case constant ts Il Statement block $ break $ Case London ds Il S-atcement block $ break 3 defaute % I Srarement block 5 ? FER Chararter= 0 —ase 4@© @ or 122) 4 Scanned by CamScannervous Har w2 be mapped wR tase touslant value aH +8 of execurt torrespendéng block & avaflable troy comire) wot pase to drvaponadh cade. ot A we Bac of trecubfay mMatcling case Be mob Avatlable cpu wii pass to legate beck t RT rence multeple beocke wale shige condbifey . 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Syutant + nun tagname From t+ valued, Const as vAleR ceils pt enum — COLBUM, Red, bypeen 5 baie » Pinks vafa moafuc’ Zum estou 6% Ce Rea +45 parbines (8 od DR Ce bua +45 0 4 go 4, ponte (teled ‘ed ‘led thd Tod", Red greeny Mine , Pétks¢) 3 a ed thd hj Aa’, Red arten bifie, Pek, a;x #Enclude wed for eestag wen defend mame fr exteting — olabatypes- typedef danatype Wondsfiued aaues # Enctude ft 4 want t Accse var outeite te funcifan then pakuttn & used ag a qr opie Vises _of_ Pokaten: ~> hecessEng Annoy elem, soretwuing Mare than one Valu. rol 4 Mousey? ad “d fi Accessfag aqme Allocated siaeaal Fe meng dora gkructure Uke , Uuk Let. bree. qeapha Bytan tb ereate a pofiver vanfable dedatupe ¥ pafurevarfabye name Gxs tub *ps Uke ofur vanfables pokiurer warfare Bautd aleo be Declared before befug used > Here b fe mame oP pofuer vartable whi veprécente Aeclargr Bp an Ent. pokater. t ? > tthe pobuter varfable hame shoud be a valfol EdeuttPeen. —? Heu dar pe & known ao te base, ooh a pobuter 7 "Se (®acteniok an 2s poturer varname Zafeums Lomptler Hat vas t. Aenaned 42 patitten EX? float *p, —> Fa shoud padut address ap am PPoat'van ut *P>ePea potter. hak ehourd poknt tw addron of aw buteger var F dar * Fa > ty f% 4 pabarea that qhautd pedir © address OF al harncter yartor Hey and. wet aleo | have some aeldresc. ta nen | att pot: emg EreespertPve tet ase *yre mF decupy game space En mem luce all “op them Cnuidine Aaddrecees ouly- “Y AK by tee aré weed tb Store 4 Hu tompBter Allocate, 2 bytes fora pobiter ¥A%. sefaulng addressee ty Paftor Waafable = pmy we declare a paPuter yar, EF loubatns qarbnas, values may be. pokiaten ag ee fr He mem ¢ 7 8 you have to assfan an. address before. wating & eh Me page 9° | > Pobuter are Aleo van, go wmpfter wohl teserve Space | | | n address £0 y Cuh v Eptrs Pur bel03 Epit = ats I hestngnbag pobuter var > we tan. aeekgu loustant 6 to 4 enter ef am re: 1 - aumbolfe constant NLL be Aefeued Mm wwe denotes Hie value AAD. . > The asefgnment Of Nutr tb 4a pabuter anantees tat 2s dvewt pout to any val neninny Locar toy . exe ut *Bptns Phere NULLS > Opera borg used & Potter. ¥— Sndtoecton [vase at addrese operator. Rm address of operator ROH & wed vem value at address 4 paturer & ebuténa to bod rene” base addres / staating address of 4 van - -_—Q> WAP w create S paluter yan (fut >» Wars float), these var uf vat Bowe adaross and a the value ater” ge ‘poenter.. Avs .( vad maul) vald waka | 4 2 fut * Epir , fs fuk €= 405 * Eptrs float * tins te Ry ftoat teaoess * tptry Ue * cptr, chs char che}, * opts é- 4105 i Fe An otms Ch stats i mr oot $ one ow ne maen l) at eet" 2 2pm ' But €245,% Epir= aes | oe obese | float fe goes, | Mar cy n'y, * oper l $ fpte PAEREF (“lod *lod"y Bs sf [ass 10 10 1004 2002 abet [ofr fot, tie | paket led ME, $5 tpi) § Jie os ANS BO | Looe Butt ("lye tte’, chy *eptr)s|], loc a A A, | oy Ho, 4 o paiug ("hu on thn ', £8 5 Pptrs A Spr) s I 1000 1000 200 $yok maf cr aa] ii ftq 4a Ast Co Yo4 fut * pers pire Bas tone 000 pen * Ars10> beRos ; pecintt [bd ody ack) /f 10 eo } # pire 303 Pér= &bs ‘bs 403 PAPE ("lod Hed od", 4sboxpirds ff 20 40 40 qerencrs t vail mafntd 4 Bn- Arboes Pur *pirs pire kag Ae 1D > beads = BOS Prete ("tad cod td hats Arbrty *pedsil o 26 30 B * Pere os Ptre kbs bz B0% Prbutt (led ed ted ed's Hebets Are keg é KPH e405 Ys J pedint} [bd ed tow ne, 49), Rptrs &pit mn 3 // Gunns % vw pedgy 40 80 2 80 qo 40 2000 100% eS*Pabiten varkabe Gullattecd wsflte nun fe known as Tut pot, i “actey ee We to clack, sheds op a pofinter. be to Bune, ; bo A politer pefiss manson Loatoy ar & & free. to boi dies *H damaet Mott ety adaace ak ta Hust couarioy - Lown pointer, tt a pabinten variable whi & nat Eufbeatfeod aah al) addase usin ae wStd pofuter . od & Pturutioe ee a. eFuter » because’ wSteut aad pelie ty some Sya- soy teat : Gyasale | safe PoButen ok MA potter whifey dan aLeose malta. ig herd of ie a a TORE es Ain| datotipe vaatable . veld ®P Da Potter. Sf a pobiter wanbatic & pafulfua ty Eraviove aa denst wai tasty oH % caued 2 ing P ten -PeSurer ‘do Pobuser a sie um sto addrue if pelator vari pynfable with Rn r varia B fome sewn oun as palin. te pobier yaodabe 7th te goa wed. lle pased Spot | P 4 te “paliten, waofabis ; Node + sup. pelt ¢ ** pabaomaue 5 Exe fut FE DS #ouwude xep) 5 If (tale oud. polincr val by wal, #eAp)s 0 | pany (nate fle = nd > baye f (ep) «thd sate 4 (tte) ed yenpee) » ote [RB)? alg (meq) 3 a & * Pole ApBametic rations on paliteritso polaten 7s f Sequenteal eae (te p-9) Gia") ~ Nett addrese = cusvwit i eae .) x ene ers NA = 4 +06) (alee 9 datas Nhe th -(D» Gege ‘veld vaakue> i fuk AL J+ $10, 20, 30, Uo, wots PE *D, ¥4, ts 1600 joe 004 qb \ 08 a ols [al 4] 3] 1* & alps “a cam [1006] 400% ante te address & thw "SPST be ee ees du ear (000 + Ax + 100% pet phon nent addiese fe b's 4) 3 [148 Nae 16 -AxL = 104 te pe ptas 4 44-45 plate ("0 hu, pod) s | bore loo = Pas PMMEL (Md fe no Af clomunte betwen', v)s ||. zl os GFae % Anbatypa- * Sut Azl05 fut *Ps Pe bas ebige of (2) 5 NF she f(tP) 5 N18 stgeef (a5 NA stgef 4 I Preecence of Aereferencing operator and Lucrenent | decre. “ment Aperakor ¢ | eine precedence: level of x (Fuelfreetfon_Laereperenctng operate!) and tnerement and decrement operator & Lame and | asgoriattvely & from. tk : We howe 4 Casee +» oleal web . | 4, ooo => *hltt) & Read data & move peuter to next toe. Ae fas aa ~? Move po€uter tp next loc. & tead dala a ere a +e (ptr) > Read data & Lncrement data 4o@pt) ++ 2 Pucrement data (value at pin HF OR as woo 1002 ()- ptr ty X= *4tptr X= t+ + ptr : 38 © Rb Xe 8 i X= &per) tr TA.Posuten Cormpasiie on >"dbe retasfuat operatong (>92o=525>=5 12) Can be Weed webin patter . too. ~The Operator (== Al) bs used +o lompane te potters tl for Fitcng wolwestrea wowrafa same adeirers OF nob. | al | 2 mt wile be equal eu Ade nuh ee contain Addteag of Came vasfabte « 7 he retatfoual Operaterg are valQl bln peutere of came type. ° neven > He aoutunetf, Opera" Hat com, be performed on Patiters are 4o AAddfoun Muleepleeg't 9 Aivbefoy_ ap 2 otirerg | Ao MuretriPean bla a pofnter and 4 Constant Se DEveehon ef pokurer by ano op douetant- 4+ AAA Eon “op foo | dle values ty 4 potter . Posusea duel Arca Notes ‘ Ys lo understand retatfaushsp oP paitors vsfitr vale eel RAL Some pofats ‘ na? ’ Ctemeneg of aM are Are stored 8 consecutive, bneriiae Socatfan . % the tame f an area &s pesueg t LF a elem! base address of array . > We cam, Suenerment Gy contkant pebreer. ay kee pobaten goBiametfe voken. 4 ester yarkrby & Meremented » PE pocnig Hh next locar op & constant paduter that a your array alao Rnousn ag As base typeQe WAP prot he abut. ah) addrese of element pp (Ss pane comraticding S euteg ef Ang: vatol malic) Bur ales £454, o> US$ s fue £3 for liz os £ee$ P44) 2 patinty t* vatur of ADthd]. edlt" > & Ale) 5 porns (" Aactrese of & [eld] «You lt "> fo aatel); g tooo 1002 Wm 106 18 ’ 4 ata “t : o i 2 (6 4 ole Vale of alo}=4 — -AdAress oP ad] = 1000 Vame of alt] -4 Address of alt] « 100% Vater of alk] 3 Addis of @2) = 1004 VOlue a alajey uw " ald] + toog yi ee Yk abi]. Looe > val mahi 7 tube als] = 44,4,5, 406% 5 Pub ey far (teo 4 fe $3 f+) z paket (" Vatue 4 alod|- Udlt"> 8 *a+O)$ pring (8 Address oP a Med] e Slou\e"s 21a +293 4Be Kaltl« a+? ate] = *(a+#) > KevessEng Array Elemente vy palvrer netatfon Fo faster than atlasdi lan o F pt notalzey beritte Comptes Aubserfr nokafon. ty pormten Adcom athe, changes Notat eon, “Wa un acco, tre arag elements i tenn ee fe Lommutaltye Be. ale same ae ela] ~ We had seen eaatfer that alt] & caytvalent t * (at -atow we caw a that *(até) & equfvalent tk F440) al#] —» * (at —> #(f+a) + 2[a] 06 [12 ]14 Qe WorSe a Pepe to draverce ariay clsmcnty Eng poPuter axel ey sia \adaried ‘a vi at qt, cements . P fea] oz, a MES veld mofncy sat a] | a] Bs $ c fut ala] - 110540, 30,40) s a Bu fs Ralo] beag, Pte Peas Pe gapoy ete fo (Bo; Reuy ton = (0D + 4A = 1004 ant 4 4 PME ( “address of Ald] = SOU\t', 8, (re8y)s Pott C*Vawe of ald) MAVEN, 8% Cp439)) 5Gubsepting pofiter, varbables mabat) Peasy itPe ha [0] far (2e04 bey 5 St) pakutt (*adcrere of AChd] «iu thu thu \t's ® gale], (ar®) » @+2)5 patnts (" Vawe fa Cbd] © thd tea od lt" & Al], *+!) "(pees lp. hadress of alll « 1900 1000 1900 Vawe ob able 0 lo Pobiter oo Are tn tao prevEous program. we had 4 peerter Writ potted reapte elements Of array: we Can Algo lectare a pall a that can polit to whole array Lustead of ie dement of 4rret Sate, podaeen. & vse for eae i are? . Symrars Grote (# poBareename) [skal] 5 eve ut (*P>[to] 5 Hene p be a pabter tat can poet wan array af to Cnteqerg -gt ey to cuctose your. pokuter vane webtePr & " Py2yten bo au Arras of 4D S we type of pofister P q ogee! ~ Vafd wahoo z Bak a [4] $105 20, 50, 104 § Cup es Pub ( pir) [4] 5 Ul Pouter tm aren f A futegone * Tue *Ps t Pobater ty Oe. a 1 Peasy Pe ale] Ja iae ewe rE 6 peu wee . Abnd [ Y ceae of CP) = of", be honda. s fel Fi exe of (RP) At, ae nts fey $244) Peta CVawe are ‘bed ", * ( 3 raze ay Address are “en, *(at?))3 oo Jesters oe | @ [» [e[ar] tooo ae +008 = 1008 1006 Ly Gare) L 7 * (2 at&) * low + 0x2) © €1000—=> 10 * (tan + 1x8) Pe \oo2 > #0ee eet Peak peodas I Refercusbag array 4 Sutegerp Ka trtt $ ” aap (Melo! wy pets 1 100s % aventp ( '2hoe of (pHD= 4 ¥, eee of (PEt) i ("age aCe pe) teats HOE PHD? # i i ot [1814 td ae of charather a area a Eutegerg » rea ¢ fet 2 arta erate Atra posurer? St al iting but a of ee ond volt want) i Sub ala] « $10, 20,90> 4043 fut Bs fa *PLA]s I Array pefntem fer (2-03 £445 fF) Pre] « Kal? for (2-03 feu3 t+) pel fut (* food) e ou let, & PII) + ‘as PLobd] = fled \t "> 2» *CPDD)$ i UE a alg) 402 or a | zo | 4o toe ae 1006 An 2 1000 Z o} +10 0 pb] PC) Pld tla) : “ 1900 | 1002 floo4| 1006 a on 4) 2 & 2000 802 AMA Abveee a S* Wake ASP bln patieter b aie and are of potnrear. deh “exemple . oe eo Aud Husetioy We oan wee pokieter concept uxfty funet fey Funct? otter | Pakirer to sear Ce known ae pothten 7H Reet to store addres of flan to 4 eefon. . ‘ ot abe b Abaodthg oP executable tote of a function Atte than olata. . Pu eeP on Tount tan. be used tp A ee uted, 2 con ato be pasecd at au. yp niene a be Fetuoued from 4 func - ote acluautage oF wetha tafe concept fe Eb can be used. site Sure of ee to wake te tole siuptfer ane MEuflee. he toae . datatype C* polntername /fdouttty) larg Leek) 3 4 & Sau 46 Punetion H Sheutd bo bame 5 “ag eiPon. Aeauennens. type Retvou. *YPe- Erowplos wap to Hpi qo name. wilng function pobuter HEUAUALL ALD, Ds vob Afeplag 3 iets Meise ; iat ae veFaA mahil) i z Voll @ptry ty 4 I FunetPow pobiter Aeutaratfou. Pitre Falters I ptre Heptay s . Bplayes s I Norman Fumactlon_ cayeres : atfele [Fe at]? ae ores & wap Hh fPad Bunt a “nad laments ee pobten s Foes Penang Peter A tune cou a on ARATE oe Tetuou A pernber y Count ret adcdrene oP a tocot yan bron uae & led tp [tocol to than Pane” bal + 8 WAP ty ehauh, greatert among & nog ust thee Lomeeph Fuacefon Petusuth Wher. . the ¢ Bishan ules Sut > Pud Man (B®, Eat) 4 void mata A b a oa Ent abs 100 tubteys prtntp (“ener a noe) § $end Max (*m,*m) Sauk ("nd bd, Lan keys We feud Mar (2a ab)5 hed ("od Fe lange to)s |] 20 fuk Ptutmar( tiny > at tag) (>80 xX of a ee ny) _blp stipe “A RO be lage: Peto Nag 404 [12 rer fh [14 a aut BaAk woe hae dau VEU nowo ind stale aay allocation Ge. tae mean stge tae we dan tb Verb fe of wu oais “{ ex ecuttoy . op page > dn many apptfeate A fe not poee Pole to prectice Mow wiley would be needed a wee progam Ab Pur time. 5 sae ex. los Tub A = 3 aa array fre Gbge Ba speclPed ab completion Heme. fe. ae thw tue op alectartng year arnag au. have tv spec aua Sige. A probleme can. occurs ® tue firgt case & Be wo oP values to be Stored dan be tse than tHe s8ye of the atraq- fence there wohl be wastage f wenden . ® ap we usout to Store ware value than We Abase of aay tere fe no enone memaay TO overcome. teese probleme we shoul> be ble to Allocate monary ae THM +ime —y The peroeess of allocating memery At oe Ene of execulfou Fe called. Anau ery Allocatfoy 7 We allocation and felease of the memor opaee can. be. clone uot eome precopEied functions oe Prorotype are found. fn stale — Muse functtoun take fre a aten area kien as heap aud r. Hike wen, weber Fequtred 60 that He Same MeMetYy can: bd Mzec) age for Gomme bbe purpose. (|Appitcoafon vaumery Kes matloe() > Wed wp Ueale Agranl mannory [er ¢? vlack CalLoel) —yused to create Agee mae oruy Comulteple lock] vealloet>ty vakge a, apace alt peaked mevnsr freed (Enurease clecr¥ace) { lL» dealtocate the | creakeal merely maloel) destanattor malteet) § ‘yak * wane (slob 2bxt)3 —> Aafe functfow f wseol to alweate Wem ay arene tke Abge- specbhees ap of bybee to be Allo > SPu-b veptesente wae & unaligned Puseger On euleess > mato 0) Ou fale > reqs NULL “LT macro conskant reo 4 pokiier. to Ack by of waitype > Ba renew? peluter ee , Sa Ou te typecast * appuprime We aT = > an gt we cau wekles pre (datatype *) mattec (sree ‘ ‘ ie Gone te Expr ant ae | eluments oly Apa Wamery succarioy - es veld malo i Cut #P > ons wae (Néntea no af we Ds Beang (Mod's 05 IS Pe (ue * ) mnauine( i * sfyea{ (B18) 5 m4 == sou) pobney ("Alt Suppfedenk memo 93 Tits t if for (2-05 fen $ £44) HN enber value ded "> Pr 4)$ Cee. pres ie (' elementg fr DMA are!) 5 for [eco 5 22n $ P4t) pater (MbA"s ¥ (pt) $ tree LF); I eae), euosodfons yal *tanroeteby=t—#ge) § veld * cauoe( Sige-b Ms alget sft) s wo ef blockg 9 sar block, BP5e> "hie -funcifen & used to allocate niustFple btoens of Men, r beoel ud “> The ‘tds ieee epectfes aot me ine . Seconal ? St fe comuonar £inilar to mae pune uefin 2 waty AFtpecences ¢ ma uec 0) calloct) . Sk ee > FH taker 2 anguuments 4h, fee fe. no of tor > slat of q Sh es broek, DH & wet bm auceric => fe fe yeed by Alloerte mutt Eple beoekg oP block_ oP nol ~> The mem Allocated. > Men Allo cabed caulocy| } mastoees op not fut af not MS faised eliurafier Alsed tourafus qt Aue 08 depaute value Vatue. 10[12|14 Be lOAt to fEnd eum of arn element hyn mento ailacontae haan, “f F q ayer t Ane. H Sretde ActAfo.ys 10 bytec ah ws - mafnc> Fir = (fnt*® Jmnatipe (n % eho 1) Mt rr Eas fate cog 5 /Pre teas) fAlloc( ny she ef ttn patnesll cuter no op elements!) ; v- Beant ("Md", Buds iis re Sealed Px(€ue#) entine (ns stge of fut I]-o bivekg byteeto £atk & byte fe Probate (Mensea wate") los Pe = ae Pr TOIL 000 Tere Teo Scauf (* iod* , (p+2))s Segget : + *(p+2) ; Aes arte, ised fe eum, 2)5 '000 Tear ops. ee24 |L0¢ Derraraszen ¢ veld *yeatce (vabd “pir, Slge-L newebya) 5 " dn > pir = Gut #) matloc Ls ge) s | | | pire (Ena) ‘reettoe (pits new ste) $ | ——. | des fune® fs wsect to car or peekge seu q ote block, H astern the 48 of metry buck, who oe data. |> dts fo RnowN at peaUveasdn. ap mennasy o> dP the new sbae fe, Last agen ee etd capa Fe mot Roet )) aud the Newly auiocared® Lyree ane unbutifaled . > the aintlig a Aclrese contafn in -pabuter pir ma change BH ttrone Fe not enppPefent meme At the of adctrese tp étore att tre bytes consecrate block, bi the data ef etd Lioce Bs nob tock - > Mihfe fume wiover conden of btd block Ento te new | > bu faflure rearooe fane retuons NvLL. | Be WAP wo create a namk. memory 4o etere Enftéall Pubegor wabues tum Edeeat misttin Pucegens mea realtoe, funct and dfs abl He values. dues vod matey an XD > tong pant ("enter no oP etemenig "> ¢ Scout (Uo s Bud 3 Ines Pent ®) mate Cn * sBeob Gua) 5 Il 10 (Pee Nv) He [I Melnary not gubpfefent ") § bs (0) §paure (* enter 5 Sureger varutt 3 : 2 Cbet3 beg, Pb Seat Comey tp+8)) 5 | Pr (8b #) reac (pram leige aphid) § if es ae pf more 4 fa ] aE (pee avid | 2 Pertett (4m entorg nok euppeckentH) § | eacft (0) 3 f Poet 08 Siten 4 more braeger aeAmee ")§ igre €e4 » £44) Scant CH tol LA Cp+edds t Pefate (1m Aeptay. as elements “) % fer lbnos pea aos iil ("414 *p40)s freedp)s free) § Sybase § veka free (vad *P~s Cin qenesal we ean uw prdike funen G used 49 Tree (ptr) s cAoaltooate | Peleace tu memo Be. Sceupled by MALLE oP Latroe ie. > We whit not qt 4 error & We doy? wl AtLocated coal te 't Pree the Sunawiall be. memor el ay ee Hog lad ty A | saa | Ate the “ Man er 7” ae Peden Loud. be: eu