See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/336513159

Lecture I - Internet Programming (IP)

Presentation · October 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.14380.00640

CITATIONS READS

0 2,154

1 author:

Estifanos Tilahun Mihret

Mettu University
32 PUBLICATIONS   4 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) View project

Lectures View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Estifanos Tilahun Mihret on 16 October 2019.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 Mettu University
Computer Science
Department

Mettu University Estifanos T. (MSc in

Computer Networking)

Computer Science Department E-mail:

cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Internet Programming
Course Code: CoSc3101

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)

E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.com
Web Site: http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com

October 11, 2019

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb
Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 0 / 22
 Mettu University
Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

LECTURE ONE
Introduction to Internet Programming

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 1 / 22
 Mettu University
Outline Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

Overview of the Internet E-mail:

cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
World Wide Web (WWW) http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Client/Server & Peer-to-Peer Network Architectures

Web Principle
Internet Protocol (IP) & HTTP
Web Site
Web Site Evaluation
Client Side Scripting Languages
Server Side Scripting Languages

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 2 / 22
 Mettu University
Overview of the Internet Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

What is the Internet ?

The public Internet is a worldwide computer network, that
is, a network that interconnects millions of computing devices
throughout the world
Most of these computing devices are traditional desktop PCs,
Unix -based workstations, and so called servers, that store
and transmit information such as Web (WWW) pages and
E-Mail

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 3 / 22
 Mettu University
Overview of the Internet... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
What is World Wide Web ? http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com
World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of information
resources accessed primarily through the Internet
It is a set of Internet protocols and software that present
information in a hypertext format

Hypertext is a text which displayed on a computer display or

on other electronic device with references (hyper link) to
other text that the reader can immediately access
WWW is a computer-based network of information resources
that combines text and multimedia

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 4 / 22
 Mettu University
Client/Server & Peer-to-Peer Architectures Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
Client/Server Network Architecture http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Client/Server network is a distributed network in which many

workstations (called Clients) are connected to a central host
computer (called Server)

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 5 / 22
 Mettu University
Client/Server & Peer-to-Peer Computer Science
Department

Architectures... Estifanos T. (MSc in

Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com
Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture Web Site:
http://cosc-
In a peer-to-peer network, workstations are connected to each meu.blogspot.com

other and do not rely on a server for global software and data
Its major roles are data processing tasks, or communication
within the network
Each workstation can be a client at one time and a server at
another time

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 6 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Principle Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
How the Web Works ? http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com
To access the web, a user must have a computer that
connected to the Internet and appropriate browser software.
Such as Firefox
The connection between the user’s computer and the Internet
can consist of a permanent (dedicated) connection or a
temporary (dial-up) connection
Basically, two pieces of software are needed to access the web:
I Basic communication software
I Web application programs

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 7 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Principle... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
How the Web Works ?... http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Basic communication software:- that a computer uses to

transfer data across the Internet

Basic communication software, usually built into the

computer’s operating system, allows the computer to interact
with the Internet following a set of protocol standards that
are collectively known as TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol /Internet Protocol)

Because it is built into the computer’s operating system,

TCP/IP software remains hidden from users

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 8 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Principle... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
How the Web Works ?... http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

The operating system (OS) is the most important program

that runs on a computer
Every general-purpose computer must have an operating
system to run other programs and applications

Computer operating systems perform basic tasks, such as

recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the
display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the
storage drives, and controlling peripherals device, such as
printers

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 9 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Principle... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

How the Web Works ?... Web Site:

http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com
A web application program:- known as a browser that can
contact a web site to obtain and display information
Unlike basic communication software, a browser is directly
visible to the user

To access the web, the user must invoke the browser and
enter a request
The browser then acts as a client
The browser contacts a web server, obtains the requested
information, and displays the information for the user

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 10 / 22
 Mettu University
Internet Protocol (IP) & HTTP Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
IP - Layer 3 Protocol http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network-layer (Layer 3)

protocol that contains addressing information and some
control information that enables packets to be routed

IP represents the heart of the Internet protocols

IP has two primary responsibilities:
I Providing connection-less, best-effort delivery of data-gram
through an inter-network and,
I Providing fragmentation

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 11 / 22
 Mettu University
Internet Protocol (IP) & HTTP... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com
HTTP - Application Layer Protocol
HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
It is an Application layer protocol
It is used to access a WWW and accompanying data over
Internet

HTTP’s syntax format is: http://www.xxxx.xxx. For

instance, http://www.cosc-meu.blogspot.com

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 12 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

What is Web Site ? E-mail:

cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

A site or website is a central location of various web pages Web Site:

http://cosc-
that are all related and can be accessed by visiting the home meu.blogspot.com

page of the website using a browser

Web page is a single hypertext page which is accessible via
Internet

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 13 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Types of Web Site

Generally, there are two types of web site/web page
I Static Web Site: it is a site which does not frequently
update; Usually, it gives similar info to its users
I Dynamic Web Site: it is a site which does frequently
update; Usually, it gives different ad vast info to its users

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 14 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)
Web Site Design Tools/Editors E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com
Currently, there are different web site design tools. Some of Web Site:
them are as follows http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

I WordPress
I Joomla
I Constant Contact Builder
I Site Builder
I Gator Builder
I Divi
I Weebly
I Adobe Photoshop
I Adobe Dreamweaver
I GIMP
I Sketch, Xampp(Backend tool ) and others...
Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb
Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 15 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site Evaluation Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:

Why Evaluate Web Sites ? http://cosc-

meu.blogspot.com

No one judges the quality or accuracy of information found

on the World Wide Web before it is published
So you must evaluate what you find for yourself

Some sites are created by experts; for example, the University

of Maryland Libraries site is authored by librarians who have
expertise in the field of information science
However, the vast majority of World Wide Web sites are
designed and authored by non-experts

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 16 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site Evaluation... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
Web Site Evaluation Criteria cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
Accuracy of Web Documents http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

I Who wrote the page and can you contact him or her?
I What is the purpose of the document and why was it
produced?
I is this person qualified to write this document?

Authority of Web Documents

I Who published the document and is it separate from the
”Webmaster?”
I Check the domain of the document, what institution
publishes this document?
I Does the publisher list his or her qualifications?

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 17 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site Evaluation... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site Evaluation Criteria... Web Site:

http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com
Objectivity of Web Documents
I What goals/objectives does this page meet?
I How detailed is the information?
I What opinions (if any) are expressed by the author?

Currency of Web Documents

I When was it produced?
I When was it updated?
I How up-to-date are the links (if any)?

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 18 / 22
 Mettu University
Web Site Evaluation... Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Web Site Evaluation Criteria...

Coverage of the Web Documents
I Are the links (if any) evaluated and do they complement the
documents’ theme?
I is it all images or a balance of text and images?
I is the information presented cited correctly?

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 19 / 22
 Mettu University
Client Side Scripting Languages Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

Major Web’s Client Side Languages

Hypertext Transfer Markup Language (HTML)

Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)

JavaScript (JS)
Java Applet and others...

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 20 / 22
 Mettu University
Server Side Scripting Language Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
Major Web’s Server Side Language meu.blogspot.com

Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)

Python
Ruby

Perl
ASP.NET
Tcl and others...

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb

Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 21 / 22
 Mettu University
Computer Science
Department

Estifanos T. (MSc in
Computer Networking)

E-mail:
cosc.meu2005@gmail.com

Web Site:
http://cosc-
meu.blogspot.com

View publication stats

Estifanos T. (MSc in Computer Networking)E-mail: cosc.meu2005@gmail.comWeb
Mettu University ComputerSite:
Science
http://cosc-meu.blogspot.com
Department October 11, 2019 22 / 22