001 111

IP
101
11111
11
111
1 11
1 11
1111 1 1 1
11 1 11 1
11 11
0
1

1111 1
111 11
11 1 11 1
11 1 1
111
1 11
Addressing

and
Subnetting
Workbook
Version 2.0

Instructor’s Edition
 10010101
00011011

10000110
11010011
 IP Address Classes
Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)
Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Host . Host . Host

Class B 128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Host. Host

Class C 192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Network . Host

Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0

Produced by: Robb Jones

jonesr@careertech.net and/or Robert.Jones@fcps.org
Frederick County Career & Technology Center
Cisco Networking Academy
Frederick County Public Schools
Frederick, Maryland, USA

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch

for taking the time to check this workbook for errors,
and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series.

Workbooks included in the series:

IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks

ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks
VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbooks

Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites.
When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this way.
It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.
Inside Cover
 Binary To Decimal Conversion

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Answers Scratch Area

1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 146 128 64
16 32
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 119 2 16
146 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255 2
1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 197 119

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 246

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 19

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 129

0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 49

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 120

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 59

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 7

00011011 27

10101010 170

01101111 111

11111000 248

00100000 32

01010101 85

00111110 62

00000011 3

11101101 237

11000000 192
1
 Decimal To Binary Conversion
Use all 8 bits for each problem
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255 Scratch Area
1 1 1
_________________________________________
0 1 1 1 0 238 238 34
-128 -32
0 0 1
_________________________________________
0 0 0 1 0 34 110 2
-64 -2
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 46
_________________________________________ 123 -32 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 14
_________________________________________ 50 -8
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
_________________________________________ 255 -4
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
_________________________________________ 200 -2
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
_________________________________________ 10
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
_________________________________________ 138
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
_________________________________________ 1
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
_________________________________________ 13
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
_________________________________________ 250
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
_________________________________________ 107
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
_________________________________________ 224
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
_________________________________________ 114
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_________________________________________ 192
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
_________________________________________ 172
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0
_________________________________________ 100
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
_________________________________________ 119
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
_________________________________________ 57
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
_________________________________________ 98
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
_________________________________________ 179
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
_________________________________________ 2
2
 Address Class Identification
Address Class
_____
10.250.1.1 A
_____

150.10.15.0 B
_____

192.14.2.0 C
_____

148.17.9.1 B
_____

193.42.1.1 C
_____

126.8.156.0 A
_____

220.200.23.1 C
_____

230.230.45.58 D
_____

177.100.18.4 B
_____

119.18.45.0 A
_____

249.240.80.78 E
_____

199.155.77.56 C
_____

117.89.56.45 A
_____

215.45.45.0 C
_____

199.200.15.0 C
_____

95.0.21.90 A
_____

33.0.0.0 A
_____

158.98.80.0 B
C
219.21.56.0 _____
3
 Network & Host Identification
Circle the network portion Circle the host portion of
of these addresses: these addresses:

177.100.18.4 10.15.123.50

119.18.45.0 171.2.199.31

209.240.80.78 198.125.87.177

199.155.77.56 223.250.200.222

117.89.56.45 17.45.222.45

215.45.45.0 126.201.54.231

192.200.15.0 191.41.35.112

95.0.21.90 155.25.169.227

33.0.0.0 192.15.155.2

158.98.80.0 123.102.45.254

217.21.56.0 148.17.9.155

10.250.1.1 100.25.1.1

150.10.15.0 195.0.21.98

192.14.2.0 25.250.135.46

148.17.9.1 171.102.77.77

193.42.1.1 55.250.5.5

126.8.156.0 218.155.230.14

220.200.23.1 10.250.1.1

4
 Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:

188 . 10 . 0 . 0
188.10.18.2 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10 . 10 . 48 . 0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
192 . 149 . 24 . 0
192.149.24.191 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
150 . 203 . 0 . 0
150.203.23.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10 . 0 . 0 . 0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
186 . 13 . 23 . 0
186.13.23.110 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
223 . 69 . 0 . 0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
200 . 120 . 135 . 0
200.120.135.15 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
27 . 0 . 0 . 0
27.125.200.151 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
199 . 20 . 150 . 0
199.20.150.35 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
191 . 55 . 165 . 0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
28 . 212 . 0 . 0
28.212.250.254 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

5
 Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:

0 . 0 . 18 . 2
188.10.18.2 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 80
10.10.48.80 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 11
222.49.49.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 230 . 19
128.23.230.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 10 . 10 . 10
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 11
200.113.123.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 23 . 20
223.169.23.20 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 215
203.20.35.215 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 15 . 2 . 51
117.15.2.51 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 135
199.120.15.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 135
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 25 . 54
48.21.25.54 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

6
 Default Subnet Masks
Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
177.100.18.4 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
119.18.45.0 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
191.249.234.191 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
223.23.223.109 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
10.10.250.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
126.123.23.1 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
192.12.35.105 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
77.251.200.51 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
189.210.50.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
88.45.65.35 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
128.212.250.254 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
193.100.77.83 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
125.125.250.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
1.1.10.50 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
220.90.130.45 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
134.125.34.9 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
95.250.91.99 _____________________________

7
 ANDING With
Default subnet masks

Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to
look at an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesn’t think
that way. For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address
it must “AND” the IP address with the subnet mask.

Default Subnet Masks:

Class A 255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0

ANDING Equations:
1 AND 1 = 1
1 AND 0 = 0
0 AND 1 = 0
0 AND 0 = 0

Sample:

What you see...

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

What you can figure out in your head...

Address Class: C
Network Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33
Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP address
with the subnet mask in binary.
Network Host

IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

Default Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (255 . 255 . 255 . 0)

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the
network portion of the address.

8
 ANDING With
Custom subnet masks

When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into 16 smaller
networks (192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64, 192.100.10.80)
the outside world still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the internal computers and
routers see five smaller subnetworks. Each independent of the other. This can only be
accomplished by using a custom subnet mask. A custom subnet mask borrows bits from
the host portion of the address to create a subnetwork address between the network and
host portions of an IP address. In this example each range has 14 usable addresses in it.
The computer must still AND the IP address against the custom subnet mask to see what
the network portion is and which subnetwork it belongs to.

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0

Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

Address Ranges: 192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15

192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31
192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample below)
192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63
192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79
192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95
192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111
192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127
192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143
192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159
192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175
192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191
192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207
192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223
192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239
192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255
Sub
Network Network Host
IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 . 10 . 33)
Custom Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 (255 . 255 . 255 . 240)
AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits borrowed from the host

portion of the address for the
custom subnet mask.
The ANDING process of the four borrowed bits
shows which range of IP addresses this
particular address will fall into.

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to determine
the correct subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.
9
 How to determine the number of subnets and
the number of hosts per subnet
Two formulas can provide this basic information:

Number of subnets = 2
s (Second subnet formula: Number of subnets = 2 - 2)
s

Number of hosts per subnet = 2 - 2

h

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of binary
bits used. For example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the address use
the number of subnets formula to determine the total number of subnets gained by
3
borrowing the three bits. This would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets
To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary bits used
in the host portion and apply this to the number of hosts per subnet formula If five bits are
5
in the host portion of the address this would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts.
When dealing with the number of hosts per subnet you have to subtract two addresses
from the range. The first address in every range is the subnet number. The last address
in every range is the broadcast address. These two addresses cannot be assigned to
any device in the network which is why you have to subtract two addresses to find the
number of usable addresses in each range.

For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can
easily determine the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two formulas.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The number of subnets The number of hosts created by
created by borrowing 2 leaving 6 bits is 26 - 2 or
2
bits is 2 or 2 x 2 = 4 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62
subnets. usable hosts per subnet.

What about that second subnet formula:

Number of subnets = 2
s-2

In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is similar
to the first and last host addresses in each range of addreses.

The first range of addresses is the zero subnet. The subnet number for the zero
subnet is also the subnet number for the classful subnet address.

The last range of addresses is the broadcast subnet. The broadcast address for the
last subnet in the broadcast subnet is the same as the classful broadcast address.
10
Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0

195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.255
Notice that the subnet and
Class C Address subnetted (2 bits borrowed): broadcast addresses match.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(Invalid range) (0) 195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.63
(1) 195.223.50.64 to 195.223.50.127
(2) 195.223.50.128 to 195.223.50.191
(Invalid range) (3) 195.223.50.192 to 195.223.50.255

The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do pirmarily with
the broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are you sending it to all 255
addresses in the classful C address or just the 62 usable addresses in the broadcast range?

The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you to
determine which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last subnets.
Use the chart below to help decide.

When to use which formula to determine the number of subnets

s
Use the 2 - 2 formula and don’t use the
s
Use the 2 formula and use the zero and
zero and broadcast ranges if... broadcast ranges if...

Classful routing is used Classless routing or VLSM is used

RIP version 1 is used RIP version 2, EIGRP, or OSPF is used

The no ip subnet zero command is The ip subnet zero command is

configured on your router configured on your router (default setting)

No other clues are given

Bottom line for the CCNA exams; if a question does not give you any clues as to whether or
not to allow these two subnets, assume you can use them.
s
This workbook has you use the number of subnets = 2 formula.

11
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0
Address class __________C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.240

Total number of subnets ___________________16

Total number of host addresses ___________________16

Number of usable addresses ___________________14

Number of bits borrowed ___________________4

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
16 Observe the total number of
Add the binary value 64 hosts.
numbers to the left of the line to -2
create the custom subnet mask. 32 Subtract 2 for the number of
14
+16 usable hosts.

240

12
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 2
Number of needed subnets 1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________10

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128
64 +64
32 192 64 Observe the total number of

Add the binary value 16 -2

hosts.

numbers to the left of the line to 8

Subtract 2 for the number of
create the custom subnet mask. 4 62 usable hosts.
2
+1
255
13
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 3 /26 indicates the total number of bits
used for the network and

Network Address 148.75.0.0 /26 subnetwork portion of the address.

All bits remaining belong to the host
portion of the address.
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________10

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128
64 +64
32 192 64 hosts.Observe the total number of
Add the binary value 16 -2
numbers to the left of the line to 8
create the custom subnet mask. 4 Subtract 2 for the number of
2 62
1024 usable hosts.
+1
-2 Subtract 2 for the total number of
255 subnets to get the usable number of
1,022 subnets.
14
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 4
Number of needed subnets 6
Number of needed usable hosts 30
Network Address 195.85.8.0

Address class _______

C
Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.224

Total number of subnets ___________________8

Total number of host addresses ___________________32

Number of usable addresses ___________________30

Number of bits borrowed ___________________3

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64 32 8
+32 -2 -2
224 30 6

15
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 5
Number of needed subnets 6
Number of needed usable hosts 30
Network Address 210.100.56.0

Address class _______

C
Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.224

Total number of subnets ___________________8

Total number of host addresses ___________________32

Number of usable addresses ___________________30

Number of bits borrowed ___________________3

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64 8 32
+32 -2 -2
224 6 30

16
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets 126
Number of needed usable hosts 131,070
Network Address 118.0.0.0

Address class _______

A
Default subnet mask _______________________________255.0.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.254.0.0

Total number of subnets ___________________128

Total number of host addresses ___________________131,072

Number of usable addresses ___________________131,070

Number of bits borrowed ___________________7

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

4,194,3042,097,1521,048,576524,288262,144131,07265,536
Number of Hosts
32,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

- . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 65,536 131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . 5121,0242,0484,0968,19216,38432,768 .
Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64
32
16
8
4 128 131,072
+2 -2 -2
254 126 131,070

17
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 7
Number of needed subnets 2000
Number of needed usable hosts 15
Network Address 178.100.0.0

Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.224

Total number of subnets ___________________2,048

Total number of host addresses ___________________32

Number of usable addresses ___________________30

Number of bits borrowed ___________________11

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64
32
16
8
4 2,048 32
2 -2 -2
+1 2,046 30
18 255
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 3
Number of needed usable hosts 45
Network Address 200.175.14.0

Address class _______

C
Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________4

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________2

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

200 . 175 . 14 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128 4 64
+64 -2 -2
240 2 62
19
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 9
Number of needed subnets 60
Number of needed usable hosts 1,000
Network Address 128.77.0.0

Address class _______

B
Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.252.0

Total number of subnets ___________________64

Total number of host addresses ___________________1,024

Number of usable addresses ___________________1,022

Number of bits borrowed ___________________6

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

Number of
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 . 77 . 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32
16
8 64 1,024
+4 -2 -2
252 62 1,022

20
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 10
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 198.100.10.0
C
Address class _______
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 192
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
4
Total number of subnets ___________________
64
Total number of host addresses ___________________
62
Number of usable addresses ___________________
2
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

198 . 100 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128 64 4
+64 -2 -2
192 62 2

21
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 11
Number of needed subnets 250
Network Address 101.0.0.0
A
Address class _______
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
256
Total number of subnets ___________________
65,536
Total number of host addresses ___________________
65,534
Number of usable addresses ___________________
8
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

4,194,3042,097,1521,048,576524,288262,144131,07265,536
Number of Hosts
32,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

- . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 65,536 131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

. .
5121,0242,0484,0968,19216,38432,768

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32
16
8
4
2 256 65,536
+1 -2 -2
255 254 65,534
22
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 12
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 218.35.50.0
C
Address class _______
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 224
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
8
Total number of subnets ___________________
32
Total number of host addresses ___________________
30
Number of usable addresses ___________________
3
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64 64 4
+32 -2 -2
224 62 2
23
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 13
Number of needed usable hosts 25
Network Address 218.35.50.0
C
Address class _______
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 224
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
8
Total number of subnets ___________________
32
Total number of host addresses ___________________
30
Number of usable addresses ___________________
3
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

218 . 35 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64 8 32
+32 -2 -2
224 6 30
24
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 14
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 172.59.0.0
B
Address class _______
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 240 . 0
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
16
Total number of subnets ___________________
4,096
Total number of host addresses ___________________
4,094
Number of usable addresses ___________________
4
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024

Number of 512
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32 16 4,096
+16 -2 -2
240 14 4,094
25
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 15
Number of needed usable hosts 50
Network Address 172.59.0.0
B
Address class _______
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 192
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
1,024
Total number of subnets ___________________
64
Total number of host addresses ___________________
62
Number of usable addresses ___________________
10
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

65,53632,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 16,38432,76865,536
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512102420484,0968,192
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 59 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64
32
16
8
4
2 128 64 1,024
+1 +64 -2 -2
255 192 62 1,022
26
 Custom Subnet Masks
Problem 16
Number of needed usable hosts 29
Network Address 23.0.0.0
A
Address class _______
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 224
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
524,288
Total number of subnets ___________________
32
Total number of host addresses ___________________
30
Number of usable addresses ___________________
19
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 16 in the space below.

4,194,3042,097,1521,048,576524,288262,144131,07265,536
Number of Hosts
32,76816,3848,1924,0962,0481,024512

- . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of 65,536 131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304

.
5121,0242,0484,0968,19216,38432,768

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 .

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
.00000000.00000000

128
64 32 524,288
+32 -2 -2
224 30 524,286
27
 Subnetting
Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0
Address class __________C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.240

Total number of subnets ___________________16

Total number of host addresses ___________________16

Number of usable addresses ___________________14

Number of bits borrowed ___________________4

What is the 4th

subnet range? _______________________________________________192.10.10.48to192.10.10.63

What is the subnet number

for the 8th subnet? ________________________192.10.10.112

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 13th subnet? ________________________192.10.10.207

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet? ______________________________________192.10.10.129to192.10.10.142

28
 Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) 0 0 0 0 192.10.10.0 to 192.10.10.15

(2) 0 0 0 1 192.10.10.16 to 192.10.10.31
(3) 0 0 1 0 192.10.10.32 to 192.10.10.47
(4) 0 0 1 1 192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63
(5) 0 1 0 0 192.10.10.64 to 192.10.10.79
(6) 0 1 0 1 192.10.10.80 to 192.10.10.95
(7) 0 1 1 0 192.10.10.96 to 192.10.10.111
(8) 0 1 1 1 192.10.10.112 to 192.10.10.127
(9) 1 0 0 0 192.10.10.128 to 192.10.10.143
(10) 1 0 0 1 192.10.10.144 to 192.10.10.159
(11) 1 0 1 0 192.10.10.160 to 192.10.10.175
(12) 1 0 1 1 192.10.10.176 to 192.10.10.191
(13) 1 1 0 0 192.10.10.192 to 192.10.10.207
(14) 1 1 0 1 192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223
(15) 1 1 1 0 192.10.10.224 to 192.10.10.239
(16) 1 1 1 1 192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255

128
64
32 16 16
+16 -2 -2
Custom subnet Usable subnets
240 14
mask Usable hosts
14

The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In this
problem the range is 16.

The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcast

address.

29
 Subnetting
Problem 2
Number of needed subnets 1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________10

What is the 15th

subnet range? _______________________________________________165.100.3.128to165.100.3.191

What is the subnet number

for the 6th subnet? ________________________165.100.1.64

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 6th subnet? ________________________165.100.1.127

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet? ______________________________________165.100.2.1to165.100.0.62

Should be 165.100.2.62

30
 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512
Number of
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -
512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
Number of

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) . 0 165.100.0.0 to 165.100.0.63
1 165.100.0.64 to 165.100.0.127
64 128 (2) 1 0 165.100.0.128 to 165.100.0.191
Usable -2 64 (3) 1 1 165.100.0.192 to 165.100.0.255
hosts 62 32 (4)
16 (5) 1. 0 0 165.100.1.0 to 165.100.1.63
(6) 1. 0 1 165.100.1.64 to 165.100.1.127
128 8 (7) 1. 1 0 165.100.1.128 to 165.100.1.191
Custom +64 4 (8) 1. 1 1 165.100.1.192 to 165.100.1.255
subnet mask 2
192 +1 (9) 1 0. 0 0 165.100.2.0 to 165.100.2.63
The binary value of the last bit borrowed is (10) 1 0. 0 1 165.100.2.64 to 165.100.2.127
(11) 1 0. 1 0 165.100.2.128 to 165.100.2.191
the range. In this problem the range is 64. 255
The first address in each subnet range is the (12) 1 0. 1 1 165.100.2.192 to 165.100.2.255
subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the (13) 1 1. 0 0 165.100.3.0 to 165.100.3.63
subnet broadcast address. (14) 1 1. 0 1 165.100.3.64 to 165.100.3.127
(15) 1 1. 1 0 165.100.3.128 to 165.100.3.191
(16) 1 1. 1 1 165.100.3.192 to 165.100.3.255

Down to

(1023) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 0 165.100.255.128 to 165.100.255.191

(1024) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 165.100.255.192 to 165.100.255.255
31
 Subnetting
Problem 3 Hint: It is possible to borrow
one bit to create two subnets.
Number of needed subnets 2
Network Address 195.223.50.0
C
Address class __________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 128
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
2
Total number of subnets ___________________
128
Total number of host addresses ___________________
126
Number of usable addresses ___________________
1
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd 195.223.50.128 - 195.223.50.255 subnet

range? _______________________________________________

What is the subnet number 195.223.50.128

for the 2nd subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for 195.223.50.127
the 1st subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 1st 195.223.50.1 - 195.223.50.126 subnet?
______________________________________

32
 Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.
Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) 0 195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.127

(2) 1 195.223.50.128 to 195.223.50.255

33
 Subnetting
Problem 4
Number of needed subnets 750
Network Address 190.35.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________1,024

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________10

What is the 15th 190.35.3.128 to 190.35.3.191

subnet range? _______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 13th subnet? 190.35.3.0
________________________
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 10th subnet? 190.35.2.127
________________________
What are the assignable
addresses for the 6th
subnet? 190.35.1.65 to 190.35.1.126
______________________________________

34
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of
16 32 64
Subnets - 2 4 8 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
16 8 4
Binary values - 128 64 32 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0
190 . 35 . 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 190.35.0.63
. 0 190.35.0.0 to
(2) 1 190.35.0.64 to 190.35.0.127
(3) 1 0 190.35.0.128 to 190.35.0.191
128 (4) 1 1 190.35.0.192 to 190.35.0.255
64 (5) 1. 0 0 190.35.1.0 to 190.35.1.63
32 (6) 1. 0 1 190.35.1.64 to 190.35.1.127
16 (7) 1. 1 0 190.35.1.128 to 190.35.1.191
8 (8) 190.35.1.255
4 1. 1 1 190.35.1.192 to
2 (9) 1 0. 0 0 190.35.2.0 to 190.35.2.63
+1 (10) 1 0. 0 1 190.35.2.64 to 190.35.2.127
252 (11) 1 0. 1 0 190.35.2.128 to 190.35.2.191
(12) 1 0. 1 1 190.35.2.192 to 190.35.2.255
64 128 (13) 1 1. 0 0 190.35.3.0 to 190.35.3.63
(14) 1 1. 0 1 190.35.3.64 to 190.35.3.127
-2 +64 (15) 1 1. 1 0 190.35.3.128 to 190.35.3.191
62 252 (16) 190.35.3.255
1 1. 1 1 190.35.3.192 to
35
 Subnetting
Problem 5
Number of needed usable hosts 6 Network
Address 126.0.0.0
Address class __________A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.0.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.248

Total number of subnets ___________________2,097,152

Total number of host addresses ________________

8

Number of usable addresses ___________________6

Number of bits borrowed ___________________21

What is the 2nd

subnet range? _______________________________________________126.0.0.8to126.0.0.15

What is the subnet number

for the 5th subnet? ________________________126.0.0.32

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 7th subnet? ________________________126.0.0.55

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet? ______________________________________126.0.0.73to126.0.0.78

36
 Number of 4,194,304 2,097,152 1,048,576 524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 1,024

Hosts -
8,192 4,096 2,048
512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

32,768

Number of 512 1,024 2,048

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 4,096 8,192 16,384
65,536 . 131,072 262,144 524,288 1,048,5762,097,152 4,194,304

16 8 4 2
Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
000 0 0.00000 000
126. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0
(1) 0 126.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.7
128 (2) 1 126.0.0.8 to 126.0.0.15
128 (3) 1 0 126.0.0.16
64 to 126.0.0.23
64 (4) 1 1 126.0.0.24
32 to 126.0.0.31
32 (5) 1 0 0 126.0.0.32
16 to 126.0.0.39
16 (6) 1 0 1 126.0.0.40
8 to 126.0.0.47
+8 (7) 1 1 0 126.0.0.48
4 to 126.0.0.55
2 248 (8) 1 1 1 126.0.0.56 to 126.0.0.63
+1 (9) 1 0 0 0 126.0.0.64 to 126.0.0.71
(10) 1 0 0 1 126.0.0.72 to 126.0.0.79
255
(11) 1 0 1 0 126.0.0.80 to 126.0.0.87
8 (12) 1 0 1 1 126.0.0.88 to 126.0.0.95
-2 (13) 1 1 0 0 126.0.0.96 to 126.0.0.103
6 (14) 1 1 0 1 126.0.0.104 to 126.0.0.111
(15) 1 1 1 0 126.0.0.112 to 126.0.0.119

(16) 1 1 1 1 126.0.0.120 to 126.0.0.127

37
 Subnetting
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 192.70.10.0
C
Address class __________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 240
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
16
Total number of subnets ___________________
16
Total number of host addresses ___________________
14
Number of usable addresses ___________________
4
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 9th

subnet range? _______________________________________________192.70.10.128to192.70.10.143

What is the subnet number ________________________192.70.10.48

for the 4th subnet?

What is the subnet

broadcast address for ________________________192.70.10.191
the 12th subnet?

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet? ______________________________________192.70.10.145to192.70.10.158

38
 Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.
Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
192 . 70 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 192.70.10.0 to 192.70.10.15
(2) 1 192.70.10.16 to 192.70.10.31
(3) 1 0 192.70.10.32 to 192.70.10.47
(4) 1 1 192.70.10.48 to 192.70.10.63
(5) 1 0 0 192.70.10.64 to 192.70.10.79
(6) 1 0 1 192.70.10.80 to 192.70.10.95
(7) 1 1 0 192.70.10.96 to 192.70.10.111
(8) 1 1 1 192.70.10.112 to 192.70.10.127
(9) 1 0 0 0 192.70.10.128 to 192.70.10.143
(10) 1 0 0 1 192.70.10.144 to 192.70.10.159
(11) 1 0 1 0 192.70.10.160 to 192.70.10.175
(12) 1 0 1 1 192.70.10.176 to 192.70.10.191
(13) 1 1 0 0 192.70.10.192 to 192.70.10.0207
(14) 1 1 0 1 192.70.10.208 to 192.70.10.223
(15) 1 1 1 0 192.70.10.224 to 192.70.10.239
(16) 1 1 1 1 192.70.10.240 to 192.70.10.255

128 16
+64 -2
240 14
39
 Subnetting
Problem 7
Network Address 10.0.0.0 /16
Address class __________A

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.0.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Total number of subnets ___________________256

Total number of host addresses ___________________65,536

Number of usable addresses ___________________65,534

Number of bits borrowed ___________________8

What is the 11th

subnet range? _______________________________________________10.10.0.0to10.10.255.255

What is the subnet number

________________________10.5.0.0
for the 6th subnet?

What is the subnet

broadcast address for ________________________10.1.255.255
the 2nd subnet?

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet? ______________________________________10.8.0.1to10.8.255.254

40
 Number of 4,194,304 2,097,152 1,048,576

. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts - 524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096
2,048 1,024 512

Number of
. 512

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536 . 131,072262,144 524,288 1,048,5762,097,152 4,194,304

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

10. 0 0 0 0 0 000. 00000 000.00000000

to 10.0.255.255 to
(1) 0 10.0.0.0
10.1.255.255 to
(2) 1 10.1.0.0
10.2.255.255 to
(3) 1 0 10.2.0.0
(4) 1 1 10.3.0.0 10.3.255.255 to
(5) 1 00 10.4.0.0 10.4.255.255 to
1 01 10.5.0.0 10.5.255.255 to
128 (6)
1 1 0 10.6.0.0 10.6.255.255 to
64 (7)
1 1 1 10.7.0.0 10.7.255.255 to
32 (8)
000 10.8.0.0 10.8.255.255 to
16 (9) 1
8 (10) 1 001 10.9.0.0 10.9.255.255 to
4 (11) 1 0 1 0 10.10.0.0 10.10.255.255 to
2 (12) 1 0 1 1 10.11.0.0 10.11.255.255 to
+1 (13) 1 1 00 10.12.0.0 10.12.255.255 to
255 (14) 1 1 01 10.13.0.0 10.13.255.255 to
(15) 1 1 1 0 10.14.0.0 10.14.255.255 to
10.15.255.255
65,536 (16) 1 1 1 1 10.15.0.0
-2
65,534
41
 Subnetting
Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 172.50.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.224.0

Total number of subnets ___________________8

Total number of host addresses ___________________8,192

Number of usable addresses ___________________8,190

Number of bits borrowed ___________________3

What is the 4th

subnet range? _______________________________________________172.50.96.0to172.50.127.255

What is the subnet number

for the 5th subnet? ________________________172.50.128.0

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 6th subnet? ________________________172.50.191.255

What are the assignable

addresses for the 3rd
subnet? ______________________________________172.50.64.1to172.50.95.254

42
 Number of 65,536 32,768
16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 50 . 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1)
0 172.50.0.0 to 172.50.31.255
(2) 1 172.50.32.0 to 172.50.63.255
(3) 1 0 172.50.64.0 to 172.50.95.255
(4) 1 1 172.50.96.0 to 172.50.127.255
(5) 1 0 0 172.50.128.0 to 172.50.159.255
(6) 1 0 1 172.50.160.0 to 172.50.191.255
(7) 1 1 0 172.50.192.0 to 172.50.223.255
(8) 1 1
1 172.50.224.0 to 172.50.255.255

128
64
+32
8,192 224
-2
8,190
43
 Subnetting
Problem 9
Number of needed usable hosts 28 Network
Address 172.50.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.224

Total number of subnets ___________________2,048

Total number of host addresses ___________________32

Number of usable addresses ___________________30

Number of bits borrowed ___________________11

What is the 2nd

subnet range? _______________________________________________172.50.0.32to172.50.0.63

What is the subnet number

for the 10th subnet? ________________________172.50.1.32

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________172.50.0.127

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th
subnet? ______________________________________172.50.0.161to172.50.0.190

44
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

Number of
16 32 64
Subnets - 2 4 8 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
16 8 4
Binary values - 128 64 32 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0
172 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) . 0 172.50.0.0 to 172.50.0.31

128
(2) 1 172.50.0.32 to 172.50.0.63
64
32 (3) 1 0 172.50.0.64 to 172.50.0.95
16 (4) 1 1 172.50.0.96 to 172.50.0.127
8 128 (5) 1 0 0 172.50.0.128 to 172.50.0.159
4 64 (6) 1 0 1 172.50.0.160 to 172.50.0.191
2 +32 (7) 1 1 0 172.50.0.192 to 172.50.0.223
+1 224
(8) 1 1 1 172.50.0.224 to 172.50.0.255
252 (9) 1. 0 0 0 172.50.1.0 to 172.50.1.31
(10) 1. 0 0 1 172.50.1.32 to 172.50.1.63
(11) 1. 0 1 0 172.50.1.64 to 172.50.1.95
(12) 1
. 0 1 1 172.50.1.96 to 172.50.1.127
(13) 1. 1 0 0 172.50.1.128 to 172.50.1.159
(14) 1. 1 0 1 172.50.1.160 to 172.50.1.191
(15) 1. 1 1 0 172.50.1.192 to 172.50.1.223
32 (16) 1. 1 1 1 172.50.1.224 to 172.50.1.255
-2
30
45
 Subnetting
Problem 10
Number of needed subnets 45
Network Address 220.100.100.0

Address class __________C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.252

Total number of subnets ___________________64

Total number of host addresses ___________________

4

Number of usable addresses ___________________2

Number of bits borrowed ___________________6

What is the 5th

subnet range? _______________________________________________220.100.100.16to220.100.100.19

What is the subnet number

for the 4th subnet? ________________________220.100.100.12

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 13th subnet? ________________________220.100.100.51

What are the assignable

addresses for the 12th
subnet? ______________________________________220.100.100.45to220.100.100.46

46
 Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

220 . 100 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 220.100.100.0 to 220.100.100.3
128 (2) 1 220.100.100.4 to 220.100.100.7
64 (3) 1 0 220.100.100.8 to 220.100.100.11
32 (4) 1 1 220.100.100.12 to 220.100.100.15
16 (5) 1 0 0 220.100.100.16 to 220.100.100.19
8 (6) 1 0 1 220.100.100.20 to 220.100.100.23
+4 (7) 1 1 0 220.100.100.24 to 220.100.100.27
252 (8) 1 1 1 220.100.100.28 to 220.100.100.31
(9) 1 0 0 0 220.100.100.32 to 220.100.100.35
(10) 1 0 0 1 220.100.100.36 to 220.100.100.39
(11) 1 0 1 0 220.100.100.40 to 220.100.100.43
(12) 1 0 1 1 220.100.100.44 to 220.100.100.47
(13) 1 1 0 0 220.100.100.48 to 220.100.100.51
(14) 1 1 0 1 220.100.100.52 to 220.100.100.55
(15) 1 1 1 0 220.100.100.56 to 220.100.100.59

(16) 1 1 1 1 220.100.100.60 to 220.100.100.63

4
-2
2
47
 Subnetting
Problem 11
Number of needed usable hosts 8,000
Network Address 135.70.0.0
Address class __________B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.0.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.224.0

Total number of subnets ___________________8

Total number of host addresses ___________________8,192

Number of usable addresses ___________________8,190

Number of bits borrowed ___________________3

What is the 6th

subnet range? _______________________________________________135.70.160.0to135.70.191.255

What is the subnet number ________________________135.70.192.0

for the 7th subnet?

What is the subnet

broadcast address for ________________________135.70.95.255
the 3rd subnet?

What are the assignable

addresses for the 5th
subnet? ______________________________________135.70.128.1to135.70.159.254

48
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
135 . 70 . 0 0 0
135.70.0.0 to 135.70.31.255
(1) 0
(2) 1 135.70.32.0 to 135.70.63.255
(3) 1 0 135.70.64.0 to 135.70.95.255
(4) 1 1 135.70.96.0 to 135.70.127.255
(5) 1 0 0 135.70.128.0 to 135.70.159.255
(6) 1 0 1 135.70.160.0 to 135.70.191.255
(7) 1 1 0 135.70.192.0 to 135.70.223.255
135.70.224.0 to 135.70.255.255
(8) 1 1 1

128
64
+32
8,192
224
-2
8,190
49
 Subnetting
Problem 12
Number of needed usable hosts 45
Network Address 198.125.50.0
Address class __________C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.192

Total number of subnets ___________________4

Total number of host addresses ___________________64

Number of usable addresses ___________________62

Number of bits borrowed ___________________2

What is the 2nd

subnet range? _______________________________________________198.125.50.64to98.125.50.127

What is the subnet number

for the 2nd subnet? ________________________198.125.50.64

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________198.125.50.255

What are the assignable

addresses for the 3rd
subnet? ______________________________________198.125.50.129to198.125.50.190

50
 Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.
Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

198 . 125 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 198.125.50.0 to 198.125.50.63
(2) 1 198.125.50.64 to 198.125.50.127
(3) 1 0 198.125.50.128 to 198.125.50.191
(4) 1 1 198.125.50.192 to 198.125.50.255

128 64
+64 -2
192 62

51
 Subnetting
Problem 13
Network Address 165.200.0.0 /26
B
Address class __________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 192
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
1,024
Total number of subnets ___________________
64
Total number of host addresses ___________________
62
Number of usable addresses ___________________
10
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 10th

subnet range? _______________________________________________165.200.2.64to165.200.2.127

What is the subnet number

for the 11th subnet? ________________________165.200.2.128

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 1023rd subnet? ________________________165.200.255.191

What are the assignable

addresses for the 1022nd
subnet? ______________________________________165.200.255.65to165.200.255.126

52
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 200 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) . 0 165.200.0.0 to 165.200.0.63

128 (2) 1 165.200.0.64 to 165.200.0.127
64

for Proble
(3) 1 0 165.200.0.128 to 165.200.0.191
32 (4) 1 1 165.200.0.192 to 165.200.0.255
16
8 (5) 1 0 0 165.200.1.0 to 165.200.1.63

m
4 (6) 1 0 1 165.200.1.64 to 165.200.1.127
2 (7) 1 1 0 165.200.1.128 to 165.200.1.191
+1 (8) 1 1 1 165.200.1.192 to 165.200.1.255

in13 the spac

252 (9) 1 0 . 0 0 165.200.2.0 to 165.200.2.63
(10) 1 0 . 0 1 165.200.2.64 to 165.200.2.127
(11) 1 0 . 1 0 165.200.2.128 to 165.200.2.191
64 128
-2
(12) 1 0 . 1 1 165.200.2.192 to 165.200.2.255

e
+64
(13) 1 1 . 0 0 165.200.3.0 to 165.200.3.63
62 252
(14) 1 1 . 0 1 165.200.3.64 to 165.200.3.127

.belo
w
(16) 1 1 . 1 1 165.200.3.192 to 165.200.3.255

(15) 1 1 . 1 0 165.200.3.128 to 165.200.3.191

(1021) 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1.0 1 165.200.255.64 to 165.200.255.127
(1022) 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1.1 0 165.200.155.128 to 165.200.255.191
(1023) 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1.1 1 165.200.255.192 to 165.200.255.255
53
 Subnetting
Problem 14
Number of needed usable hosts 16
Network Address 200.10.10.0
Address class __________C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255.255.255.224

Total number of subnets ___________________8

Total number of host addresses ___________________32

Number of usable addresses ___________________30

Number of bits borrowed ___________________3

What is the 7th 200.10.10.192 to 200.10.10.223

subnet range? _______________________________________________

What is the subnet number 200.10.10.128

for the 5th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for 200.10.10.127
the 4th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th 200.10.10.161 to 200.10.10.190 subnet?
______________________________________

54
 Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.
Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 200.10.10.0to 200.10.10.31
(2) 1 200.10.10.32 to 200.10.10.63
(3) 1 0 200.10.10.64 to 200.10.10.95
(4) 1 1 200.10.10.96 to 200.10.10.127
(5) 1 0 0 200.10.10.128 to 200.10.10.159
(6) 1 0 1 200.10.10.160 to 200.10.10.191
(7) 1 1 0 200.10.10.192 to 200.10.10.223
(8) 1 1 1 200.10.10.224 to 200.10.10.255

128
64 32
+32 -2
224 30

55
 Subnetting
Problem 15
Network Address 93.0.0.0 \19
A
Address class __________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
Default subnet mask _______________________________
255 . 255 . 224 . 0
Custom subnet mask _______________________________
2,048
Total number of subnets ___________________
8,192
Total number of host addresses ___________________
8,190
Number of usable addresses ___________________
11
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 15th 93.1.192.0 to 93.1.223.255

subnet range? _______________________________________________

What is the subnet number 93.1.0.0

for the 9th subnet? ________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for 93.0.223.255
the 7th subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 12th
subnet? ______________________________________93.1.96.1to93.1.127.254

56
 2,097,152 1,048,576

Hosts - 4,194,304

Number of
524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

Number of

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32
64 128 256 .512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536 . 131,072262,144 524,288 1,048,5762,097,152 4,194,304

Binary values -128 64 32 16

08 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
93. 0 0 0 0
000. 00000000.00000000
128 (1) .0 93.0.0.0to 93.0.31.255
64 (2) 1 93.0.32.0 to 93.0.63.255
32 (3) 1 0 93.0.64.0to 93.0.95.255
16 (4) 1 1 93.0.96.0to 93.0.127.255
8 (5) 1 0 0 93.0.128.0 to 93.0.159.255
4
2 (6) 1 0 1 93.0.160.0 to 93.0.191.255
+1 (7) 1 1 0 93.0.192.0 to 93.0.223.255
255 (8) 1 1 1 93.0.224.0 to 93.0.255.255
(9) 1 . 0 0 0 93.1.0.0to
93.1.31.255
128 (10) 1 . 0 0 1 93.1.32.0to 93.1.63.255
64 (11) 1 . 0 1 0 93.1.64.0to 93.1.95.255
+32 .
(12) 1 0 1 1 93.1.96.0to 93.1.127.255
224
(13) 1 . 1 0 0 93.1.128.0 to 93.1.159.255
(14) 1 . 1 0 1 93.1.160.0 to 93.1.191.255
8,192 (15) 1 . 1 1 0 93.1.192.0 to 93.1.223.255
-2
8,190
57
 Practical Subnetting 1
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts
for 100% growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Router AS0/0/0 S0/0/1 F0/1

F0/0 Router B

Marketing Management
24 Hosts Reasearch 15 Hosts
60 Hosts

Address class B
_____________________________

Custom subnet mask 255.255.224.0

_____________________________

Minimum number of subnets needed 4

_________

Extra subnets required for 100% growth + 4

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 8

Number of host addresses 60
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet 60
(Round up to the next whole number)
+
Total number of address
needed for the largest subnet = 120
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Research _____________________________172.16.0.0to172.31.255

IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.32.0to172.63.255
IP address range for Management _____________________________172.16.64.0to172.95.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection _____________________________172.16.96.0to172.127.255

58
 Show your work for Practical Subnetting 1 in the space below.
Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -
512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172 . 16 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) 0 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.31.255

(2) 1 172.16.32.0 to 172.16.63.255
(3) 1 0 172.16.64.0 to 172.16.95.255
(4) 1 1 172.16.96.0 to 172.16.127.255
(5) 1 0 0 172.16.128.0 to 172.16.159.255
(6) 1 0 1 172.16.160.0 to 172.16.191.255
(7) 1 1 0 172.16.192.0 to 172.16.223.255
4
x1.0 (8) 1 1 1 172.16.224.0 to 172.16.255.255
4

60
x1.0
60
59
 Practical Subnetting 2
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 30% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 135.126.0.0
S0/0/0
F0/0 Router A S0/0/1
F0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0 Router B

S0/0/0 Tech Ed Lab

20 Hosts
Router C
F0/1
Science Lab
10 Hosts
English Department
15 Hosts
Address class B
Custom subnet mask 255.255.255.224
5
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 30% growth + 2

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 7

Number of host addresses _________
in the largest subnet group 20
Number of addresses needed for
30% growth in the largest subnet + 6
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 26
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Tech Ed _____________________________135.126.0.0to135.126.0.31

IP address range for English _____________________________135.126.0.32to135.126.0.63

IP address range for Science _____________________________135.126.0.64to135.126.0.95

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection 135_____________________________.126.0.96to135.126.0.127

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection135_____________________________.126.0.128to135.126.0.159
60
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

135. 126 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) . 0 135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31

(2) 1 135.126.0.32 to 135.126.0.63
5 (3) 1 0 135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95
(4) 1 1 135.126.0.96 to 135.126.0.127
x.3 (5) 1 0 0 135.126.0.128 to 135.126.0.159
1.5 (6) 1 0 1 135.126.0.160 to 135.126.0.191
(Round up to 2)
(7) 1 1 0 135.126.0.192 to 135.126.0.223
(8) 1 1 1 135.126.0.224 to 135.126.0.255
(9) 1. 0 0 0 135.126.1.0 to 135.126.1.31
20 (10) 1. 0 0 1 135.126.1.32 to 135.126.1.63

x.3 (11) 1. 0 1 0 135.126.1.64 to 135.126.1.95

(12) 1
. 0 1 1 135.126.1.96 to 135.126.1.127
6
(13) 1. 1 0 0 135.126.1.128 to 135.126.1.159
(14) 1. 1 0 1 135.126.1.160 to 135.126.1.191
(15) 1. 1 1 0 135.126.1.192 to 135.126.1.223

(16) 1. 1 1 1 135.1261.224 to 135.126.1.255

61
 Practical Subnetting 3
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing
scheme that will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough
extra subnets and hosts for 25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and
answer the questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0

F0/0
S0/0/1
Administrative Router A Router B
F0/0 Sales
185 Hosts

30 Hosts F0/1 S0/0/0

Marketing

50 Hosts

Address class _____________________________ B

Custom subnet mask 255.255.255.0
_____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________ 4
Extra subnets required for 25% growth _________+ 1
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 5 _________

Number of host addresses 185

in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
25% growth in the largest subnet + 47
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 232
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

_____________________________
IP address range for Sales 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.0.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Marketing 172.16.1.0 to 172.16.1.255

_____________________________

IP address range for Administrative 172.16.2.0 to 172.16.2.255

IP address range for Router A _____________________________
to Router B serial connection 172.16.3.0 to 172.16.3.255

62
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512
. 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -
512

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

172. 16 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(1) . 0 172.16.0.0 to 1172.16.0.255

(2) 1 172.16.1.0 to 1172.16.1.255
(3) 1 0 172.16.2.0 to 1172.16.2.255
4 (4) 1 1 172.16.3.0 to 1172.16.3.255
x..25 (5) 1 0 0 172.16.4.0 to 1172.16.4.255
1 (6) 1 0 1 172.16.5.0 to 1172.16.5.255
(7) 1 1 0 172.16.6.0 to 1172.16.6.255
(8) 1 1 1 172.16.7.0 to 1172.16.7.255
225 (9) 1 . 0 0 0 172.16.8.0 to 1172.16.8.255
x.25 (10) 1. 0 0 1 172.16.9.0 to 1172.16.9.255
56.25 (11) 1 . 0 1 0 172.16.10.0 to 1172.16.10.255
(12) 1
. 0 1 1
(Round up to 57) 172.16.11.0 to 1172.16.11.255
(13) 1. 1 0 0 172.16.12.0 to 1172.16.12.255
(14) 1. 1 0 1 172.16.13.0 to 1172.16.13.255
(15) 1. 1 1 0 172.16.14.0 to 1172.16.14.255

(16) 1. 1 1 1 172.16.15.0 to 1172.16.15.255

63
 Practical Subnetting 4
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1

S0/0/1 F0/0 Router B

S0/0/0
F0/1 Router C F0/0
Dallas
150 Hosts New York
Washington D.C. 325 Hosts
220 Hosts
Address class B
Custom subnet mask 255.255.240.0
5
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 70% growth + 4

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 9

Number of host addresses _________
in the largest subnet group 325
Number of addresses needed for
70% growth in the largest subnet + 228
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 553
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for New York 135_____________________________.126.0.0to135.126.15.255

IP address range for Washington D. C. 135_____________________________.126.16.0to135.126.31.255

IP address range for Dallas135_____________________________.126.32.0to135.126.47.255

IP address range for Router A135.126.48.0 to 135.126.63.255 to

Router B serial connection _____________________________
IP address range for Router A 135.126.64.0 to 135.126.79.255 to Router C serial connection
_____________________________
64
 8,192

Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384

4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
16
Binary values - 128 64 32 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
135. 126 . 0 0 0
0 135.126.0.0 to 135.126.15.255
(1) .
(2) 1 135.126.16.0 to 135.126.31.255
(3) 1 0 135.126.32.0 to 135.126.47.255
(4) 1 1 135.126.48.0 to 135.126.63.255
(5) 1 0 0 135.126.64.0 to 135.126.79.255
(6) 1 0 1 135.126.80.0 to 135.126.95.255
(7) 1 1 0 135.126.96.0 to 135.126.111.255
(8) 1 1 1 135.126.112.0 to 135.126.127.255
(9) 1 . 0 0 0 135.126.128.0 to 135.126.143.255
(10) 1 . 0 0 1 135.126.144.0 to 135.126.159.255
(11) 1 . 0 1 0 135.126.160.0 to 135.126.175.255
(12) 1 . 0 1 1 135.126.176.0 to 135.126.191.255
0 135.126.192.0 to 135.126.207.255
(13) 1 . 1 0
(14) 1. 1 0 1 135.126.208.0 to 135.126.223.255
(15) 1. 1 1 0 135.126.224.0 to 135.126.239.255
1 135.126.240.0 to 135.126.1255.255
(16) 1. 1 1
65
 Practical Subnetting 5
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.

IP Address 210.15.10.0

F0/1
F0/0

Science Room Tech Ed Lab

10 Hosts 18 Hosts

English classroom
15 Hosts Art Classroom
12 Hosts

Address class C
Custom subnet mask 255.255.255.192
Minimum number of subnets needed 2
Extra subnets required for 100% growth + 2
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 4

Number of host addresses 30
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number)
30 +
Total number of address
needed for the largest subnet = 60
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router F0/0 Port _____________________________210.15.10.0to210.15.10.63

IP address range for Router F0/1 Port _____________________________210.15.10.64to210.15.10.127

66
 Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

210. 15 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 210.15.10.0to 210.15.10.63
(2) 1 210.15.10.64 to 210.15.10.127
(3) 1 0 210.15.10.128 to 210.15.10.191
(4) 1 1 210.15.10.192 to 210.15.10.255

67
 Practical Subnetting 6
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 10.0.0.0
S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 Technology
Router B Building
F0/0 S0/0/1 S0/0/0 320 Hosts
F0/1
S0/0/0 S0/0/1
Art & Drama Administration
Router C
75 Hosts 35 Hosts
F0/0 F0/1

Science Building
225 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

A
Custom subnet mask _____________________________
255.240.0.0
7
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 20% growth _________+ 2

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 9

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

_____________________________
IP address range for Technology 10.0.0.0 to 10.15.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Science 10.16.0.0 to 10.31.255.255

_____________________________

IP address range for Arts & Drama 10.32.0.0 to 10.47.255.255

_____________________________

IP Address range Administration 10.48.0.0 to 10.63.255.255

IP address range for Router A _____________________________
to Router B serial connection 10.64.0.0 to 10.79.255.255
IP address range for Router A _____________________________
to Router C serial connection 10.80.0.0 to 10.95.255.255
IP address range for Router B _____________________________
to Router C serial connection 10.96.0.0 to 10.111.255.255

68
 Number of 4,194,304

Hosts -
524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
2,097,152 1,048,576

Number of

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

Subnets - 2 4 8
16 32 64 128 256 . 512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536 .131,072262,144524,2881,048,5762,097,1524,194,304
Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
10. 0 0 0 0000000.00000000
00000.0
(1) 0 10.0.0.0 to 10.15.255.255
(2) 1 10.16.0.0 to 10.32.255.255
(3) 1 0 10.32.0.0 to 10.47.255.255
(4) 1 1 10.48.0.0 to 10.63.255.255
(5) 10 0 10.64.0.0 to 10.79.255.255
(6) 10 1 10.80.0.0 to 10.95.255.255
(7) 11 0 10.96.0.0 to 10.111.255.255
(8) 11 1 10.112.0.0 to 10.127.255.255
(9) 1 0 0 0 10.128.0.0 to 10.143.255.255
(10) 1 0 0 1 10.144.0.0 to 10.159.255.255
(11) 1 0 1 0 10.160.0.0 to 10.175.255.255
(12) 1 0 1 1 10.176.0.0 to 10.191.255.255
(13) 1 1 0 0 10.192.0.0 to 10.207.255.255
(14) 1 1 0 1 10.208.0.0 to 10.223.255.255
(15) 1 1 1 0 10.224.0.0 to 10.239.255.255
(16) 1 1 1 1 10.240.0.0
to 10.255.255.255
69
 Practical Subnetting 7
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 177.135.0.0 S0/0/0
Router A
S0/0/0 F0/0
F0/0 Router B

F0/1

Administration
Research Deployment
Marketing 33 Hosts Sales 135 Hosts 63 Hosts
75 Hosts 255 Hosts
Address class B
Custom subnet mask 255.255.252.0
4
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 125% growth + 5

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 9

Number of host addresses _________

in the largest subnet group 363
Number of addresses needed for
125% growth in the largest subnet + 454
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 817
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A Port F0/0 _____________________________177.135.0.0to177.135.3.255

IP address range for Research _____________________________177.135.4.0to177.135.7.255

IP address range for Deployment _____________________________177.135.8.0to177.135.11.255

IP address range for Router A 177.135.12.0 to 177.135.15.255

to Router B serial connection _____________________________

70
 Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048
1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
177.135 . 0 0 0 0 0 0
177.135.0.0 to 177.135.3.255
(1) . 0
(2) 1 177.135.4.0 to 177.135.7.255
(3) 1 0 177.135.8.0 to 177.135.11.255
(4) 1 1 177.135.12.0 to 177.135.15.255
(5) 1 0 0 177.135.16.0 to 177.135.19.255
(6) 1 0 1 177.135.20.0 to 177.135.23.255
(7) 1 1 0 177.135.24.0 to 177.135.27.255
(8) 1 1 1 177.135.28.0 to 177.135.31.255
(9) 1. 0 0 0 177.135.32.0 to 177.135.35.255
(10) 1. 0 0 1 177.135.36.0 to 177.135.39.255
(11) 1. 0 1 0 177.135.40.0 to 177.135.43.255
(12) 1
. 0 1 1 177.135.44.0 to 177.135.47.255
177.135.48.0 to 177.135.51.255
(13) 1. 1 0 0
(14) 1. 1 0 1 177.135.52.0 to 177.135.55.255
(15) 1. 1 1 0 177.135.56.0 to 177.135.59.255
177.135.60.0 to 177.135.63.255
(16) 1. 1 1 1
71
 Practical Subnetting 8
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 192.168.1.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
S0/0/1 F0/1
Router A

F0/0 Router B

New York
8 Hosts

Boston
5 Hosts
Research & Development
8 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

C
Custom subnet mask _____________________________
255.255.255.224
3
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 85% growth _________+ 3

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 6

Number of host addresses _________
in the largest subnet group 13
Number of addresses needed for
85% growth in the largest subnet + 12
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 25
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A F0/0 _____________________________192.168.1.0to192.168.1.31

IP address range for New York _____________________________192.168.1.32to192.168.1.63

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.95

72
 Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of

Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192. 168 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1) 0 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.31
(2) 1 192.168.1.32 to 192.168.1.63
(3) 1 0 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.95
(4) 1 1 192.168.1.96 to 192.168.1.127
(5) 100 192.168.1.128 to 192.168.1.159
(6) 1 01 192.168.1.160 to 192.168.1.1191
(7) 11 0 192.168.1.192 to 192.168.1.223
(8) 1 1 1 192.168.1.224 to 192.168.1.255

73
 Practical Subnetting 9
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 15% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 148.55.0.0
S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0 Router B

S0/0/0 Dallas
1500 Hosts
Router C

F0/0
Router D S0/0/0 S0/0/1

Ft. Worth _____________________________

2300 Hosts
Address class B
_____________________________

Custom subnet mask 255.255.240.0

5
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 15% growth _________+

1
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed 6 _________=

Number of host addresses _________

+ 345

=2645
in the largest subnet group 2300
Number of addresses needed for
15% growth in the largest subnet
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Ft. Worth _____________________________148.55.0.0.to148.55.15.255

IP address range for Dallas _____________________________148.55.16.0.to148.55.31.255

 IP address range for Router A _____________________________148.55.32.0.to148.55.47.255 to
Router B serial connection
IP address range for Router A _____________________________148.55.48.0.to148.55.63.255 to
Router C serial connection
IP address range for Router C _____________________________148.55.64.0.to148.55.79.255

74 to Router D serial connection

 8,192

Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384

4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
16
Binary values - 128 64 32 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
148. 55 . 0 0 0
0 148.55.0.0 to 148.55.15.255
(1) .
(2) 1 148.55.16.0 to 148.55.31.255
(3) 1 0 148.55.32.0 to 148.55.47.255
(4) 1 1 148.55.48.0 to 148.55.63.255
(5) 1 0 0 148.55.64.0 to 148.55.79.255
(6) 1 0 1 148.55.80.0 to 148.55.95.255
(7) 1 1 0 148.55.96.0 to 148.55.111.255
(8) 1 1 1 148.55.112.0 to 148.55.127.255
(9) 1 . 0 0 0 148.55.128.0 to 148.55.143.255
(10) 1 . 0 0 1 148.55.144.0 to 148.55.159.255
(11) 1 . 0 1 0 148.55.160.0 to 148.55.175.255
(12) 1 . 0 1 1 148.55.176.0 to 148.55.191.255
0 148.55.192.0 to 148.55.207.255
(13) 1 . 1 0
(14) 1. 1 0 1 148.55.208.0 to 148.55.223.255
(15) 1. 1 1 0 148.55.224.0 to 148.55.239.255
1 148.55.240.0 to 148.55.255.255
(16) 1. 1 1
75
 Practical Subnetting 10
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
110% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0
Marketing
Sales
56 Hosts
115 Hosts
S0/0/0 F0/0
F0/0 Router A
S0/0/1
Router B

F0/1
Management Research
25 Hosts 35 Hosts

Address class B
Custom subnet mask 255.255.255.240
4
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 110% growth + 5

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed = 9

Number of host addresses _________
in the largest subnet group 140
Number of addresses needed for
110% growth in the largest subnet + 154
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet = 294
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales/Managemnt _____________________________172.16.0.0to172.16.15.255

IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.16.0to172.16.31.255

IP address range for Research _____________________________172.16.32.0to172.16.47.255

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection 172.16.48.0 to 172.16.63.255

76
 8,192

Number of 65,536 32,768 16,384

4,096 2,048 1,024 512 . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2
Hosts -

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 32 64 128 256. 512 1024 2048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536
16
Binary values - 128 64 32 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
172.16 . 0 0 0
0 172.16.0.0 to 172.16.15.255
(1) .
(2) 1 172.16.16.0 to 172.16.31.255
(3) 1 0 172.16.32.0 to 172.16.47.255
(4) 1 1 172.16.48.0 to 172.16.63.255
(5) 1 0 0 172.16.64.0 to 172.16.79.255
(6) 1 0 1 172.16.80.0 to 172.16.95.255
(7) 1 1 0 172.16.96.0 to 172.16.111.255
(8) 1 1 1 172.16.112.0 to 172.16.127.255
(9) 1 . 0 0 0 172.16.128.0 to 172.16.143.255
(10) 1 . 0 0 1 172.16.144.0 to 172.16.159.255
(11) 1 . 0 1 0 172.16.160.0 to 172.16.175.255
(12) 1 . 0 1 1 172.16.176.0 to 172.16.191.255
0 172.16.192.0 to 172.16.207.255
(13) 1 . 1 0
(14) 1. 1 0 1 172.16.208.0 to 172.16.223.255
(15) 1. 1 1 0 172.16.224.0 to 172.16.239.255
1 172.16.240.0 to 172.16.255.255
(16) 1. 1 1
77
 Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are
correct and usable. If they are not usable addresses explain why.

IP Address: 0.230.190.192 ________________________________ThenetworkIDcannotbe0.

Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 192.10.10.1 ________________________________OK

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 28-29

IP Address: 245.150.190.10 ________________________________245isreservedfor

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________experimentaluse.
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 135.70.191.255 ________________________________Thisisthebroadcastaddress

Subnet Mask: 255.255.254.0 ________________________________forthisrange.
Reference Pages 48-49

IP Address: 127.100.100.10 ________________________________127isreservedforloopback

Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________testing.
Reference Pages Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 93.0.128.1 ________________________________OK

Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 56-57

IP Address: 200.10.10.128 This is the subnet address for the

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224 3rd usable range of 200.10.10.0
Reference Pages 54-55
OK
IP Address: 165.100.255.189 ________________________________
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 30-31

IP Address: 190.35.0.10 This address is taken from the first

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 range for this subnet which is invalid.
Reference Pages 34-35
________________________________ThishasaclassBsubnet
IP Address: 218.35.50.195
Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 ________________________________mask.
Reference Page Inside Front Cover
________________________________AclassCaddressmustusea
IP Address: 200.10.10.175 /22
Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front Cover ________________________________minimumof24bits.

________________________________Thisisabroadcastaddress.
IP Address: 135.70.255.255
Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 48-49

78
 IP Address Breakdown
/24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30
8+8+8 8+8+8+1 8+8+8+2 8+8+8+3 8+8+8+4 8+8+8+5 8+8+8+6
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252
256 Hosts 128 Hosts 64 Hosts 32 Hosts 16 Hosts 8 Hosts 4 Hosts
0-3
0-7 4-7
0-15
8-11
8-15 12-15
16-19
16-23 20-23
16-31
24-27
24-31 28-31
0-63 32-35
32-39 36-39
32-47
40-43
40-47 44-47
48-51
48-55 52-55
48-63
56-59
56-63 60-63
0-127 64-67
64-71 68-71
64-79
72-75
72-79 76-79
80-83
80-87 84-87
80-95
88-91
88-95 92-95
64-127 96-99
96-103 100-103
96-111 104-107
104-111 108-111
112-115
112-119 116-119
112-127
120-123
120-127 124-127
0-255 128-131
128-135 132-135
128-143
136-139
136-143 140-143
144-147
144-151 148-151
144-159 152-155
152-159 156-159
128-191 160-163
16-167 164-167
160-175 168-171
168-175 172-175
176-179
176-183 180-183
176-191
184-187
184-191 188-191
128-255 192-195
192-199 196-199
192-207
200-203
200-207 204-207
208-211
208-215 212-215
208-223
216-219
216-223 220-223
192-255 224-227
224-231 228-231
224-239
232-235
232-239 236-239
240-243
240-247 244-247
240-255
248-251
248-255
252-255

79
 Visualizing Subnets Using
The Box Method

The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown of

subnets and addresses into smaller sizes.

Start with a square. The whole square

is a single subnet comprised of 256
addresses.

/24
255.255.255.0
256 Hosts
1 Subnet

Split the box in half and you get

two subnets with 128 addresses,

/25
255.255.255.128
128 Hosts
2 Subnets

Divide the box into quarters and you

get four subnets with 64 addresses,

/26
255.255.255.192
64 Hosts
4 Subnets
80
Split each individual square and you
get eight subnets with 32 addresses,

/27
255.255.255.224
32 Hosts
8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and
you get sixteen subnets with
sixteen addresses,

/28
255.255.255.240
16 Hosts
16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two
subnets with eight addresses,

/29
255.255.255.248
8 Hosts
32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets
with four addresses each,

/30
255.255.255.252
4 Hosts
64 Subnets
81
___
___
___
___
___
Class A Addressing Guide
# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
_

CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts Hosts

/8 0 255.0.0.0 1 16,777,216 16,777,214
/9 1 255.128.0.0 2 8,388,608 8,388,606
/10 2 255.192.0.0 4 4,194,304 4,194,302
/11 3 255.224.0.0 8 2,097,152 2,097,150
/12 4 255.240.0.0 16 1,048,576 1,048,574
/13 5 255.248.0.0 32 524,288 524,286
/14 6 255.252.0.0 64 262,144 262,142
/15 7 255.254.0.0 128 131,072 131,070
/16 8 255.255.0.0 256 65,536 65,534
/17 9 255.255.128.0 512 32,768 32,766
/18 10 255.255.192.0 1,024 16,384 16,382
/19 11 255.255.224.0 2,048 8,192 8,190
/20 12 255.255.240.0 4,096 4,096 4,094
/21 13 255.255.248.0 8,192 2,048 2,046
/22 14 255.255.252.0 16,384 1,024 1,022
/23 15 255.255.254.0 32,768 512 510
/24 16 255.255.255.0 65,536 256 254
/25 17 255.255.255.128 131,072 128 126
/26 18 255.255.255.192 262,144 64 62
/27 19 255.255.255.224 524,288 32 30
/28 20 255.255.255.240 1,048,576 16 14
/29 21 255.255.255.248 2,097,152 8 6
/30 22 255.255.255.252 4,194,304 4 2

Class B Addressing Guide

___
___
___
___
___
___
# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
___
___
___

CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts Hosts

___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
_

/16 0 255.255.0.0 1 65,536 65,534

/17 1 255.255.128.0 2 32,768 32,766
/18 2 255.255.192.0 4 16,384 16,382
/19 3 255.255.224.0 8 8,192 8,190
/20 4 255.255.240.0 16 4,096 4,094
/21 5 255.255.248.0 32 2,048 2,046
/22 6 255.255.252.0 64 1,024 1,022
/23 7 255.255.254.0 128 512 510
/24 8 255.255.255.0 256 256 254
/25 9 255.255.255.128 512 128 126
/26 10 255.255.255.192 1,024 64 62
/27 11 255.255.255.224 2,048 32 30
/28 12 255.255.255.240 4,096 16 14
/29 13 255.255.255.248 8,192 8 6
/30 14 255.255.255.252 16,384 4 2

Class C Addressing Guide

# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Hosts
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Hosts
/24 0 255.255.255.0 1 256 254
/25 1 255.255.255.128 2 128 126
/26 2 255.255.255.192 4 64 62
/27 3 255.255.255.224 8 32 30
/28 4 255.255.255.240 16 16 14
/29 5 255.255.255.248 32 8 6
/30 6 255.255.255.252 64 4 2
82
Inside Cover