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Linear Programming Problem

This document provides the steps to solve a linear programming problem to minimize the objective function Z = X1 + 2X2 subject to the constraints: 2X1 + 4X2 ≤ 160, X1 – X2 ≤ 30, X1 ≥ 10, X1, X2 ≥ 0. The problem is converted to an equivalent problem by changing the inequality signs. The constraints are then solved graphically to obtain the optimal solution at point A = (10, 0), with a minimum value of Z = 10.

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140 views4 pages

Linear Programming Problem

This document provides the steps to solve a linear programming problem to minimize the objective function Z = X1 + 2X2 subject to the constraints: 2X1 + 4X2 ≤ 160, X1 – X2 ≤ 30, X1 ≥ 10, X1, X2 ≥ 0. The problem is converted to an equivalent problem by changing the inequality signs. The constraints are then solved graphically to obtain the optimal solution at point A = (10, 0), with a minimum value of Z = 10.

Uploaded by

Bisoye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM

Obtain the dual linear programming of the following linear programming;


Minimize Z = X1 + 2X2
Subject to the constraints:
(i) 2X1 + 4X2 ≤ 160
(ii) X1 – X2 ≤ 30
(iii) X1 ≥ 10
(iv) X1, X2 ≥ 0

Solution

This is minimization type;


(i) Change all ≤ type by multiplying the constraints on both sides by -1
(ii) Write = type to 2-constraints to type ≥ and ≤, and
(iii) Linear programming problem is written as:

(a) -2X1 – 4X2 ≥ -160


(b) X1 – X2 ≥ 30
(c) X1 – X2 ≤ 30 or –X1 + X2 ≥ -30
(d) X1 ≥ 10
(e) X1, X2 ≥ 0

Let y1, y2, y3, and y4 be dual variables corresponding to 4-constraints so that:
Minimize Zy = -160y1 + 30y2 – 30y3 + 10y4
Subject to constraints:
(i) -2y1 + y2 – y3 + y4 ≤ 1
(ii) -4y1 – y2 + y3 ≤ 0
(iii) y1, y2, y3 and y4 ≥ 0

Let A be the matrix of the linear programming, then;

-2 -4 -2 1 -1 1

A= 1 -1 AT = -4 -1 1 0

-1 1

1 0

Solving graphically,
Minimize Z = X1 + 2X2
Subject to the constraints:
2X1 + 4X2 ≤ 160
X1 – X2 ≤ 30
X1, X2 ≥ 0

In an attempt to make all inequalities equal, change positive signs to negative signs where it applies.
The above becomes;
-2X1 – 4X2 ≥ -160 ------------------------------------------ (a)
X1 – X2 ≥ 30 ---------------------------------------------- (b)
-X1 + X2 ≥ -30 ---------------------------------------------- (c)
X1 > 10 ----------------------------------------------(d)

Solving for equation (a);


-2X1 – 4X2 ≥ -160
To find X1, let X2 = 0
i.e -2X1 – 4X2 = -160
-2X1 – 0 = -160
-2X1 = -160
−160
X1 =
−2
X1 = 80
To find X2, let X1 = 0
-2X1 – 4X2 = -160
0 – 4X2 = -160
-4X2 = -160
−160
X2 =
−4
X2 = 40

Solving for equation (b);


X1 – X2 = 30
To find X1, Let X2 = 0
X1 – X2 = 30
X1 – 0 = 30
X1 = 30
To find X2, Let X1 = 0
X1 – X2 = 30
0 – X2 = 30
X2 = 30

Solving for equation (c):


-X1 + X2 = -30
To find X1, Let X2 = 0
-X1 + X2 = -30
-X1 + 0 = -30
-X1 = -30
X1 = 30
To find X2, let X1 = 0
-X1 + X2 = -30
0 + X2 = -30
X2 = -30

Solving for equation (d);


X1 = 10
i.e X1 = 10
No value for X2
Equation X1 X2

(a)
-2X1 - 4X2 = -160 80 40

(b)
X1 – X2 = 30 30 -30
NOTE:
(i) Plot the data from the table on a graph, by picking the suitable scale.
(ii) (C)
Plot X on the
1
-X1 + X2 = -30 30 -30
horizontal axis
and X2 on the
(d) vertical axis
X1 = 30 10 0

Consider circuit ABCD with equation Z = X1 + 2X2 (Minimize)

X1 X2

A
10 0
B
30 0

C
46.7 16.7

D
10 35

At A, point (10, 0), we have the minimal value.

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