FIREBASE_CLOUD_FIRESTORE_PART-2
Firestore Subcollections In
Flutter
Let's learn how to work with firestore subcollection in flutter
Anmol Gupta Follow
Nov 1, 2020 · 6 min read
Firestore Subcollections In Flutter
F
irebase is an amazing platform developed by Google to connect mobile
and web applications and help developers to improve, build, and grow
their apps. Firebase provides us a variety of products Authentication,
Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, Cloud Storage, Cloud Functions,
Firebase Hosting, ML Kit. Firebase is highly effective and easy to use.
Firebase cloud firestore is a flexible and scalable database. It offers offline
availability of data across your client's apps and keeps data in-sync across
clients apps through realtime listeners.
In this blog, we shall discuss how to work with cloud firestore
subcollections:
Table of content:
::What is subcollection?
::Connecting app to your firebase project
::Creating users collection
::Creating a sub collection
::Fetching a sub collection
::Updating sub collection
::Deleting sub collection
To work with firebase cloud firestore in flutter you need to learn about basic
crud operation i.e. uploading data, deleting data, editing data, fetching
data.
Using Firebase Firestore in Flutter
Fetching data from cloud firestore
medium.com
What is subcollection?
Let's understand subcollection through an example, take an example of a
shopping application, in this app, there are two people 1st the user that will
place the order and the 2nd wander that will accept the user’s orders. For
each user, the wander needs to keep a record of every user’s order. So to
keep the data in a sequential manner we can create a subcollection in the
following manner.
***Subcollection example***
In the above image, you can easily analyze the user’s order in an easier and
precise manner. So to create this type of collection we need to specify the
documentId .
Why the documentId is important?
Assigning a specific documentId is very important if you are building two
different applications one for the user and the other for a wander. To fetch
all the orders with the user's details we need to get all the documentId of all
orders placed by different users inside our wanders application. So to get
that documentId we need to fetch it from the users collection that I have
created.
Let me explain to you the whole cycle of getting that documentId :
1. At the time of user authentication a userId is generated by the
firebase, we will use this userId and upload it along with user
information on cloud firestore inside a users collection.
await FirebaseFirestore.instance
.collection('users')
.doc(userCredential.user.uid)
.set({
'username': username,
'email': email,
'laundryBagNo': laundryBagNo,
'image_url': url,
'userId': userCredential.user.uid //this_one
});
2. Now in the other application we will fetch the stream of users and
using the snapshot of the stream we will get all the userId i.e.
‘userId’: userCredential.user.uid //this_one
StreamBuilder(
stream:
FirebaseFirestore.instance.collection('users').snapshots(),
builder: (context, userSnapshot) {
return userSnapshot.hasData
? ListView.builder(
itemCount: userSnapshot.data.documents.length,
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
DocumentSnapshot userData =
userSnapshot.data.documents[index];
if (userData
.data()['laundryBagNo']
.toString()
.startsWith('B-') &&
boys)
return UserCard(
userId: userData.data()['userId'],
userEmail: userData.data()['email'],
userName: userData.data()['username'],
userLaundryBagNo:
userData.data()['laundryBagNo'],
userImageUrl: userData.data()['image_url']);
else if (userData
.data()['laundryBagNo']
.toString()
.startsWith('G-') &&
girls)
return UserCard(
userId: userData.data()['userId'],
userEmail: userData.data()['email'],
userName: userData.data()['username'],
userLaundryBagNo:
userData.data()['laundryBagNo'],
userImageUrl: userData.data()['image_url']);
else
return SizedBox();
})
: CircularProgressIndicator();
},
),
Now we can access the subcollection that we have created named order
and we use this id to get all the users and orders.
***Uploading user data on cloud firestore inside users collection***
***Uploading user orders inside orders collection using userId as document id***
***User order documents inside the user_orders sub collection***
Connecting app to your firebase project:
If you are new to firebase then you can follow the steps that I have
mentioned in my crud operation blog to connect your apps to Firebase, you
can add more then one app to your firebase project:
Using Firebase Firestore in Flutter
Fetching data from cloud firestore
medium.com
Creating users collection:
As we have discussed above, we need a users collection that will store the
userId and other users information. We will create this collection when the
user signs up.
await FirebaseFirestore.instance
.collection('users')
.doc(userCredential.user.uid)
.set({
'username': username,
'email': email,
'laundryBagNo': laundryBagNo,
'image_url': url,
'userId': userCredential.user.uid
});
Here users is a collection that contains a document whose id is userId i.e.
userCredential.user.uid .
Creating a sub-collection:
orders is a collection that contains a document whose id is the userId that
we can easily get through FirebaseAuth instance using currentUser.
User user = FirebaseAuth.instance.currentUser; , inside this document, we
will create another collection user_orders . user_orders is our sub-
collection.
await FirebaseFirestore
.instance
.collection('orders')
.doc(user.uid)
.collection(
"user_orders")
.add({
//add your data that you want to upload
});
Fetching a sub-collection:
To fetch orders subcollection we will need the documentId , so to get the
documentId we need to fetch the users collection to get the userId .
StreamBuilder(
stream:
FirebaseFirestore.instance.collection('users').snapshots(),
builder: (context, userSnapshot) {
return userSnapshot.hasData
? ListView.builder(
itemCount: userSnapshot.data.documents.length,
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
DocumentSnapshot userData =
userSnapshot.data.documents[index];
if (userData
.data()['laundryBagNo']
.toString()
.startsWith('B-') &&
boys)
return UserCard(
userId: userData.data()['userId'],
userEmail: userData.data()['email'],
userName: userData.data()['username'],
userLaundryBagNo:
userData.data()['laundryBagNo'],
userImageUrl: userData.data()['image_url']);
else if (userData
.data()['laundryBagNo']
.toString()
.startsWith('G-') &&
girls)
return UserCard(
userId: userData.data()['userId'],
userEmail: userData.data()['email'],
userName: userData.data()['username'],
userLaundryBagNo:
userData.data()['laundryBagNo'],
userImageUrl: userData.data()['image_url']);
else
return SizedBox();
})
: CircularProgressIndicator();
},
UserCard is a widget that displays the user details and on taping it new
screen is pushed that contains all the orders of that particular user.
Now we will use the userId to fetch the sub-collection.
class CurrentOrders extends StatelessWidget {
final String userId;
CurrentOrders({
@required this.userId,
});
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return StreamBuilder(
stream: FirebaseFirestore.instance
.collection('orders')
.doc(userId)
.collection('user_orders')
.snapshots(),
builder: (context, orderSnapshot) {
return orderSnapshot.hasData
? ListView.builder(
itemCount: orderSnapshot.data.documents.length,
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
DocumentSnapshot orderData =
orderSnapshot.data.documents[index];
return OrderItem();
},
: CircularProgressIndicator();
});
Updating sub-collection:
FirebaseFirestore.instance
.collection('orders')
.doc(userId)
.collection('user_orders')
.doc(orderData.id)
.update(
{'key': 'new_value'});
Deleting sub-collection:
FirebaseFirestore.instance
.collection('orders')
.doc(userId)
.collection('user_orders')
.doc(orderData.id)
.delete();
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Firestore Firebase Cloud Flutter Collections
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