Unit 3

HOSPITAL STAFFS AND DEPARTMENTS

Objectives: After the lesson, students will be able to:
1. apply present simple and present continuous tenses referring to hospital
staffs and departments in listening, speaking, reading and writing.
2. read for words and information relating to hospital staffs and
departments
3. describe what people in a hospital are doing
4. listen for information, words and phrases about hospital staffs and
departments
5. write simple sentences

GETTING STARTED
1. Work with a partner to match each job with a person in the picture.
anaesthetist cardiologist pharmacist consultant physiotherapist
radiologist lab technician midwife paediatrician receptionist
paramedic scrub nurse surgeon porter

1_____________________ 2_____________________ 3____________________

4 _____________________ 5 _____________________ 6_____________________

 7 _____________________ 8 _____________________ 9 ____________________

10 ____________________ 11 _____________________ 12___________________

13 _____________________ 14 _____________________
2. Match each phonetic spelling to one of the jobs. Try to say them with your partner.
A. /'skrʌb nɜːs/ _____ H. /ə´ni:sθətist/ _____
B. /kɑːdiˈɒlədʒɪst/ _____ I. /pi:diə´triʃən/ _____
C. /rɪ'sepʃənist/ _____ J. /ˈpɔːtə/ _____
D. /'sɜ: ʤən/ _____ K. /ˈfɑːməsɪst / _____
E. /fɪziəʊˈθerəpɪst/ _____ L. /pær.əˈmed.ɪk/ _____
F. /reɪdiˈɒlədʒɪst/ _____ M. /læb tekˈnɪʃ.ən/ _____
G. /kən'sʌltənt/ _____ N. /ˈmɪd.waɪf/ _____
READING
Reading 1 – General Practitioners (GPs)
1. Before you read, discuss these questions:
Which doctor do you see first when you get ill?
What do they often ask you?
2. Read the passage and circle the correct answer for the following questions.
Often you have to wait several hours if
When most people are ill with a non- not at least one of two days before you
life threatening condition they will can get an appointment with a GP. If
most often see a General Practitioner, a you are too ill to wait you have to go to
GP, also called a Family Doctor. These a hospital and visit the accident and
doctors generally work in the local emergency department.
community in surgeries rather than in
GPs also make house-calls. These are
hospitals, so they are convenient for
when the GP comes to your house to
people to see for a consultation.
treat you or see a patient. Most often a
However, other GPs can work in a very
GP has to make house-calls to see
wide range of areas, such as in
elderly people who cannot get to the
hospitals, in education and for
surgery easily. They might be ill and
insurance companies.
need doctor to give them medicine or it
As the name suggests, GPs are doctors could be that the GP just want to check
that do not have a specialty, such as a on them and make sure that they are ok.
brain surgeon or cancer specialist: they
If you are ill, the doctor will normally
are able to diagnose and treat all the
prescribe you some medicine and tell
possible diseases and problem that one
you to go away for a few days before
of their patients might have. They can
you go back and visit them again if you
treat and manage most illnesses and
have not started to get better. The GP
perform some minor surgeries in their
will also explain how you can have a
practice. Then for more serious cases
better lifestyle that could prevent you
they will refer the patient to a specialist
from becoming ill in the first place.
that will work in a hospital.
They will normally recommend that
If you are ill and need to see a GP you you stop smoking cigarettes (if you do),
will normally need to make an not to drink too much alcohol and to
appointment. Sometimes you can just get exercise. Once you have your
walk into the surgery and see a doctor, prescription you will need to visit a
but that is not very likely as GPs are pharmacy to get the medicine the
normally very busy and all their doctor prescribed you.
appointment times will be fully booked.
 1. What is the difference between a specialist and a GP?
A. There is no difference, they are both doctors.
B. The GP normally works in a hospital and the specialist works in a surgery.
C. A GP can treat patients with many different illnesses, while the specialist
focuses on one area only.
D. You need to be referred to a GP but not to a specialist.
2. Where do GP normally work?
A. In a hospital
B. In a school
C. In a surgery
D. In a mobile vehicle
3. Why will you often have to wait to see a GP?
A. They are very busy, so all their appointment times get full.
B. To make sure you are really ill.
C. So the GP will have enough work to do each day.
D. You will need to travel a long way to see them and the journey will take a
few days.
4. What sort of person will most likely be visited by a GP in their own home?
A. A new born baby.
B. An old person.
C. Someone with a serious illness.
D. GPs do not visit patients in their houses.
5. What do GPs do as well as making ill people better?
A. They give advice about how to not become ill in the first place.
B. They help the families of people who have died.
C. They participate in local community activities.
D. They work with the people who make the medicine to sell more of it.
3. Read the passage again and mark the statement are true (T) or false (F).
1. _____The GP works in the hospital most of their time.
2. _____ The GP doesn’t specialize in any specialties.
3. _____ You can go to see the GP at any time you need.
 4. _____ If you cannot wait to see the GP, you have to go to the accident and
emergency department.
5. _____ The GP makes house-calls to see all patients.
6. _____ You don’t need a prescription from the doctor when you visit a pharmacy.
4. Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from the passage.
1. A GP can work as a ________________.
2. It’s convenient to see the GP for ________________.
3. The GP can send you to a ________________ if you have serious health problems.
4. If you want to see the GP, you need to make ________________.
5. A GP often make ________________ to see the patient who cannot get to the
hospital easily.
6. The GP normally ________________ you to do or not to do something to have a
better lifestyle.

Reading 2 – The general hospital

1. Before you read, discuss these questions:
Which departments does a general hospital commonly have?
Which hospital departments have you ever been to?
2. Read the passage and mark the statements as true (T) or false (F).
The general hospital
General hospitals may be
academic health facilities or
community-based entities. They are
general in the sense that they admit all
types of medical and surgical cases,
and they concentrate on patients
with acute illnesses needing relatively
short-term care. Community general
hospitals vary in their bed numbers.
Each general hospital, however, has
an organized medical staff, a
professional staff of other health
providers (such as nurses, technicians,
dietitians, and physiotherapists), and basic diagnostic equipment. In addition to the
essential services relating to patient care, and depending on size and location, a
community general hospital may also have a pharmacy, a laboratory, sophisticated
diagnostic services such as radiology and angiography, physical therapy departments,
an obstetrical unit (a nursery and a delivery room), operating rooms, recovery rooms,
an outpatient department, and an emergency department. Smaller hospitals may
diagnose and stabilize patients prior to transfer to facilities with specialty services.
In larger hospitals there may be additional facilities: dental services, a nursery for
premature infants, an organ bank for use in transplantation, a department of
renal dialysis (removal of wastes from the blood by passing it through semipermeable
membranes, as in the artificial kidney), equipment for inhalation therapy, an intensive
care unit, a volunteer-services department, and, possibly, a home-care program or
access to home-care placement services.
The complexity of the general hospital is in large part a reflection of advances in
diagnostic and treatment technologies. Such advances range from the 20th-century
introduction of antibiotics and laboratory procedures to the continued emergence of
new surgical techniques, new materials and equipment for complex therapies
(e.g., nuclear medicine and radiation therapy), and new approaches to and equipment
for physical therapy and rehabilitation.
The legally constituted governing body of the hospital, with full responsibility for the
conduct and efficient management of the hospital, is usually a hospital board. The
board establishes policy and, on the advice of a medical advisory board, appoints a
medical staff and an administrator. It exercises control over expenditures and has the
responsibility for maintaining professional standards.
The administrator is the chief executive officer of the hospital and is responsible to the
board. In a large hospital there are many separate departments, each of which is
controlled by a department head. The largest department in any hospital is nursing,
followed by the dietary department and housekeeping. Examples of other departments
that are important to the functioning of the hospital include laundry, engineering,
stores, purchasing, accounting, pharmacy, physical and occupational therapy, social
service, pathology, X-ray, and medical records.
The medical staff is also organized into departments, such
as surgery, medicine, obstetrics, and pediatrics. The degree
of departmentalization of the medical staff depends on the
specialization of its members and not primarily on the size of
the hospital, although there is usually some correlation
between the two. The chiefs of the medical-staff
departments, along with the chiefs of radiology and
pathology, make up the medical advisory board, which
usually holds regular meetings on medical-administrative
matters. The professional work of the individual staff
members is reviewed by medical-staff committees. In a large
hospital the committees may report to the medical advisory
board; in a smaller hospital, to the medical staff directly, at
regular staff meetings.
 1._______ General hospitals are only community-based entities
2._______ General hospitals focus on patients with acute illnesses needing long-
term care.
3._______ Community general hospitals has a certain number of patient beds.
4._______ A community general hospital may also have physical
therapy departments.
5._______ Smaller hospitals must transfer patients to facilities with specialty
services without any diagnosis.
6._______ In larger hospitals there may be renal dialysis and an intensive care
unit.
7._______ The complexity of the general hospital is in the reflection of advances
in diagnostic and treatment technologies
8._______ The hospital board only has the responsibility for the efficient
management of the hospital.
9._______ The largest departments in a general hospital are dietary department
and housekeeping.
10._______ The degree of departmentalization of the medical staff depends on the
size of the hospital.

3. Read the passage again and answer the questions below.

1. Who work in a general hospital?

___________________________________________________________________

2. Which departments may a community general hospital have in addition to essential

services?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What does a department of renal dialysis do?

___________________________________________________________________

4. What are complex therapies?

___________________________________________________________________

5. From whom does the hospital board get advice to establish hospital policies?

___________________________________________________________________
 4. Work in pairs, make a list of hospital departments you read from the passage.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

VOCABULARY

1. Read the website about a

hospital’s departments.
Heartland Hospital’s dedicated staff is here to serve
Then, mark the following you. Our first-class departments include:
statements as true (T) or Pediatrics: provides healthcare from birth to
false (F). adulthood/ Chair: Dr. Richard Collins
1. ________Dr. Silver’s Obstetrics: cares for women through all stages of
pregnancy/ Chair: Dr. Susan Meeks
department performs
Radiology: creates X-rays and CT scans for all
organ transplants.
departments/ Chair: Dr. Thomas Locke
2. ________Dr. Howard’s Pathology: tests samples for all departments/ Chair:
and Dr. Locke’s Dr. Laura Howard
departments work with Surgery: performs everything from routine procedures
all other hospital to organ transplants/ Chair: Dr. Rachel Silver
Cardiology: investigates and treats all heart problems/
departments.
Chair: Dr. Paul Sartin
3. _______The pharmacy Dermatology: cares for everything from warts to skin
is closed on Sundays. cancer/ Chair: Dr. Geoff Schmitt
Orthopedics: provides bone and joint care/ Chair: Dr.
Catherine Newland
Emergency: treats patients in life-threatening
condition/ Chair: Dr. Douglas Greene
Additionally, our pharmacy can fill prescriptions
twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.
2. Which of the departments is shown opposite?
1. Dispenses medicines _____ A Pathology
2. Treat kidney diseases _____ B Cardiology
3. Specializes in pregnancy and birth _____ C Physiotherapy
4. Studies illnesses and analyses samples _____ D Renal unit
5. Treats diseases of the skin _____ E Pharmacy
6. Performs operations on patients _____ F Orthopedics
7. Designs special exercises for patients? _____ G Neurology
8. Studies blood disorders _____ H Pediatrics
9. Treats bones _____ I Dermatology
10. Specializes in the heart _____ J Hematology
11. Deals with sick children _____ K Obstetrics
12. Treats disorders of the nervous system _____ L Surgery
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the word bank.
radiology pathology surgery emergency pharmacy
1. Please take this sample to __________ for testing
2. An ambulance brought the patient to the __________________room.
3. Could you get the X-rays from ______?
4. The __________________on the first floor should have medicine you need.
5. Take this patient to ______________for her transplant
4. Match the words (1-5) with the definitions (A-E).
1. ____ lad technician
2. ____ anesthesiologist
3. ____ general practitioner
4. ____ nurse
5. ____ pharmacist
 A. a doctor who provides many kinds of care to adults and children
B. a doctor who renders patients unconscious or prevents them from feeling pain
C. a medical professional who works with samples in a laboratory
D. a medical professional who helps a doctor and cares for patients
E. a person who fills prescriptions and gives medicine
5. Complete descriptions with a job from Getting started and the verbs below.
moves performs specializes gives examines
prepares supports treats takes delivers
1. A pediatrician treats children.
2. A _____________ attends births and _____________ babies.
3. A_____________ _____________ in illnesses of the heart and blood vessels.
4. A__________ __________equipment, furniture, patients, etc. around the hospital.
5. A_____________ _____________ X-rays and other images.
6. A_____________ _____________ surgeons in the operating theatre.
7. A________ ____________ medicines to give to medical staff or patients.
8. A ___________ responds to emergencies and __________first aid.
9. A _____________ _____________ operations.
10. A _____________ _____________ samples and tissues under a microscope.
6. Work in small groups. Tell the group what department of a hospital you would like
to work in. What things does the department do? Which ones would you not like to
work in and why?

IV. LANGUAGE FOCUS

PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Present Simple
Positive
I/You/We/They work in a team.
He/She/It works in a team.
= subject + infinitive / (s/es)
Negative
I/You/We/They don’t give injection in the job.
He/She/It doesn’t give injection in the job.
= subject + do not (don’t) / does not (doesn’t) + infinitive
Questions Short answers
Do I/you/we/they want take temperature? Yes, I/you/we/they do.
No, I/you/we/they don’t.
Does he/she want take temperature? Yes, he/she does.
No, he/she doesn’t.
= Do / Does + subject + infinitive?
We use the Present Simple to describe routines and duties, and to talk about things that
are true at any time.
A midwife takes care the patients.
Do anaesthetists deliver babies?
Present continuous
Positive
I am working
You/We/They are working in Pediatrics this month.
He/She/It is working
= subject + am/is/are + -ing form
Negative
I am not ( I’m not) studying.
You/We/They are not (aren’t) studying. Anatomy this term.

He/She/It is not (isn’t) studying.

= subject + ‘m not / aren’t / isn’t + -ing form.

Questions Short answers
Am I working hard? Yes, I am.
No, I’m not.
Are you/we/they working hard? Yes, you/we/they are.
No, you/we/they aren’t.
Is he/she/it working hard? Yes, he/she/it is.
No, he/she/it isn’t.
= Am / Are / Is + subject + -ing form.
We use the Present Continuous to talk about things that are happening now, or around
now. We often use a time expression such as at the moment, this week…. etc.
At the moment, I’m doing a part-time course.
Which department are you working in this week?

* Notes:
There are some verbs which are not used in the Present Continuous. These are
have (= possess), and thinking and feeling verbs such as dislike, hate, know, like,
love, remember, and want.
I want a new job. NOT I’m wanting a new job.

1. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb.

1. John ____________ (work) in the Orthopaedic Ward, he ___________ (not work)
in Theatre.
2. A general surgeon ____________ (do) all types of operations.
3. What ____________ a radiologist ____________ (do)?
4. ____________ you ____________ (know) a good surgeon? – No, I’m sorry, I
don’t.
5. An orthopaedic surgeon ____________ (operate) on knees.
6. Where ____________ you ____________ (have) your lectures?
7. He usually ____________ (need) stronger painkiller.
8. Cardiology ____________ (investigate) and ____________ (treat) patients with
heart problems.
9. Mathew ____________ (be) interested in working at Radiology department.
10. ____________ she often ____________ (work) night shift? – Not very often.
2. Read this student nurse’s email home to her friend. Choose the correct verb forms to
complete it.
From: mcaren@urbismail.com
To: ivana.lukic@fastnet.com

Hi Ivana,
I (1) write/ ‘m writing to say thank you for the birthday card, and to tell you how I
(2) get on / ‘m getting on. The course is hard work, but I’m (3) enjoying / enjoy it so
far. We usually (4) have / are having classes every morning, but this week I (5)’m
working /work in Geriatrics all day. It’s interesting, although of course I (6) want /’m
wanting to work as a scrub nurse.
On the Geriatrics ward I (7)’m making / make beds and (8) checking /check patients’
blood pressure and temperature. I (9)’m learning / learn a lot, and the experience is
very useful.
I (10)’m going out / go out most Saturday nights, but stay in and study on other days.
Tomorrow I (11) go /’m going to a restaurant for my birthday! I (12) make / ‘m
making a lot of friends, but I wish you were here too. Write to me!
Love
Maria Carmen

3. Make up sentences using given prompts.

1. John / not work / Medical ward, he / work / Pediatrics.
_______________________________________________________________________

2. My uncle / have / small drug store / next / General hospital.

_______________________________________________________________________

3. The nurse / give / an injection / to / patient / the moment.

_______________________________________________________________________

4. nurse Jane / work/night shift / weekdays?

_______________________________________________________________________

5. The chemist’s / start / work / 8.00 / in / morning / and / finish / 5.00 p.m.
_______________________________________________________________________
 6. He / examining / a patient / the moment.
_______________________________________________________________________

7. ‘What / you / do / these days?’ ‘I / write / article about diabetes.

_______________________________________________________________________

8. She / want / be / nurse / because / she / like / work / with people.

_______________________________________________________________________

9. This month, Jane and James / work / the same ward.

_______________________________________________________________________

10. What / the doctor / prescribe / the cough?

_______________________________________________________________________

LISTENING
Listening 1 An admission

1. Mrs. Benson is admitted to hospital. Listen to the five short conversations, and
decide who is speaking to her in each one. Write 1-5.
A. a receptionist _____
B. a consultant _____
C. a paramedic _____
D. a sister _____
E. a radiologist _____
2. Listen again and decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Mrs. Benson has had a fall.
2. ____ This is not Mrs. Benson's first X-ray.
3. ____ Mrs. Benson can't find the toilet.
4. ____ She has a heart problem.
5. ____ The consultant sends her home.
6. ____ Mrs. Benson's appointment is next week.
 Listening 2

3. Listen to a conversation between a

doctor and a patient. Choose the correct
answers.
1. Where is the dermatology department?
A. Downstairs
B. On the third floor
C. Past the pharmacy
D. Next to the emergency room
2. What will the woman likely do next?
A. Visit the pharmacy
B. Go to the emergency room
C. Make a radiology appointment
D. Go to the dermatology
department

4. Listen again and complete the conversation

Doctor: Well, Mary, other than that rash, you’re in great (1) ____________.
Patient: Okay, Doctor. What should I do about it?
Doctor: I want you to go to (2) ____________. Make an appointment for them to look
at it.
Patient: Where’s that department?
Doctor: It’s on the third (3) ____________. Turn right when you pass the
(4) ____________department.
Patient: Great, I’ll head up there now.
Doctor: But first, you should refill your prescription at the (5) ______________.
Patient: The pharmacy is downstairs, right?
Doctor: Yes, next to the (6)____________ room.
5. Use the conversation from listening 4 to fill out the patient’s notes

Mary Coburn
Hospital visit notes

First stop: ___________________________________________________________

Location: ____________________________________________________________
Reason: _____________________________________________________________
Second stop: _________________________________________________________
Location: ___________________________________________________________
Reason: _____________________________________________________________

Listening 3 A job interview

6. Before you listen, answer the questions.
1. How do you feel about interviews?
Are you good at them?
2. When was your last interview?
What was it for? How did it go?

7. Listen to Rachel having a job interview and answer the questions.

1. Where is Rachel working now?
__________________________________________________________________
2. Which part of the hospital does she work in?
__________________________________________________________________
3. Why is she looking for a new job?
__________________________________________________________________

8. Complete the sentences using the words below. Then listen again and check.
operations course patients

surgeons scrub nurse night shift

 1. Are you a fully-qualified ____________?
2. At the moment I’m doing a part-time ___________ and working at the same time.
3. It’s hard, especially when I’m working a________ and going to lectures next day.
4. I assist the ___________, I prepare the instruments for surgery and I help with the
_____________.
5.…it’s the contact with the _________ that’s most rewarding.

SPEAKING
Speaking 1 Which job?
1. Work with a partner and match each quote with a job.

1. Can you read the bottom 2. Today I delivered two sets of twins.
line of letters? ___F____ _______

3. I go around delivering mail 4. Clamp…. suction…

every morning. ______ forceps….needle…_______

5. Bend your knee ten times 6. Open wide. _______

and then rest. _______

8. I’m examining a culture

7. This machine will give us a
of organisms extracted from
picture of your lungs. ______
a patient. _______

9. I’m arranging an appointment 10. Move your feet, please. I need

now. ______ to disinfect the floor. _____

A. lab technician E. receptionist H. surgeon

B. physiotherapist F. optician I. midwife
C. radiologist G. dentist J. cleaner
D. porter
2. Work in pairs. Student A choose one of the job in Task 1. Student B, ask yes / no
questions until you guess the job. Then change roles. The person who guesses with the
fewest questions is the winner.
Example
Student A Student B
Does this person work with children? Not, not especially.
Does he or she have medical training? No.
Does he or she have to be physically strong? Yes.
Is it a porter? Yes.

Speaking 2 What are they doing?

Look at the pictures and tell your partner what the people are doing; which
department they work in.
Example
Student A Student B
What are they doing in picture A? They are performing an operation.
Which department do they work in? They work in surgery.

A B
 C D

E F

WRITING HOW TO WRITE SIMPLE SENTENCES

1 Structure of simple sentences
A simple sentence contains only one independent clause that expresses a complete
thought.
An independent clause is a group of words that has both a subject and a predicate. A
subject is whom or what the sentence is about and the predicate í the action the
subject does.
Eg: I had a serious injury.
Simple sentences can have compound elements.
Eg: Jeremy and I had a serious injury.
2 Circle the simple sentences.
1. Dr. John works.
2. Two nurses went to the operation room.
3. Go to the Radiology.
4. Serious day.
5. A practitioner is busy all day.
3 Read each sentence. Draw online under the subject part and two lines under the
predicate part.
1. My family would like to thank you for taking my farther to the hospital.
2. Doctors in this department give anesthetics for operations.
3. This unit screens women for breast cancer.
4. This department provides medica care to patients with heart problems.
5. It treats people on an inpatient and outpatient basis.
4 Put each group of words together in a sentence.
1. treat / blood / diseases and malignancies / these doctor

2. Maternity / ward / antenatal care, care / during / childbirth and postnatal care /
provides.
______________________________________________________________
3. Physiotherapists / in / different / departments / often / work.
______________________________________________________________
4. The child / his head / bumped / during / a physical education.
______________________________________________________________
5. can’t stay / in / one position / I / for long.
______________________________________________________________
5 Complete the simple sentences below by adding either a subject or predicate
1. David and I _______________________________________________________
2. ________________ performs laboratory tests for all types of patients.
3. I feel _________________ most mornings.
4. It tends to _________________________________________________________
5. Mrs. Minton _______________________________________________________
6 You work as a general practitioner at a hospital. Write an email (25-35 words) to your
close friend and tell him/her about
• how long you work at the hospital a day
• what you often do a day at the hospital
• why you want to work as a general practitioner
________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

FURTHER READING
It’s my job

WILLIAM O’NEILL
I’m the Head Porter in this hospital. What do I do? Well, I run the
place.
Porters do more than just push food trolleys around the hospital.
We transport patients by wheelchair or stretcher from the wards
to Radiology or Physiotherapy and back again. We
remove dead bodies to the mortuary, we lift and carry heavy
equipment and furniture, and we dispose of all the waste. Each hospital bed produces 4.5
kilos of waste every day. We collect it each day and take it away for recycling.
We deliver the post all over the hospital and bring letters for patients - that’s a very
important thing. As we move around the place, we take files, samples, and specimens
from here to there and back again. Last year I walked 1,800 kilometers!
To do all these things a porter must be fit, be able to think clearly in an emergency, and
be polite and friendly.
Next time you are waiting for a porter to answer your call, please be patient. He will be
with you as soon as he can.
1. Try to remember the verbs in the text about William O’Neill and complete these
sentences.
1. We T__________ patients by wheelchair or stretcher….…
2. We L_____ and C_____ heavy equipment.
3. …and we D____________ of all the waste.
4. We C______ it each day and T_________ it away for recycling.
5. Each hospital bed P_______ 4.5 kilos of waste every day.
6. We D the post……. and B_________ letters for patients.
2. Decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.____Porters only pushes food trolleys around.
2.____They move patients around the hospital.
3.____Porters takes dead patients from the wards.
4. ____Each ward makes 4.5 kilos of waste a day.
5. ____The porters destroy all the waste.
6. ____Porters give the patients their mail.