ASM Cheatsheet

# Adding/Removing/Managing configuration about existing ASM instances

--Use the following syntax to add configuration information about an existing ASM instance:

Srvctl add asm -n node_name -i +asm_instance_name -o oracle_home

--Use the following syntax to remove an ASM instance:

Srvctl remove asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name]

--Use the following syntax to enable an ASM instance:

Srvctl enable asm -n node_name [-i ] +asm_instance_name

--Use the following syntax to disable an ASM instance:

Srvctl disable asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name]

--Use the following syntax to start an ASM instance:

Srvctl start asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name] [-o start_options]

--Use the following syntax to stop an ASM instance:

Srvctl stop asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name] [-o stop_options]

--Use the following syntax to show the configuration of an ASM instance:

Srvctl config asm -n node_name

--Use the following syntax to obtain the status of an ASM instance:

Srvctl status asm -n node_name

--P.S.:
--For all of the SRVCTL commands in this section for which the

--option is not required, if you do not specify an instance name, then -i

--the command applies to all of the ASM instances on the node.

# Managing DiskGroup inside ASM:

--Note that adding or dropping disks will initiate a rebalance of the data on the disks.

--The status of these processes can be shown by selecting from v$asm_operation.

--Quering ASM Disk Groups

Col name format a25

Col DATABASE_COMPATIBILITY format a10

Col COMPATIBILITY format a10

Select * from v$asm_diskgroup;

--or

Select name, state, type, total_mb, free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

--Quering ASM Disks

Col PATH format a55

Col name format a25

Select name, path, group_number, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, READS, WRITES, READ_TIME,

WRITE_TIME from v$asm_disk order by 3,1;

--or

Col PATH format a50

Col HEADER_STATUS format a12

Col name format a25

--select INCARNATION,
Select name, path, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS, MODE_STATUS, STATE, group_number,

OS_MB, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, READS, WRITES, READ_TIME, WRITE_TIME, BYTES_READ,

BYTES_WRITTEN, REPAIR_TIMER, MOUNT_DATE, CREATE_DATE from v$asm_disk;

#TUNING and Analisys

--Only Performance Statistics

--N.B Time in Hundredseconds!

Col READ_TIME format 9999999999.99

Col WRITE_TIME format 9999999999.99

Col BYTES_READ format 99999999999999.99

Col BYTES_WRITTEN format 99999999999999.99

Select name, STATE, group_number, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB,READS, WRITES, READ_TIME,

WRITE_TIME, BYTES_READ, BYTES_WRITTEN, REPAIR_TIMER,MOUNT_DATE

From v$asm_disk order by group_number, name;

--Check the Num of Extents in use per Disk inside one Disk Group.

Select max(substr(name,1,30)) group_name, count(PXN_KFFXP) extents_per_disk,

DISK_KFFXP, GROUP_KFFXP from x$kffxp, v$ASM_DISKGROUP gr

Where GROUP_KFFXP=&group_nr and GROUP_KFFXP=GROUP_NUMBER

Group by GROUP_KFFXP, DISK_KFFXP order by GROUP_KFFXP, DISK_KFFXP;

--Find The File distribution Between Disks

SELECT * FROM v$asm_alias WHERE name=’PWX_DATA.272.669293645’;

SELECT GROUP_KFFXP Group#,DISK_KFFXP Disk#,AU_KFFXP AU#,XNUM_KFFXP Extent#

WHERE name=’PWX_DATA.272.669293645’);

--or

SELECT GROUP_KFFXP Group#,DISK_KFFXP Disk#,AU_KFFXP AU#,XNUM_KFFXP Extent#

FROM X$KFFXP WHERE number_kffxp=&DataFile_Number;

--or

Select d.name, XV.GROUP_KFFXP Group#, XV.DISK_KFFXP Disk#,

XV.NUMBER_KFFXP File_Number, XV.AU_KFFXP AU#, XV.XNUM_KFFXP Extent#,

XV.ADDR, XV.INDX, XV.INST_ID, XV.COMPOUND_KFFXP, XV.INCARN_KFFXP,

XV.PXN_KFFXP, XV.XNUM_KFFXP,XV.LXN_KFFXP, XV.FLAGS_KFFXP,

XV.CHK_KFFXP, XV.SIZE_KFFXP from v$asm_disk d, X$KFFXP XV

Where d.GROUP_NUMBER=XV.GROUP_KFFXP and d.DISK_NUMBER=XV.DISK_KFFXP

And number_kffxp=&File_NUM order by 2,3,4;

--List the hierarchical tree of files stored in the diskgroup

SELECT concat(‘+’||gname, sys_connect_by_path(aname, ‘/’)) full_alias_path FROM

(SELECT g.name gname, a.parent_index pindex, a.name aname,

a.reference_index rindex FROM v$asm_alias a, v$asm_diskgroup g

WHERE a.group_number = g.group_number)

START WITH (mod(pindex, power(2, 24))) = 0

CONNECT BY PRIOR rindex = pindex;

#Create and Modify Disk Group

ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.rdbms’ = ’11.1’, ‘compatible.asm’ = ’11.1’;

Alter diskgroup FRA1 check all;

--on +ASM2 :

Alter diskgroup FRA1 mount;

--Add a second disk:

Alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra2’;

--Add several disks with a wildcard:

Alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra*’;

--Remove a disk from a diskgroup:

Alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk ‘FRA1_0002’;

--Drop the entire DiskGroup

Drop diskgroup DATA1 including contents;

--How to DROP the entire DiskGroup when it is in NOMOUNT Status

--Generate the dd command which will reset the header of all the

--disks belong the GROUP_NUMBER=0!!!!

Select ‘dd if=/dev/zero of=’’’ ||PATH||’’’ bs=8192 count=100’ from v$asm_disk

Select * from v$asm_operation;

Alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk ‘FRA1_0002’;

Alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra3’;

Alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk ‘FRA1_0003’;

Alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra4’;

--When a new diskgroup is created, it is only mounted on the local instance,

--and only the instance-specific entry for the asm_diskgroups parameter is updated.

--By manually mounting the diskgroup on other instances, the asm_diskgroups parameter

--on those instances are updated.

--on +ASM1 :

Create diskgroup FRA1 external redundancy disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/fradg/fra1’

ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.rdbms’ = ’11.1’, ‘compatible.asm’ = ’11.1’;

--on +ASM2 :

Alter diskgroup FRA1 mount;

--It works even for on going balances!!!

Alter diskgroup DATA1 rebalance power 10;

ASMCMD Command Reference:

Command Description

- cd Command Changes the current directory to the specified directory.

- cp Command Enables you to copy files between ASM disk groups on a local instance and remote
instances.

- du Command Displays the total disk space occupied by ASM files in the specified

- ASM directory and all of its subdirectories, recursively.

- exit Command Exits ASMCMD.

- find Command Lists the paths of all occurrences of the specified name (with wildcards) under the
specified directory.

- help Command Displays the syntax and description of ASMCMD commands.

- ls Command Lists the contents of an ASM directory, the attributes of the specified

- file, or the names and attributes of all disk groups.

- lsct Command Lists information about current ASM clients.

- lsdg Command Lists all disk groups and their attributes.

- lsdsk Command Lists disks visible to ASM.

- md_backup Command Creates a backup of all of the mounted disk groups.

- md_restore Command Restores disk groups from a backup.

- mkalias Command Creates an alias for system-generated filenames.

- mkdir Command Creates ASM directories.

- pwd Command Displays the path of the current ASM directory.

- remap Command Repairs a range of physical blocks on a disk.

- rm Command Deletes the specified ASM files or directories.

- rmalias Command Deletes the specified alias, retaining the file that the alias points to.

 Kfed tool From Unix Prompt for reading ASM disk header.
Kfed read /dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra1

# CREATE and Manage Tablespaces and Datafiles on ASM

CREATE TABLESPACE my_ts DATAFILE ‘+disk_group_1’ SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON;

ALTER TABLESPACE sysaux ADD DATAFILE ‘+disk_group_1’ SIZE 100M;

ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE ‘+DATA1/dbname/datafile/audit.259.668957419’ RESIZE 150M;

Create diskgroup DATA1 external redundancy disk ‘/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra1’

ATTRIBUTE ‘compatible.rdbms’ = ’11.1’, ‘compatible.asm’ = ’11.1’;

Select ‘alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ‘’’ || PATH || ‘’’;’ from v$asm_disk

Where GROUP_NUMBER=0 and rownum<=&Num_Disks_to_add;

Select ‘alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ‘’’ || PATH || ‘’’;’ from v$asm_disk

Where GROUP_NUMBER=0 and rownum<=&Num_Disks_to_add;

--Remove ASM header

Select ‘dd if=/dev/zero of=’’’ ||PATH||’’’ bs=8192 count=100’ from v$asm_disk

Where GROUP_NUMBER=0;
Sql to find candidate disks

SELECT

NVL(a.name, ‘[CANDIDATE]’) disk_group_name

, b.path disk_file_path

, b.name disk_file_name

, b.failgroup disk_file_fail_group

FROM

V$asm_diskgroup a RIGHT OUTER JOIN v$asm_disk b USING (group_number)

ORDER BY

a.name;