UNIT V
Analysis and applications
◦ Signal Processing
◦ Real time and Local Analytics
◦ Databases
◦ Cloud analytics and applications
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Signals
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Signal Example
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Real Signals
AM radio signal
FM radio signal
cable TV signal
audio signal
NTSC video signal
10BT Ethernet signal
telephone signal
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Examples of signals
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Independent Variables
• Time is often the independent variable
for a signal. x(t) will be used to represent
a signal that is a function of time, t.
• A temporal signal is defined by the
relationship of its amplitude
(the dependent variable) to time
(the independent variable).
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Continuous Time (CT) Signals
• Most of the signals in the physical world are CT signals, since the time scale is
infinitesimally fine (e.g., voltage, pressure, temperature, velocity).
• Often, the only way we can view these signals is through a transducer, a device that
converts a CT signal to an electrical signal.
• Common transducers are the ears, the eyes, the nose… but these are a little complicated.
• Simpler transducers are voltmeters, microphones, and pressure sensors.
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Discrete-Time (DT) Signals
• We can write a collection of numbers (1, -3, 7, 9) representing a signal as a function of a
discrete variable, n. x[n] represents the amplitude, or value of the signal as a function of
n, which takes on integer values.
• Many human-generated signals are discrete (e.g., MIDI codes, stock market prices, digital
images).
• In this course, we will show that most of the properties that apply to CT signals apply in a
similar manner to DT signals.
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Typical DSP applications
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DSP
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DSP Processing system
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What is DSP?
Converting a continuously changing waveform (analog) into a series of
discrete levels (digital)
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Cont’d
The analog waveform is sliced into equal segments and the waveform
amplitude is measured in the middle of each segment
The collection of measurements make up the digital representation of
the waveform
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Converting Analog into Digital
Electronically
The device that does the conversion is called an Analog to Digital
Converter (ADC)
There is a device that converts digital to analog that is called a Digital to
Analog Converter (DAC)
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Advantages of DSP
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Applications of DSP
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Cont’d
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Cont’d
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Cont’d
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Cont’d
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Examples
Application of DSP to recover damaged sound tracks
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Cont’d
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How are we Achieving this ?
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WSN
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Key Characteristics of IOT devices
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Beyond conventional sensors
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Cont’d
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IoT data access
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Benefits of data processing in IOT
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Sensor data as time series
data
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Time series data and segmentation
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THANK YOU
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