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LEC - Tracking The Path and Constructing The Periodic Table

The document outlines the historical development of the Periodic Table, highlighting contributions from chemists like Johann Dobereiner, John Newlands, Dmitri Mendelev, and Lothar Meyer. It explains the structure of the Periodic Table, including groups, periods, and classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The Periodic Law states that the properties of elements vary periodically with atomic number.

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Mariz Raymundo
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110 views1 page

LEC - Tracking The Path and Constructing The Periodic Table

The document outlines the historical development of the Periodic Table, highlighting contributions from chemists like Johann Dobereiner, John Newlands, Dmitri Mendelev, and Lothar Meyer. It explains the structure of the Periodic Table, including groups, periods, and classifications of elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The Periodic Law states that the properties of elements vary periodically with atomic number.

Uploaded by

Mariz Raymundo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Tracking the path and constructing the Periodic Table

Key Concepts:

Johann Dobereiner proposed the triad of elements with similar properties like the triad of
calcium barium and strontium.
The Law of Octaves was suggested an English chemist, John Newlands. He noted that for
every eight element arranged in order of increasing atomic number a similar property can be
observed.
A Russian chemist Dmitri Mendelev and a German
chemist Lothar Meyer independently published
arrangements of known elements that are much like
the periodic table today. Mendelev’s classification
was based largely on chemical properties. He
arranged the known elements in increasing atomic
mass on successive sequences. Whereas Meyer’s
classification was based largely on physical
properties.

The Periodic Law tells that properties of elements vary periodically with atomic number.
The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups while the horizontal ones are
called periods. There are eighteen (18) groups and seven (7) periods in the table of elements.
Each group has its own respective family name. Elements in group 1 are called alkali
metals; group 2 is alkaline earth metals while group 17 is halogens and group 18 are
called noble gases.
Groups 3 to 12 are called transition elements or d–transition because their electrons are
assigned to d-orbital.
The f-transition elements are also called as inner transition elements which is located at the
bottom of the table because their electrons are located at the f-orbital.
Groups 1, 2, and 13-18 are called representative elements because their last electrons are
assigned to s or p orbital.

Elements can also be classified as metals,


nonmetals, semimetals or metalloids.
The elements to the left of those touching
the heavy stair-step line are metals (except
hydrogen), and those to the right are
nonmetals. Most elements adjacent to the
heavy line are often called as semimetals or
metalloids because they are metallic only to
a limited degree.

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