fy Ub bree UA tea SINGAPORE STANDARD. CP 55:: 1991 (UDC 614.845) e CODE OF PRACTICE FOR Use And Maintenance Of Portable Fire Extinguishers Published by Singapore institute of Standards and Industrial ResearchPROTEC ABC DRY CHEMICAL FIRE EXTINGUISHER wt PO EE PSB Unies inase Blocop 55: 1991 “This Singapore Standard ving been approved by the Bulg and Construction Industy Practice Comite wes endoread by the Siandards Gouncl on @ January 1991, Fst published, 1691 “The Bing and Construction Isr Practice Commitee appelnedby the Standards Counc consis Of he folowing members Chairman Deputy Chairman secretary Members: Me Chow Kak Fong Mr Lam Siew Wah Me Stepan Chun ‘Me Chee Kang Yam Me Ghia Kok Loong Me Lai Chong Mong Mr Gary Ong Kim hye ‘Assoc Prof Phang Kok Wal ‘Me Phang Pock Tong, Tony He Song Woe Nope Me Benedict Tan Me Hamy Ke Wong Organisation CConstuction Industry Development Board CConsiucton Industry Development Board ‘Singers nett of Stardaris ae nduifl Research Associaton of Consulting Enginoers, Singapore ‘Siogapore Intute of Arcitcts Singapore Contactors Association Limted National Universty of Singapore Nanyang Technologie! institze Housing and Devlopmont Board Inston of Engineers, Singapore Pruble Works Department Department of Indust Safay “Tho Technical Commit appointed by the Busing and Construction Indust Practice Commies ar Tesponsble for the preparation of ths standard conats of ropresetatives fom the fallowing ‘organisations Name Ccheman : Mr B09 Geck Kwang Secretary: Mss Tan Meow Leng Members: Mr Choy Mam Koon He Ho Siong Hin Me Loke Chong Ngean Mr Mohammes in Aut Me Chavos Rudd ie Augustus Tan Organisation ‘Singapore sont Gil Defence Forces Singapore of Sanda ae Indust Research Singapore Jot Gi Detnce Forces Department of esti Safety ‘Sngapore Manufactures Associaton Sigapcr let f Saori and Indl Peserch Inston of Engineers Seosporo ‘Singapore Contractors! Assciaton Lines‘conTENTS Gee) 2 8 - : Section One. Ger a 12 15 scope : . Purpose Dotintions . Classtleston and ratings offre extinguishers == - ‘lassfleaton of hazards. oo 2 Genera requtements ee Section Two. Selection of extinguishers aa General equrements = = : Selocton byhazard = == Section Three. Distibution of extinguishers an 32 33 a4 3s a6 a7 28 20 General requrements - Fo extinguisher size and placemat lor Cass A tazards Fo extinguisher size and placomert for Cass B es {lating fees in fama igus of epprecttle depth) Fe ecingushor sao and placement for Gaze B res a flammable lqulds of appreciable pth 2 tase 8 fro extinguishers or pressured fammetie us and gases ames Cooking sesso res, 5 Three dimension Cass B res == _ Fie exingser see and placement for Gass © hazards Fe extngisher size and placement for Gass hazards ‘Section Four. Inspection, maintenance and recharging 44 42 cn Inspection S - oe cP ss: 1991 Page 0 ” 2 8 0 ry “ “ “ 3 soweeerFAy OUToP 55: 1991 Recharging - Section Five, Hydrostatic Testing 5a 54 moos Genet ’ Frequency : boo Tetingpresues = “Test equpment and procedures = - . APPENDICES Rating of commonly used fre eaingushers = = Maintenance procedures General salty guidlines for echarging == . Features of common 1pos of extinguishers = Hideostatic test Prot pressure test method = = = TABLES Minimum sts of fre extinguishers for Class Ahazaids = = ‘Travel distance to extinguishers for ceerent hazards Requementslorrecharging gases = Hyerostal tet interval fer extingushers : rounes Stored pressure powder extinguisher ‘Stored pressure mechanical foam extinguisher : ‘Stored pressure halon extngsher == - Stored presure halon extngueher with fad nozie CCanvidge-operatd water exingusher =~ oe Carbon donde entnguster = = Hydrostatic testing of extinglsher bates «Proc pressure est method a e 0 = ® 2 2oP ss: 1901 SINGAPORE STANDARD CODE OF PRACTICE FOR USE AND MAINTENANCE OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOREWORD ‘This Code of Practice was prepared by the Technical Commit fr Code of Practice on the Use and Malrtenance of Potato Fe Extingishare under the deton ofthe Building and Canatuan Industry Practice Commitee. This Code covers te raqutements and procodures on the slecton, Installation, Inspection, sorvcing. malterance ard rocharging of portable fre exinguhers Used ih ‘uldings. is inendad to complement the Singapore Standard 22: 1900 Specification for Poabe Fe Bxiguishers and provige gudance fo persone who need to use and/or maintain potable re cedingishers. In action to conforming to this Code, Indhcuns or orgenzations sancng fre exngulshers should familarse themselves wh othr apt lagslations In preparing his coe, reference was made tothe flowing standards: 1.885085 ——_Transporsab cotsinors Part 3: 1964 Speceston for seamless aluminum alloy gus ‘containers above Olive water capacty end upto 300 bar charged pressure at 1510 2 BS5%068 Fre exingushing Instalations and equipment on promis Pant 3 : 1985 Code of practe for sdloction, sntalaion and malntenance of potable fe extinguishers 3.885423: 1067 Speciation er portable re extinguishers NEPA.10- 1994 Portable fre exinguishare 5 $8232: 1980 Speciation for portable fre extinguishers 5 Fre Precautions for Bunge 1082 ‘Acknowledgement i made forthe use of nlormaton from the overseas publications and the fee reguistion Nore. ‘Singapore Standards are subject to perolealrvaw ta keep abreast ot technological changes and new tocnlea deelopmarts. The revsions of Singapore Standards are announesd UUs the issue ether of amendment ips oof rvesd exons, CComplance vith Singspore Stands does nat exempt users fom legal blgtons,cp 65: 1991 SECTION ONE GENERAL 4 SCOPE ‘This Code covers the sleton, stalin, inspection testing and maintenance of porta ire ‘ecinguhers and te requirements gen hen are minimum Porat exinguishes are appliances {obo used aoa st ie of defence to eatar for smal fires They are ecserdal even fcther forms ol Me protection equipment tke hose res, peers and ng mains are tated inthe premises. 1.2 PURPOSE “This Code pect prepard to asst slecting the proper extinguishers and ost and ‘maintain them comecy, ‘Th qurements are general nature ad are rotintnded to supersede tho pectic requirements of eleva autho for specie oscupancies, ‘The requrements of his Cade are by po means the timate and may be replaced by now technclogles ard beter aemties provided the degtes of protection mess the requirement ofthe ‘elovat author, 43° DEFINITIONS 1.3.1 The diferent types offres ate clases nto Classes A,B, Cand D and are deine as follows: Class as Aes aera inating the burning o xcnary combust materi ke wood, paper, cot, faring, plastis and rubber. ©) ClassB Cass 6 fs aro tres imcving Fammabe lauds, solvents, os, pats, thinner and fammatie gases case. ‘Gass C fies are free inating lve dctcal equipment lhe electical mais, Tvarsormers and elctical apptance, et and whersexingushing medium used must be ectrealy non-conducive. i the. lecttcal equipment is de-noryaed, fentngshees for Claseas A and B canbe used) Cm (as tees are res nveving combustible mtals oy potas, magnesia, tau, sodium, hum and 2eonium. 41.32 Body (Or Extinguisher Body). Tho moa stl of an extinguisher, exuding a cloatss, salty vices and posse Inletors, signe to contain tha extingulfingmeclum and including any skit.oP 85: 1991 4.3 Inspection. inspection is a“quck check” that an extinguisher is avalable and wil operate, Ils ntended to gve reasonable assurance thatthe extngushor fly charged and operative. THSIS ‘done by seeing that snes designated place, that thas not beon sctusod or tampared wih, an thal thre i no obvious or physic damage Gr candton to prevent operation 1.34 Maintenance. Maintenance ls a horough chook” of he ecinguisher. It intended to ge ‘maximum assurance tht an exingsher wil operato fective) and safely. I Inudes a thorough ‘ramnation and any necessary repair or replacorert. It wl rma reve tho need for hyérostae testing 4.35 Manufacturers Test Pressure. The manufactur’ tes pressures the pressure at which the body was tested at ine of manufacuze. This pressure ls shown onthe body In tho caso of carbon ode extinguishers and onthe permanent nameplate or bal In tho caso of othr types of ‘etinguishers 41.36 Portable Extinguisher. An exingLisher which ie designed tobe cared and operated by hand nd which ln working fda hata mas of not mare an 20H. 137 Oseupaney. Occupancy refers to contents and acts nthe bulings, 4.38 Operating Pressure. Tho pressure a nested on the gauge dll 1.39 Recharging. Recharging she replacement ofthe extinguishing agent and als includes the expolant for cefaln types of extinguishers. 1.3.40. RolevantAuthoy.Relvat authori the orgarisation ofc o individual responsible for ‘onsbsing to to use of Ne equipmane, instalation ofa procedure. 1.8.11 Shall. ldicates mandatory requirement 1.8.12 Should. Indicates recommendations made, (CLASSIFICATION AND RATINGS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Portable re ecingichers are lasted for use on cotaln clases offes and etd for eave ‘otingishng ofecveness at ambient temperature. This ls based upon the preceding dassifeation ck {ree and tho fre-xingulshmertpotenals as determined by fre tsts (orto 88 232). “Tho clasiication and raling system described inthis Code Is based on extinguishing pre- Planced fre of Selarmines 20 and desertion as flows: Gas Aang Wood Cass B Rating - —Farmabl tgs way Clas € Rating - No fre test, Agont must be @ non-condutr of electety Clas D Rating - Spec tees on specie combate mata Fees (he caring out of uch test and the rang of extinguisher shal be the responsibly ofthe manufecters)oP 55: 1901 1:5 CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARDS “5:1 LowHazard, Viarethe amour of combustibles or arabe uid presert such that es fal size may be expactd aed these may include fices, dassooms, places of wership,assemoiy halls teeta exchanges and domostic Kichens. 1.5.2 Medium Hazard. Where the amaunt of combustibles or Rammabl liquids proectssuch that fos of moderate size may be expectd and these may Inco storage and dspay ares, motor Showrooms, covered cr parks, Ighndusty promises, warehouses not cassfied as high hazard Shopping seas aboraloes, mal ping areas and commer Wtchens, 1.5.3. Wigh Hazard, Where the amourt of combustesorfammable quis presorts suchthat res reovere magrtude may be expected end these may lctudo exhibition eres, furtue showrooms, ‘ood working promises, vehicle repair werahops, ara hangars, warehouses with tigh-bay (mor ‘ighe) storage end procestes sucha femunableIqud handing. pat and dipping 4.6 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. 1.6.1 The classtication of edingishers shall bein accordance withthe dainton of Const of « LETTER which eats the ass of fr on which an extinguisher has ‘tocive, preceded bya rang NUMERAL (Class Aand 8 cal) which indeates the rate extinguishing tHtectvanee (efor o 88252 fo dation of ot es). 1162 Bdinguishers sal be conspicuously oes in postions where they wil be reed acoesstie ‘and immediately avlabo inthe event of fra. Preferably they shall be located nasr to room ext, Coniorn, saiays bbe end landings. in large rooms, and in cota locations where vis Sbetracon cannot be completely evaded lgns shal be prided 10 Inet the location, 1.83 Exingulsheis provided to del wth special ek shall be sted noar to he risk concamed, But hat too near as to be access in case of fe. Il the spec risk is contained in a coined apa0e. This gonorally advisable to poston the xingusher outso tat space, 1.64 Edingulsers shal not be loested In places where they may be exposed to uncly coasts _imosphores or splashing by corrosive fds. 1.68 Bcinguishers shal be mounted on walls by the hangers or brackets supp 1.86 Cabinets, permite to houte extinguishers, sll not be locked. Where extinguishers ae Subject fo matcous ue, locked exbinets may be used provided they Indude means of emergency fccoss og. 8 gaaetrored box to house key to unlock re extinguisher cabinet. Such hey sal be Teoated next tothe cabinat or as prt ofthe cabinet. 1.87 permite by the relevant authoty, re standing extinguishers may be placed on sheves or ‘nthe floor # these extngushor are designed for such for of placement, 4.6 Etngulsersnsalod under condtions where thoy could be subject to dslodgemert sal bo Installed in beaches specicaly designed to cope wth this problem. 4.88 Extinguishers insted under condone where thay cou be subject to physial damage shal be protected from posse impact(oP 55: 1991 1.6.10 Extinguishers shal be nstaed so thatthe carrying hance a the exingaher snot mere than 1150 m above the foor 1.6.11 Operating instuctins as in accordance wth $5 702 shal be laced on the front of the extinguisher SECTION TWO. SELECTION OF EXTINGUISHERS 24 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 2.1.1 Al extinguishers used shal comply wih the requremerts of SS 232 and approved by the relevant authors 2.42 The selection of exingushers for a ghen stuation shall be detaminod by the hazards tiipate, the contraction and occupancy (60817) finial propery. (See AppersuA) The number, se and placorene of eangushars reqred shal be determina using Section Tiree. 22° SELECTION BY HazARO ‘Eainguisors shal be sslected forthe spect class or classes af hazards tobe protected In accordance wit te following sit dvisons ‘22:1 Exinguishers for petting Css A hazard cha be esectd rom the allowing: Wor types, mut purpose powder types, bremochorodituormethane (BCF/Kalon 1211) bromotiivoromathane TM /Hlon 1901) or foam types 122.2 Extinguishers for protecting Cass 8 hazards shal be selected from the flowing Pouce, bromoctioroitveramathane (Halon 121%), bromofucromathane (Halon 1901, ‘carbon oxide and moctancal fam such as aqueous fm forming foam (FFF) NOTE 1 wen ie nop as epoca pe i commanded dnc In the pen bs exten cid oat ad ‘Horeliveiticemetase fant) gure we or NOTE. Faun guy usin tne powtr anspor ha eb ‘wate: wn spas compu power trom ae 2.2.3 Extinguishers for protection of Clas C hazards shall be salaced from the fallowlng ‘Brometravoromethane (Halon 190), bromechoredtuoromethane (Halon 1211), carbondioxe ‘and powder pes. NOTE cate onan eer n code iermed ect! 2.24 Escinguishers and extinguishing agents for the protection of Cass D hazard shat be of types ‘2pproved for use on the specfe combustible mal haarcP 65: 1991 2.25 Class Fire Extinguishers For Pressurized Flammable Liquids And Gas Fre. Fires chs Fate ere considered to be & special hezard. Powder type fro exingushers ar the only type of fingers whien may be eflectively used on this type of hazard the outdoor LPG (quetd Peirleun Gas tanks. Howoverbromoctlorocituoromethane Halon 1211) may aso be used fr sal ‘eos inaving LPG cylinders Selection of estingushers for ths type of hazard shall be made on the tas of recommendations by anuetuar ol his specalzed equpent subject tothe apron the relevant ‘uthory. Special nazale design and rats of agent appeatin are requirad to cope wih such azar 22.6 Cooking Grease Fires, Fes lnclvngliqufed fat or of In depth, such as fs fryers, are Considered tobe «spec taza. Orly powder ype extingulshers cntarng sodum bicarbonate of polasskm blearbonate have. boon proven efloctvo on this hazard dus to agent charactors, Bromochorediuormethane (lon 1211) exinguchers may also be used for male res rwohing tis hazard. 122.7. Three-dimensional Class 8 Fires. At3eoo-imasloral Clas 8 te involves Class 8 matrls ir motion sucha pouring runing of dipping Hammabie gules and genealy includes vertical aswel fs one or more horizontal suaces. Fo of ths nature ar considered tobe a speci hazard. The instalation ofied eystm shou be considered. Porte fre ecingushers sal be doomed insutctet to cu wh thee direnslona Class Be. However, edaquate num’ of powder extinguishers shouldbe provided nthe vent of the atea contaring such hazard to tackie a nce fr. 2.2.8 Water Soluble Flammable Liguid Fires. Foam and AFFF type fe extinguishers sha ct be ‘eed fr the proton of water slute fanaa gd, such as aleahals, acetone, estes, Ketones ‘te. Only special ypes of oa recommended by manuiactuters shal be sed. 229 Electronic Equipment Fes. Extinguishers forthe protoction of dlcae equipment shall be Ssocted from tho following BoE: (a) Bromoctoreduoromethane (Halon 1211); (©) Bromotituromatane (Halon 1301) (Carbon dose Caution: While dse of ther exinguhers and exingushing agerts may successtly Srtingsh a rein ths equipment, ther use may render he oqulpment damaged beyond pa ‘ry powder rest wil protaly not be ae tobe completly and nme removed and Iracdton, mittpurpone powseragort, when exposed to temperatures in excess of 250°F ((21"O) or relate Fumity in excess of 5 percent, may cause crresion. SECTION THREE DISTRIBUTION OF EXTINGUISHERS 34 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ‘3.1.4 The minimum number ole exinguchers requ forth protection of gen ara sabe in accorcance wh Section Three, Adana! rambers may be added to upgrade Ie protection.oP 85: 1991 3.12 Fire extinguishers shall be provided forthe protecton of bulng structures as wall as for hazards pearing to occupancies thrsin, The building evuctre,# combustible, sal be protect by ‘extingushors sulablofor Cass A fres. Protection fr th cecupancy in hat bung shal be prowded ‘by fro oxinguishors suablo for Cas A, 8, C ar D fra patents 3 may be prosak 13.1.3 _ Areas tobe protected shal be casted a ow, madium or high hazard, Islatod sal areas ‘iin these hazards which occupancies difer shal be appropriately protected 3.2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER SIZE AND PLACEMENT FOR CLASS A HAZARDS. 32:1. Extingushos shall bo loestd so that no person noes to travel more than 1S m to reach an ‘ealnguisher 3.2.2 Minimum see offre ecingushers forthe ited grades of aes Afr hazards sal be proved in accordance wth Table 1, subject tothe flowing: (8) Forthe high hazard occupancy the rine rating shal be 214 (0) There sha be at east one etingishe of the misnum size on each storeytevl of bulge. ‘Table 1. Minimum sizes offre extinguishers for Class A hazards Minima ‘Manu foe area tobe covered cecinguisher rating Low nazar Moaium bazar | High hazard ‘ceupancy, ‘occupancy ‘ccupancy 3A 20 Cs : Ba 200 100 : aa aa 160 : 1A 520 250 : aia 240 2 315, EN 1080 50 5, 3a 1360 ea 510 A 120 2 es A 2200 1100 es ecu haan occupancy ta 5 high hear accapangy nn ns veanen 22.3 Combination Of Sizes. In selecting the sizes of extinguishers to most the roqutements of “Table 1, consideration shall be gvon to the cumstances andthe arrangement ofthe bung of Boot space tobe protected, It is undestabe to choose to provide a small number of xtingushors of tho Highest ring or ‘large numberof ecingusher of te very law ring to make up the minimum aggregate required. For ‘ample, t would be unseaabie to meet a 100k rating by proving 2x 8A or 21 XA etinglsers, (he a the folowing combintons would be a beter choke"op ss: 1901 2x 198 extngaishrs, Bx ZIA ortnguishers, 4X 27A ontngushors 227A + 7x 8A extnglshers: oe 1494 + 5% 190 edingushers. ‘nov eingushors wracsn to hs num ecemmenétan mayne tbe prvi. * 324 Tha protction requirements may befufla by the provision of extinguishers of igh ag Provided that the mumum wave distance a In 321 Is no excooded 29° FIRE EXTINGUISHER SIZE AND PLACEMENT FOR CLASS & FIRES (EXCLUDING FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF APPRECIABLE DEPTH) (epee ge rts arma gue are ng ap est a nr) 2.1 _Ecinguisers shal be located 90 thatthe maximum aval distances shal not exceed those pected in Tato 2. For vais grades of hazard std the lowest ating fre extinguishers prove ‘hall bea incted nthe ae ‘Table 2 Travel distance to extinguishers for diferent hazards Type of hazard ‘Basie miriam | Maximum eave seagulsher rang distance to exingushes (i) tow 88 3 33 5 38 2 Medium 08 18 High ve 8 NOTE. tha spect gs co ot ny ie he mee: nes byes an wee, aera ‘Pe opens mai an apenas op en nos 2.22 Combination of extinguishers of ow ratings may be used to il he protection requirements (of Table 2 for igh hazard type rly. Such combinatlon shal bo fied to a medmum of tree ‘xtnguhers of indi rang 21 or higher. ‘24 FIRE EXTINGUISHER SIZE AND PLACEMENT FOR CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LUQUIDS OF APPRECIABLE DEPTH ‘anit énewnls et (reste cath rf arma id ost gap eat aa Selachoy te Cl 3.41. Portable fe extinguishers shall not be insted as the sole protect hazards of apprecable dopth whore the surface area excoads edie 128 Bate Moe eeagee, Nore. ful ep ai ecto ue fxn i uel cap seen sou oe ‘Sessigun ne net ep ue utente bec ne aston eae ‘otras icontarcs pogo meyer expat opree way spe yp amr See Mor te Ur mn or enzl, peal od be epee le han 8 te aye ‘lumeneen extant wou be routes any ry scans ase aa on nagar» 4g Geek] 2cP ss: 1901 3.42 For fammable aud hazards of appreciable depth such as n pot quan tanks, a Class 8 Fee exinguishor shal be provided os flows (348 for sure area not exceeding 05 a (708 or sue aes not exceeding 1m? 343 Travel detances for portabi exingishers shal not exceed 7 m ‘Scattered or widely soparated hazards shat bo indhiduy protecod. An extinguish ia the proximity ofa hazard shal be careful lorstd so ato bo accessiie athe prosence oa fre without Undue danger to the operator. 35 CLASS B FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR PRESSURIZED FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS AND GAS: FIRES “Travel tances for hand porable exingichrs used to protect pressurized fammate ude or gas hazards shal not exceed ? m- Caution: itis undesable to attempt o exiagush this type of re urs thee is reasonable sssurance thatthe sou of uel canbe prompy shit ot 38 COOKING GREASE FIRES ‘An ocingshor which uses one ol the agents spect in 2.26 and has a last a rating of 708 shall be selected fr this ype of azar. [As for bromoctoroditucromathane (Halon 1211) exngushers which are nomélly recomended for domestic ktchons they shoul have a minima rating c 8. Such extinguishers shal be locatad at safe distance away rom th potent henrd area and shall havea travel dltanoe of nt more then 7 37 THREE-DIMENSIONAL CLASS 8 FIRES ‘Tre'ravl stance fr potabetie extinguishers provided fr thrae-cimensional Gass B hazards shall not exeoed 7m, 38 FIRE EXTINGUISHER SIZE AND PLACEMENT FOR CLASS HAZARDS ‘aingulsers with Cass C ratings sal be requir whore energized electrical ecuspment may bbe encountered. Ths wil incu re ether dec inalvng or surrounding ect! equipment Since the fe Rsal Isa Cass A and/or Gass B hazar, this Clase C tre exiguichers shal be 20d and tocated on he sis of he anticipated Cass A and/or Case @ hazards NOTE. ctl enlpment saad be dsm! a sna posbi ope ton.oP 55: 1901 39 FIRE EXTINGUISHER SIZE AND PLACEMENT FOR CLASS D HAZARDS: Extinguishers or exingushng agots with Gass D ratings shall be provided fr fro isting combustible met {ingushng equment shal be located nthe vent of the Class D hazard ‘Sze and determination shall be on the basis of the specle combustible meta, Rs physi panicle 820, area to be covered and fecommandatons on data om contol ests Conducted by the fringuichor manufacturer, subjct othe approval ofthe relevant autor ‘SECTION FOUR INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND RECHARGING 44 GENERAL 41.1 This sections concemad wih the es governing inspection, mantenance and recharging of Catinguahers, ‘These factor are of prime importance in ensang operation at etme of are 41.2. The omer or cccupant ofa property in which engushas are located shal be response or ‘such inspection, malnerance and recharging 4.3 _Inapacton is nomally petoemed by the owner or eccupant, or any designated responsbie personnel 4.144 Maintenance andrecharging shal be performed by trained persons ofan approved ergaisaton ‘horse by ts relevant aushorty and having vatabe the proper typos of fools, recharge materi, Tibieant, and menulecturers recommended raplacerent pas. 42 INSPECTION (6c0 13) 4421 Frequency Ot Inspection. itl racomménde that ecingushe shuld be Inspected monty, ‘rat more hequent Intervals when the following ereumstances eis (©) Hh requncy of resin to past (9) Severs hazards: (©) Sueceptsty otampoing, vandal, or malsous misc (8 Posstty cor xprience wih tot of exter (©) Locations that make extinguishers suscpte to mechani ry, (9 Poesy of vise or phys! abeructons (@ posure to stoma! amperatues or concave atmospheres; (0) Characerstis of exingulsars, such as suscep to leakage “Bun cP ss: 1901 422 Inspection Procedures, Period aspecton of edigushars cat include a check of atleast ‘fe folowing ome: (0) Loca in designated place (©) No bsrution to acoses or vty (©) Operating instructions on he extinguisher at ge and facing outward (8 Seal and ampere not broken or mss (©) Determine utness by weighing or *eting’ (_Braine for cbvous physical darage, corrosion, lskage or dogged nozz (a) Pressure gauge reading o ndcator inthe operative range or poston, 42. Corrective Action. When an Inspection of any extngleer revels a deiclency in any ol tho ‘oneiions listed in) and () of 422, mmdlatecorectve ation eal be taken. 42.3.1 Rechargeable extinguisher. When an Inspection of any rechargeable exingusher reveals a defiioncy in any ofthe conditions fisted In ().() (), and (@) of 422, & shall be subjected 9 pplcabio maintenance procedures 423.2 Non-rechargeable extinguisher. When an Inspection of any non-rafatie cleposable ‘ealnguisher reveals adafcieney in any ofthe condons sedi (2) () () ahd @) 06422, k Sal be acharged and removed from service 424 Record Keeping ‘42:41 Personnel making an inspection shoud keep record or those extinguisher that were found 10 requre coroctve sons, of Inspection and the ins cf the person performing the inspection should be 43° MAINTENANCE (600 13.4) 43.1 Frequency Of Maintenance. Excingushars eal be subjected to mabntenance net more than ‘one year apart or when specially Indicated by an speci. Maitenance procedures shal be period in accordance wih 4.2 ‘Ecinguishrs taken away for maintenance or rechetge shat have in teplacement, extinguishers ofthe came type and atleast equa ating. 432 Maintenance Procedures. Maintenance procedures shal ince a thorough exainaion of the treo base elements ofan extinguisher: (2) Mechanical parts: 6oP 55: 1903 (0) Banging ages: and (2) Means of xputsion icons tise dng aol rane aly xara red ru estar euppes ‘sme indcaargegetor ue doce uur Howe wo esnguner shales eared ‘ounaly in ecorcare wah Bespptcah ht of 3S Data maintenance procedures are dasccbed In Appar B. 43. Record Keeping. Each extngucher sal have tag e lab socurlyatached that nccates ‘month and yeor tha maintenance was performed ar shal ery the person and organisation pedorming the eenie. The same record ta of label shal indicate recharging was also porormed. {42.2.1 In slion tothe roquied tag label 00 43.5), «permanent fl record shoud be kept for ‘each extinguisher This fle record shou Inde the fokowing Infoation as appeal: (©) Themaltonance dat and he name af parson or agency performing the malnenance; (©) The date-when last rachargd ard the name of person oF agency performing the (©) The hybrotatc retest date and tha name of person or agency performing the hydrostate test: (8 The dato ofthe rot rocharge 443.32 Labels indeting inspection, malntonanes, hyarosatl retests, and recharge dates shal not be Paced over the operating instructions of the extinguisher. 44 RECHARGING (es 1.29) 4.4.1 General. Al extinguishers shal be recharged ater se ot as lnested by an inspection oF wen perforning maintenance. When pecorning the recharging, the recommendations of the ‘manufacturers eal be flowed. For charge chemical, see 441. Refer to Appel C or goneral Seely guides for recharging) 42 Frequency Of Recharging. All exinguishers shal be completly emptied and recharged st Intrais as flows: (2) Every myears = ator (stored ross ‘hema oar ‘mocharical foam (gas care) ‘moctarical foam (stored pressure) (eves yoare = water (gas ear) Powder gas cairiége) Powder (sored pressure) (Every 1oyears = carbon dito Frio 190% raion 1211 6oP ss: 1991 442.3 Recharging Procedures. The procedure spied in BS 6649: Patt and as doled bythe ‘manufacturer shou bo flowed, Belorrecaryng, the extinguisher should be emptied ad the extinguishing meclum cscardd. iar and foam exinguihars shoud be thoroughly washed outwith clean water ba on no account ‘sould this procedure be applied to powder, halon or earbon diode exingushers, which have to be ept completaly toe of water Candges more tan 10 years hom dato of manulacture shal be replaced 4.43.1 Recharge chemicals. Only those mata spciod by the manufacturer or the equivalent shal be sod, Tests shuld be concucted to assure equal prfoemance NOTE. Ponte tea ofr alo a Sd be maa enya ‘het tecue he panty coatatn or aban oan he ete, comin 44.3.2 Mixing otagents, Maing or cross contamination of feet types of powder shal be avoid. OTE, Sone yet oc acne onan in ono oon mt reat oni, Ta men ‘rg aaa ce cos bu carton osc sna a pnaue ru mag be anges 1443.3 Replacement pressure gauges chal be compatible wththe ecingusherIntorms of operating Pressure range, empty ful markings, mateal ofthe vate bey ana the type of engushing agent 4.4.3.4 Precautionary pressurization mesures. A rechargeable sored presse type extinguisher hallbe pressurized only othe carping pressure epctied on the exngulsherrameplts. Areguatod ‘Source of pressure, set no higher than 200 KPa above the operating pressure, eal be std (0 Drossutze fre exingushors. NOTE. dn nage cc tres ih a ogee ince wiht faite ops, hl ee ruc tw easter coud tanh ta poy a 443.5 Prossurzing gas. For stored pressure powder and halon ype fre extinguishes, the pressuring ges used can be compressed ar, nivogen, argon or helum and shat have a mate enter f ot more than 60 ppm by vue. 44.3.6 Conversion of extinguisher types. No edingusher shall be converted tom one type to ‘snoter, no sal any exingsher be convored to use a diferent type of ecingushing ager. 4.47 Removal of motature. For all non water types of exinguishars any moisture shal be removed before recharging. This ean be done by purging wit cry gas oe evacuating wih a vacuum pur. Caution: Moisture wtnnon-nater type ecingisher creates both a soleus corrosion hazard to the exingushee body and a probaly inoperative extinguisher. 4.43.8 Recharging wate types. When recharging stored pressufe ecngushers,ovorfing wil result In improper diccharga. The proper amourt of bqud agent shal be determined by ving one of the fotowting (3) Gaact measurement in res, or by weight (©) Use ofan art.ovr tube when provided ot (©) Uso of af mar on extinguisher body, provide,cP 55: 1991 4442.8 cCarbon diosle and halon gas recharging, The rchargng gases used shal comply with the minimum requirements species i Table 3 28, Requirements for recharging gases Gases (Carbon Dioxie| Halon 1218 Halon 1908 Pury in vapour 8% 30% 0% phase (/¥) oltre (pp) 20 100 ~ ‘tay {ppm (mn) : 30 30 (08 (e6m (m 5 : : 443.10. Leak tet. Aer recharging leak tot shal be performed on stored pressure and sl- ‘xpeling types. SECTION FIVE HYDROSTATIC TESTING. 51 GENERAL 5.1.1. ysrostate testing sha be perormed by persons having practical knowledge of pressure testing Procedures and sfepuarse and rang svalaesltabietstng quent and tells. Such persons ‘hal be employed by an orgariaton tate approved by tho relevant author 5.1.2, atany time, an exingushar shows evidence of contosion or mechanical damaga,X shall be hyrosatical tested, subjoct fo the provlons of 5.1.8. 15.1.3 Examination Of Extinguisher Body Condition. When an extinguisher body has one or more ‘Condens ltd in this sub dsion it tl no be Mycrotaeaty sted but shall be destroyed by the ‘owner rat his eto (2) When there exe rpalby soldering, welding, brazing or use of patching compounds: (©) When the extinglser body treads are damaged (© hon ther eset corcslon that has eausod plting such as hidden aras under removable nameplate band assmbls shall be examined: (6) When theres evdence thatthe exinguisher a bean burt (©) Wan a calum chore ype cf eainguishing agent was used In a stale sea! cocinguishercP 55: 1901 82 FREQUENCY ‘Eaingushars shal be hydrostatic testd at itera not exceodingthose spectied in Tabla 4 ‘Table A. Hydrostatic tet interval for exinguishers ainguishee ype Test tonal (tears) ‘Cartidge operated water 8 ‘Stored pressure water 5 Foam 5 AFF (Aquoous Fim Forming Foam) 5 Pouce ype wih sales sos body 5 Carbon dioxide 0 Powder type, stored pressure, with id tel shes or 5 sini boa Ponder type, care or eynder operated, wih md steet s oy BromocHlorodfuorometiane (Halon 1211) 0 Bromatveromsthan (Halon 1301) 10 5.2.1 Hose Assemblies. A hydrostatc test shall be performed on extinguisher hose assembles hich are equipped witha shut nazale atthe end of the hose The tetera shall be the samo 18 specie forthe exingulser on which the hose is instal 53° TESTING PrESsunES 53.1 Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers. Carbon dioxide exingushors shall be tated tothe test Dressore as stamped on the body 5.3.2 Stored Pressure Types. Al stoad pressure and bremoctlordituoromthane (Halon 1212) {paso exinglehors sal be hyosaial tested a the maracturer's tat pressure (c00 1.35). The {esting pressure shal ol exceed the manufactxe’s test pressure. 5.3.3 Soltgonerating And Cartridge Operated Types 15.9.3.1 Set generating foam extinguishers of tarts tet construction anc caridge operate water \ype eingichors of stanoss stot constuction shall be hydrosacaly tested at 24 MPa.cps 52.2.2 Carvge operated powdor eingushers shal be hydosttcay tosted at ther oigial manufacturer's test pressure as shown on ho extinguisher body, 5.24 Test Pressure For Hose Assomblles. Tho hove assembles forall exingushers roqulng @ hhprosati tos shal be testd at the same preseure as that of the body 54 TEST EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES 54 Genera 5.4.14 Alr or gas prassure shal ot bo usd fr pressure testing. The fare ofan extingu ‘may be violent and dangeros. 5.4.1.2 When exinguisher bodes or catidge fal a hydrostatic ta, they shal be destroyed bythe ‘umer or at Hs eeeton dy 1542 Testing Standards. The equipment and procedures for hydrostatic testing of einer with Water capacty of titre and above shal bein accordance with eta: (@) Singapore Sandard CP 12: Part1~ for seamless steel eyinders ()—Botish Standerd 5490 2 ~ for wold ste eyinders oF (6) Belen Standard S490: Part 9 {or seamiessaluninien aly eyinders whichever ls eplesie, For cylinders or caries smaller than 1 Ire watt capacty, thse ae covered ony as far as 1s practicable to appl tho rquroments of tha eanderds to them. 5.43 Testing Methods. A ow tsting methods are described Inthe standards tated in 6.42, The Defered method, which also the only mathod common to a8 standards ithe pro pressure les mmotiod 5.44 Test Equipment And Procedures. The tst equipment and procedure for he proof presuce {est method shal be as deserted In perdi 2”oP 55: 1091 APPENDIX A RATINGS OF COMMONLY USED FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Tye ccapscty ating Bromochiorodtuoremethane 1519 anes. (ston 1213) 254g 5A/138 45ig 24/218 55% 18 [ABC Powder (Mono Armonia Base) tig sa/i38 28K9 aaate ry ais 8k 21A/588 ok 2A/708 BBC Powder (Potassium Blesrbonste) 1g ye 180 Powder (Sodium Bicarborate) 9% 78 Coxrbon Diode 22%9 8 aa “8 Water tee ay Foam (AFFF) ste says Foam (Fluor Protein) ome eAoes NOTE, mesove we sows Ya cman ypa exnguhr wih a oapann cassie ange Terainge ITT mam etnpe wick beeing us bees. However bg ange may be gone pancuat ‘Stinguitercan anes ft aoP 55: 1991 APPENDIX B MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES For converince, the following check sts are organized nto two pats. The at arranged bby mechanical parts (components and containers) common to most extngusher. The socond is ranged by edingushing meteal and expeting means aed inclves a description ofthe protarss poesia ta ach agent. BA CHECKLIST AND CORRECTIVE ACTION - MECHANICAL PARTS Mechanical Parts. Any parts needed fo resacoment shouldbe obtained rm the manscture, Par ams to check Corrective action abet 1. Mage wording 1. Giean or replace 2 Comreson orloose abet | 2. inspect body under ibet {oe omen and eli label Body 1. Hydrosate tat date or | 1, Retest expires (ate of manufacture 2 Corrosion 2. Hydrostatic test and ‘opal or scars 3. Mechanical damage | 9, Hycrostatletst and (Goring or abrasion) ‘epant or dscard 4 Palo conetion 4 Goan and repaint 5. Evidence of previous | 5. Discard or consult ‘eis (esding manufacturer saldereg, bazing, ec) © Damaged theeads 16. Discard o const (comredea, eroes- rmanutacrer ‘treads, or wor) 7. Damaged sealing sutace | 7. Clean, rept, and leak (Picks er corsien) test or discard 8. Broken hanger 8, Diecard oe const attach, carrying smanctacturer handle ugPan toms to check ozs ar Horm Bile, formed, damaged cr eracked ‘locked openings Damaged treads (corded, crosstteaded oF worn), toa blockage place Hose Assembly uncured, racked oF worn hose cracked or comes covslnge Cracked of coroded swivel jot ‘Damagod threads (corded, ‘rossthveaded or worn) Hose cut at cousins ‘togged or deformed hose Repiace Replace Replace Replace Repatror replace ies bockage or rplaco ‘Valve Saaty Device ‘Damages (cored, bent or sod) Missing alr and iste; or replace Replace ‘Gauge or other Pressure inating Devoe ‘Damaged, ammed or ‘ating paler tego or faded cal ‘comoson Deted casing or defaced, broken or cracked cover amend ox corroded pressure inating com (rom gauge tye) ‘Depresurize ae replace gauge Depresutze and replace gauge Depressuze and chock flat, clean and ropa ee replace gauge Deprossurze and chock calito; or epace gauge Depressute anc replace heat assomby, or boy whichever ‘appropstcop ss: 1901 tems to check CConettve acton Body Vave. ‘Carded, dameged o¢ Jamened lover, tance. sping, om, rfastoner jit Damagod out threads (Cones, cros-tveaded, wom) Deprssurze, check freedom of movement, and ropaie 0 toplaee Depressuze and replace Nazaie Shs Vave Corot, damaged, jammed ‘ring lever, spring, stm, ‘ot fastora ort ‘ogged, deformed or ‘comoded nozle Repair and havea; or replace ‘tean or replace Puncture Mechanism Darragod jammed or Binding punctre lover, som or fastone oie ‘tutor damaged euting or punetue pn Damaged threads (conoded, cossitweades, or worn). Replace Replace Repisce (Gas Cantidge Comosion Damaged sel disc ‘Damaged treads (corded, ‘cose theaded, or wor) Mogiie weight markings Replace Replace catidge Replace catldge Replace canridge Heed Cap (Corrected, cracked or broken Damaged treads (corde, ‘roe ueaded of wor) ‘Damaged seating sutace (icked,detormed or corroded) Blocked vent hale or sot Replace Replace ‘lean ope ac leak tos; or replace Clear tiackagecP ss: 1991 Pat toms to eheck Cconsctve action carrying Handle Brokon hand ug Replace shel or vate (Gotegel pat ef she or vate) ‘Broken hale Replace Corded, jammed or ican or roplace ‘worn fastne Pressuriting Vave osking seas Depresure and enlace ‘ale o oe (Gasket “O-Ring and Seals Darraged (ou, cracked ew) Miseg ‘Aged or weathorod (Compression se, tt, eras) place and lubricate Replace and iublste Replace and iubicato Brackets ‘Cored, wom or best pal ard rapaint replace Loose or bing fe Adjust or rplace Worn loose, coraded or | 2, Tighten or rplace rissing ero or alt ‘Gas Tube and Siphon Tube ‘Corded, dented, Replace cracked o broken Blocked tube or clogged | 2 Clear tlockage or replace ‘openings in tube ‘Sato Fait Device ‘Caredad or damaged Depressurae and replace Broken, operated or ogged Depressure ane eace; orropaieTus B.2 CHECKLIST AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS - EXPELLING MEANS AND EXTINGUISHING AGENT Settexpeting Type Agent Pan/Chackponts CCorsctve action ‘Carbon Dioxide Incomrect weight 1. Recharge to corect weight Broken oF mising 2. Conduct estat and tamper nestor \woloh recharge or replace Iretstor Bromotriiuorometiane Puncture evinder seal | 1. Replace extngulsher body (sion 1301) ise Incorrect weight 2. Replace body oe retum to manatee fr fing Brokon of mising 3. Bsamine ovine sesh tamper nator csc. replace Indestor Gas Cartage Type ‘Agont Pari/Obeckpoints CCorectve action Power Incorrect weight or charge lev Contaminated, caked of ‘wrong agent Ccantiige contin (@) Puncture seal ase (0) tnconeet weight (©) Broken or missing tamper eatoe 1. eto coroet weight 2. Empty and ret {@) Replace sot ase and rt catidge in coect weight cc replace (©) Replace sel ase and ret cage to correct woight or replace (6) Examine gal dee and replace nccatorcP 95: 1091 ate Pa/Chackpoits Corrective ation ‘Wiale/Mochanieal Foam Recharging date de Incrtct level ‘Agen contin (Gresanee of procptate ‘orforelgn materi ty oF cowy) G.Empty, dan and recharge 2 Rei to correct ove 3. Empty and rt 4 Broken canridge seal | & ‘Replace sos cise and et se ‘carrie 1 corect wolght for rplace 5. Incorrect caridge weight | 6. Replace seal isc and eft ‘carvidg to corect weight correlate 6 Broken of mising 6. Examine seal dls and tamper tor ‘replace lletor Stored Pressure Type Agent Pany/Chackpolts ‘Cowectve action Powder +. Refilable ype (a) Incoret extinguisher | (a) Ret to comect weight woigt (&) tncoec gauge | (0) Repressurize and conduct pressure Teak test (©) Broken ormissing | (@) Leak testa replace ‘empereeator| Indeator Bromochiorodituromethane | 1. Broken or missing 71 Weigh, conduct lak test (Halon 121) tamper nestor and rplace indicator 2. Incorrect gauge pressure | 2. Weigh rpressuize and conde Tak test. 3 Incorect weight 8. Conduct oak test ad ret ta coroct weighcP ss: 1991 Part/Checkpoins ‘Comecthe action Viste Incorrect evel (oy ght er ebsaration) Incomact gauge pressure Broken or missing tamper nator Ref to corect evel Repressurize and leak test Conduct lak est anc replace ileator chanical Foam Fecharging date doe Incorract evel (oy waiter observation) ‘Agortconstion (Grecence of preciptate ot orelgn meter) Incorrect gauge pressure Broken oe missing tamper nleator ‘Empiy, loan and recharge Empty and recharge with new salon Empty are ro Reprossure ad leak est Conduct teak test and replace inaieator 20oP s5: 1901 [APPENDIX C GENERAL SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR RECHARGING “The gonara salty uidnes for aching extinguishers are as follows, @ ake sure al pressures vere fom axtngushorbofre attempting to remove valve, Warning. De not depend on pressure indicating davces otf extinguishers under ressure a8 tey could matuncton. Use proper recharge materials lathe reliing ofan extingusher. Mixing of sme feingulsing agents could cause a chemical raactonrsuting la dangerous pressure bulesup inthe eaingushe ‘8 seaing components shoud be cleared snd propor lbested to prevent leakage ser recharge, ‘Chock pressure nesting doves to ascertain thats reading propery. Most manufacturers recommend the use of dry trogen as an explant gas for stores Drossure exingushers Do notes charging pressure rogustr esting to more than a0 Ps above operating prasaure as por 44.3.4 so as to prevent gauge camege Waring._ Never connec the extinguisher to be chargod dec to the high pressure Source Conneting dec to te Nigh pressure source could cause the exingushor ‘rupture, fing nur o persons. Never leave an extingulhor connected tthe Togultor oa high pressure soures for an extended period of time. A defective Feouator coud cause the ecingulsher to rupture cus to excess pressure Pressure regulators should be rogulaly checked and seriad In accordance wih manufacture’ test procedures. Use the mandacturers recommended charging adaptor to revert damage 19 valve and is components ‘won recharging carrdge type ealngusher, make sue the capi in place ard Tightonod down. Replace al safety doves pie to nsaing replacement carpe ‘To ensure proper operation, ony those gas canridges recommended by the manufacturer socks be used Cartidge feaures such as pressure rll, puncturing Capable, fl densty and ead compalabity are designed to spectic ction requromeris. Use proper safety seas; as other types such as meter seals may not break atthe precerbod requremntsoP 55: 1991 APPENDIX D FEATURES OF COMMON TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS Shen ne Figure 1. Stored pressure powder extinguisher ectageewe ‘canig tance Sonne Figure 2. Stored pressure mechanical foam extinguishercP ss: 1091 Figure a. Stored pressure halon extinguisher C oat cong tat 1— siren ute oes Figure 4 Stored pressure halon extinguisher with fixed nozzo acP 55: 1091 aie —I J— Srteonce Figure 6. Carbon douse extinguisher 2eA P85: 1991 APPENDIX E HYOROSTAMIC TEST - PROOF PRESSURE TEST METHOD ‘Test EQUIPMENT ‘The schematic diagram ofthe test equipment setup is shown n Figure 7. ‘The flowing requirements shat appy: @ © @ ‘tig pipework, fle tubing waves, tgs ard components forming the pressure Sjtem ef the test equpment shall be capable ofwihtanding @ minimum pressure of ft loss than two times tw hybrosiate Tost pressure ofthe extinguisher bady ‘ncorgoing testing. “The equlpment sal hav no leakage. Thre shal be no ai rapped in he equipment (rextngishr body under testing The maimum apefied tat pressure shall be the ‘manufacturers txt pressure (29 1.5) marked onthe exinguisher body Pressure gauges used shall be manufactured and mainained ln accordance with 18S 170 or any acoepted equivalent. They shal be tested at regular intervals in any ‘ase not less fequenty than once per month ‘The test mei shal be water tered by a hgh pressure water pump. ‘TEST PROCEDURE « ® ° @ « @ ‘atest equlpmant shal be checked to ercurs good condition before commencement ofeach tast Extinguisher body undecgaing tos shal be checked to ensure no residual ges ar the tvoralsstace of the extinguisher shal be compet clean and dy. Cony extngusher bodies having the same hydrostatic tos pressure shall be tested together. ‘To commence testing, the applied hydrostatic pressure shal be gradualy Wereased Unt the norma! fing pressure i reached. This pressure is then maiianad for 20, Second, to conduct a check on the extinguisher body. If no leakage, detect o¢ elermaton ir bseved, the hyrostaic posture shal then be Ineeased to the tanutacturr ee pasture (a marked on tho extinguisher body o label) and she tbe mained a Bs passe fora mira of 2 minutes Under these test condtons, the extngusher body shall not show any sgn ol ekg, (efet or veto delomation Iter is any leakage nthe pressure system, shal be corected and tho extngusher| ogy shal bo rats ‘An extinguisher body is deemed uneitabe for futher seroe it Taks, ruptures, oF ‘hows evdonee of bac dts, coroded areas or oar corltions that cate posse ‘weakness which woud render tha exingushar body une fr sence,oP 55: 1991 ‘pourau 01 exnsseudjooud -sojpoq JaysinBunxe jo Bunser sneEOIPAH “2 anbly‘ i oP 65: 1901 ‘Standards referrod ton this Code 185 1700: 1085 Bs 5420 Bs 0640 98 252: 1980 es oP 12: Speciation for bourdon tbe pressure and coum gauges Spocitcaton for perc ngpaction, tesing and maltarance of ransporabie ‘ss containers excuding dived acetfeno coreaners) Bene: 1977" Welding seal cortaners of water capacty 1 Ire up to {30 res Part’ 1900 Seamless aluinium alloy cortanors Recharging fre extinguishers (manufcturod to BS 5429 "Specifeation for ponabe tre extinguishers) Part: 1989" Spooleston fr procedure and materials Spectiaton for potable fe extinguishers Code of practice fr filing, nepecton, tetng aed maintenance Part 2 195) ‘Seamless mela coriainrs fr gases, excluding dsolved acetone