KEMBAR78
Audio Compression Guide | PDF | Sound Technology | Sound Production
Scribd
Upload
748 views2 pages

Audio Compression Guide

The document provides information on audio compression, including definitions of common compressor controls like threshold, ratio, attack, and release. It includes diagrams showing how compression works by reducing the difference between loud and soft parts of a signal. Guidelines are given for recommended compression ratios for different instruments, such as 2:1 to 8:1 for vocals, 4:1 to 10:1 for drums, and 2:1 to 4:1 for acoustic guitar. The document aims to give a starting point for applying compression to various instruments.

Uploaded by

REYNOLD ABRAHAM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
748 views2 pages

Audio Compression Guide

The document provides information on audio compression, including definitions of common compressor controls like threshold, ratio, attack, and release. It includes diagrams showing how compression works by reducing the difference between loud and soft parts of a signal. Guidelines are given for recommended compression ratios for different instruments, such as 2:1 to 8:1 for vocals, 4:1 to 10:1 for drums, and 2:1 to 4:1 for acoustic guitar. The document aims to give a starting point for applying compression to various instruments.

Uploaded by

REYNOLD ABRAHAM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Compression Chart & Cheat Sheet

Compressor: An audio processing device that reduces the dynamic range of a signal or in other words reduces the
difference between the softest and loudest part of the signal. The main controls are…

Threshold: Where the compressor kicks in and starts to reduce the gain
Ratio: What ratio of Gain Reduction is employed (Example - 2:1 will halve the signal above the Threshold)
Gain: How amped up is the resulting signal after the gain has been reduced
Attack: How quickly the Compression kicks in
Release: How quickly the Compression lets go of the signal

Figure 1: Original Signal


In this diagram, you can see the waveform of the original signal with
large peaks. Clearly much of the signal is only as half as loud as the
peaks. We cannot turn this up because the peaks will go into the red
and we’ll get distortion.

Figure 2: Setting the Threshold


When we lower the Threshold down onto the signal, only the peaks
that stick their heads out above the Threshold will be compressed.
All the other signal that does not meet the threshold will be unaffected.

Figure 3: Setting the Ratio


Once the Threshold has been set, the a compression ratio is set which
is expressed as a ratio. A 2:1 or two to one ratio means that any signal
that exceeds the threshold will be reduced by half. For example 6 dB
above the threshold will be reduced down to 3dB or a half of that level.
In this example we have a 4:1 ratio. See how the peaks have been
drastically reduced allowing us to amp up this ”compressed” signal.

Figure 4: Using the Makeup Gain


Once the signal’s dynamic range has been squashed, we can then “amp”
up the resulting signal with the make up gain.

Note how much more “dense” the signal is versus the original signal in
Figure 1. If this were a vocal, the breathiness in the lower level parts
could compete with the louder passages.
Compression Guidlines:

Because each instrument and track is different in terms of the playing style and recording levels, it’s impossible to create
a perfectly accurate listing of Compression settings. This table should give you a good starting point.

I almost hesitate to place “recipes” on this sheet but so many people have tried to pin me down so here goes ;)

Instrument Ratio Notes

Vocal 2:1 to 8:1 Lower threshold until peaks show up. Medium attack and release.

Soft Vocal 2:1 to 4:1 To gain “breathiness”, lower threshold more than usual.

Rock Vocal 4:1 to 8:1 Higher ratio and speed up the attack to “crush”.

Kick 4:1 to 10:1 Lower threshold to bring more of the “body” of kick up.

Snare 4:1 to 10:1 “Crush” snare hits to help raise side-stick up in the mix.

Toms 4:1 to 10:1 Start with instant attack, then slow down to catch initial transients.

Bass Guitar 2.1 to 8:1 To gain “string noise” lower threshold more than usual.

Bass Guitar (Slapped) 4:1 to 10:1 Higher ratio and faster attack times tame a slap bass.

Acoustic Guitar 2:1 to 4:1 Requires a more gentle compression, lower the threshold for fingerpicking

Electric Guitar 4:1 to 10:1 Speed up the attack for Satriani style compression

Electric Guitar (Distorted) No Need ;) Already Compressed. All the distortion has reduced you to a square wave.

Piano 4:1 to 8:1 Slow down the attack to get the piano to bite through the mix

You might also like