Chapter 4: Measurement ———$ 089900, | Time Measure © L101 Outcomes At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: © Convert one time measure into another; © Compute for the exact amount of time between two given times; and * Solve word problems involving time measurement. . ve “YF Did You Know? It would take someone typing 60 words per minute, eight hours a day, around 50 years to type the human genome. E HUMAN GENOME dy: 82, Let!s Discuss Time measurement is very important for us to learn because we are using it almost the whole day everyday. In Did You Know?, the words minutes, hours, days and years are all measures of time. How long is each of these? Study the table and the examples that follow. 84 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScannerTmi min (minute) =|60s5 (seconds) 1h (hour) = 10 min 1 day = pos 24 week =| 7daysiecGammag Ve Month = = [30 days (April, June, September, November) 31 days (January, March, May, July, August, October, December) 28 days (February on Regular year) ; 29 days (February on leap Year) y (year) = | 365 days (366 on a leap year) 1 decade =| 10 y. 1 century =| 100 y In converting from one unit to another, the rule is: from bigger to smaller unit + multiply from smaller to: bigger unit — divide Example 1: How many minutes are in 3 hours? Solution: Since 1 h = 60 min, then multiply 60 x 3 = 180. So, 3 h is equal to 180 min. Example 2: How many hours are in one half day? Solution: Thee are 24h in 1 day. For day, multiply = x 24 or divide 24 by 2 to get 1 Example 3: How many seconds are in4 2 minutes? cf . 2 onl Solution: There are 60 sin a minute, so in 4 z min: (4 x 60) + ( 2 x 60) = 240 + 40 = 280 min. Roger started doing his project at 5:40 p.m. and finished it at 7:45 p.m. How long did he do his project? find the time spent for the project, use the formula below: Time Finished. — Time Started hour minute Time Finished 2 7 45 7 Time Started 5 40 Time Spent 2 5 t doing the project is 2 h 5 min. Example 4: Solution: To Amount of Time Spent = The amount of time spen Chapter 4: Measurement, Lesson 1: Time Measure 85 Scanned with CamScannerwoe eee ee 5: Genebibe went driving. She left at 10:30 a.m. and arrived at 315 Example How long did she drive? Pam, Solution: Subtract 10:30 from 3:15. hour minute Time Arrived _ 3 15 Time Left 10 30 | Time Travelled Observe that the number of minutes in the minuend is smaller than that the subtrahend. In this case, rename the 3 hours as 2 hours and 60 minutes and regroup the 60 minutes with 15 minutes to make 75 minutes. Then proceeg to subtraction. hour minute Time Arrived — 2 75 Time Left 10 30 Time: Travelled 45 Since the number of hours in the minuend is smaller than that in the subtrahend, we can always add 12 hours due to the fact that time is modulo 12, It means that the number of hours in the minuend will become 14. We can now subtract. hour minute Time Arrived _ 14 75 Time Left 10 30 Time Travelled 4 45 Tt means that.Genebibe drove for 4 h 45 minutes. FE Lt: Do These Compute the following: How old are you in terms of: a, months, b. weeks, and c. days? 86 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScanner(4 Let's Recatt lmin=60s 1h = 60 min lday = 24h 1 week = 7 days 1 month = 28 to 31 days 1 year = 365 or 366 days 1 decade = 10 years 1 century = 100 years Qs tot’ Practice A. Complete the table. 1. imin= . 2 min = s 5 min= s at min = 2 = s s days days, 19 weeks = days 2 week = days a weeks = ____ days Chapter 4: Measurement, Lesson 1; Time Measure 3. 1 day = ——h 2 days = _—h 6 days = ——h + day = A 44 day = h 6 4.1h= s 37 days = ___ weeks 300 minutes = hours 50 years = century 8 years = decade 87 Scanned with CamScannerB. Solve the following problems. 1. A pet dog is now 1 year and 4 months old. How many months old is it now, 2. Alvin was able to run a race in 147 minutes. How many hours and minute, did he run the race? 3. One morning, the girl scouts started hiking at 5:50. They arrived at the 2 camp site at 8:20. How long did they hike? 4. Ina certain year, there were exactly four Fridays and exactly four Mondays in December. On what day of the week did the.25" of December fall that year? Lets Create Answer the following questions as creatively as possible. 1. What if there is no concept of time? 2. What if time was not categorized into years, months, hours, minutes and seconds? 88 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades * Scanned with CamScannery chapter 4: Measurement —_———<$———§ 009660, 2 Length, Mass, and >—______— Volume ______—o © Lesson Outosmes At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to: to . © Convert units of measure of length, mass, and volume from smaller larger and vice versa; and * Solve word problems involving units of measure of length, mass and volume. YF Did You Know? Popularly’ known as Cagayan River, the Rio Grande de Cagayan in Cagayan Valley in the northeastern part of Luzon is the longest and largest river in the archipelago. It is 505 kilometres long and traverses through the provinces of Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya and Quirino, e@ IZ, Lets Discuss The length of Cagayan River is 505 km. Kilometer (km) is a unit of length or distance; hence, it may also be expressed ‘in other units such as meter (m), decimetre (dm), and so on. For mass, the units used in the metric system are kilogram (kg), gram (9), centigram (cg), and so on. On the other ‘and, the units used for volume are litre (L), Millilitre (mL), and so on. Teacher's Notes Use a meterstick to show how long one centimetre and one meter are. An actual example of two Places which are around a kilometre apart will also be given, For mass, a weighing scale and objects weighing 1 kg and 1 gram will be used. To show 1 L and 1 mL, some icts with labels showing these me may be presented to the class. Produ volui Scanned with CamScanner——V"__——CS~S SS For this lesson, we will only learn the units presented on the table bey, Study the table and the examples that follow. tkm= [| 1000cm [| To review, when converting from one unit to another, the rules are; from bigger to smaller unit — multiply from smaller to bigger unit — divide Example 1: How many meters are in 4 kilometres? Solution: 1 km = 1.000 m; So, 4km = 4 x 1.000 = 4.000 m Example 2: How many centimetres are in + meter? Solution: Since 1m = 100 cm, then + m= + x 100 = 50 cm. Example 3: How many grams are in3 + kg? Solution: 1 kg = 1 000; 3+ks = 3 x 1000 =3 250g Example 4: How many litres are in 2 500 millilitres? Solution: 1 L = 1 000 mL; 2 500 + 1000 = 2 + L Example 5: Virgie filled three containers with different amounts of water using different units. In container A, she placed 1 250 mL; in container B, she poured 1 4 (F while in container C, she poured 1 L 400 ml. Arrange the containers from the most to the least amount of water they contain. Solution: To compare the three amounts of water, convert them into similar units. © Container A: 1 250 mL Container B: 1 + Lor 1500 mL Container C: 1. L 400 mL or 1 400 mL Therefore, the order of the containers from the Most to the least amount of water-content is: Container B, Container C and Container A. 90 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScannerfact Let's Do These Teacher’s Notes First make an estimat ad Cea objects, Then dee mass "| Three stations will be set UP measurement for you to compare 0 the actual | in the classroom. with the actual one. Be sure t your estimate | tation 1 is for unit of length appropriate unit to use, Fo ‘0 consider the ion 1 is for v A objects, the unit to » For Instance, for shorter Station 2 for unit of mass, an or meter while for lon may be centimetre | Station 3 for unit of volume. appropriate unit is Kil long distances the more Materials and tools will llometre, be provided in each station. Students may even be taken outside the classroom to estimate and/or measure the length of poles or bullding or playground. Station 1: Measure of Length Materials: pencils, meter stick, and tape measure Station 2: Measure of Mass Materials: weighing scale, pebbles, books, and pencils Station 3: Measure of Volume Materials: containers of mineral water, soft drinks, and shampoo q \ , oS Let's Recall ¢ Some units of meas mass are gram and kilogram, 100 cm = 1m; 1 000m =1km * 1000g=1k9 1000 mk = 1L ure for length are centimetre, meter, and kilometre; for A % while those of volume are millilitre and litre. Chapter 4: Measurement, Lesson 2: Length, Mass, and Vol : Mass, and Volume 94 Scanned with CamScannerJ . Q peels Practice A. Give the equivalent measure. Measure of Length Measure of Mass Measure of Volume 1, 2m= cm 63kg= gs 1.5 L= —_m 2, 3km=___m 7. kg=___g WHL=_ 3. 300km=___km 8.52. kg=___g BFL=__ my 4.3 km=___m —9,20009= __kg 14.2000mL=__ 5. Jkm=___secm 10.4 500g =____kg 15.800mL=___ B. Solving the following. 1. It takes 1 + L of milk to make 1 pound of cheese. How many litres are needed to make 20 pounds of cheese? How many millilitres is that? 2. A bag of peanuts weigh 2 kg. The peanuts were to be placed in smaller packs each weighing 250 g. How many packs will there be in all? 3. Annaliza won the 5 000 m run during the university sportsfest. How many kilometres did she run? 4. How many 250 mL of oil are needed to fill a bottle with a capacity of 5 L? 5. Randy was able to sell five bottles of 350 mL perfume and three bottles of 750 mL perfume. How many litres of perfume did he sell in all? , Yy Let's Create From the given facts below, pose as many problems as you can. Given Facts: A bottle of 500 mL alcohol costs P95 A bottle of 1 L alcohol costs P180 Example: How much will one save if he buys one bottle of 1L alcohol than two bottles of 500mL alcohol? 92. Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades Scanned with CamScanner