GOVT.

MUNICIPAL POSTGRADUATE
COLLEGE, FAISALABAD.
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Student Name Arosha Arif BS Mathematics

College Roll No 308 Uni. Roll No 890108
Assignment # 2 Semester 3 Morning Evening
Assignment Title Software, Its Types and Application Software
Course Code CSI-321 Due Date
Course Title Introduction to Computing Applications Submission Date
Submitted To Sir. Rana Usman

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Software and its types

A software or computer software essentially a type of programs which enable the users to
perform some particular specific task or actually used to operate their computer. It essentially
directs all of the peripheral devices on the entire computer system- what exactly to do and how
exactly to perform a task. A software plays a key role of a mediator between the user and the
computer hardware. In the absence of software, a user essentially can’t perform any task on a
computer. A software product development company is the one which develops software for
the users.

Detailed List of Types of Software

Generally, there are two main classifications of software, which are namely, System Software
along with the Application Software. Let’s discuss them.

1. System Software
In case of a system software, it helps the user as well as the hardware to function and even
interact with each other easily. Essentially, it is a software which is used to manage the behavior
of the computer hardware in order to offer basic functionalities which are needed by the user.
In simpler word, it can be said that system software is essentially an intermediate or even a
middle layer between the user as well as the hardware.

These software sanction an environment or platform for the other software to easily work in.
Hence, it is the reason why the system software is quite important in the management of the
entire computer system. Whenever you turn on the computer first, it is this system software
which gets initialized and then gets loaded in the system’s memory. A system software
essentially runs in the background, and it isn’t actually utilized by the end-users. Due to this
reason, the system software is also known popularly as “low-level software”. Companies
usually hire the best software development company to build a system software.

Few of the common system software examples are:

a. Operating System

Being a prominent example for system software, it is essentially a collection of software which
handles resources as well as offers general services for various other application which actually
run over them. There are different types of operating systems like embedded, real-time,
distributed, single-user, multi-user, mobile, internet and much more. Full stack web
development services develop apps to operate on a mobile operating system like Android and
IOS. Some of the key examples of operating systems are as follows:
  MS Windows
 MacOS
 Linux
 IOS
 Android
 CentOS
 Ubuntu
 UNIX

b. Device Drivers

This type of software controls particular hardware which is essentially attached to the system.
Different hardware devices which require a driver to connect to a system easily consist of
displays, printers, sound cards, hard disks, keyboard, and mice. Few of the examples of such
drivers are:

 BIOS Driver
 Motherboard Drivers
 Display Drivers
 ROM Drivers
 Printer Drivers
 USB Drivers
 Sound Card Driver
 VGA Drivers

c. Firmware

It is actually a permanent software which is embedded in the system’s read-only memory. It is

essentially a set of instructions which are permanently stored onto to the hardware device. It
offers vital information regarding how a particular device interacts with different other
hardware. Some of the examples of firmware are:

 Computer Peripherals
 Embedded Systems
 UEFI
 BIOS

d. Utility

These software are designed to assist in analyzing, as well as optimizing, along with
configuring and maintaining a given computer system. It provides support to the computer
infrastructure. Software like disk cleanup and management tools, anti-viruses, defragmenters,
compression tools etc. are all utility software. Some of its examples are:

 Norton Antivirus
 McAfee Antivirus
 WinRAR
 WinZip
  Piriform CCleaner
 Windows File Explorer
 Directory Opus
 Razer Cortex

Application Software
They are also popularly known as end-user programs or even productivity programs which
assist the user in completing various tasks like conducting online research, making notes,
designing graphics, maintaining accounts, carrying out calculations or even playing computer
games. They essentially lie above the system software. They are actually used by the end-user
as well as have specific functionality or tasks which they are designed to perform. These
software are often developed through custom software development, based on the requirements
of the users. There is a variety of application software. Some of them are:

a. Word Processors

Such applications are meant for documentation. It also assists in storing as well as formatting
and even printing of the documents. Key examples of such software are:

 MS Word
 Apple iWork-Pages
 Corel WordPerfect
 Google Docs

b. Database Software

It is used to create as well as manage a database and also known as Database Management
System or in short, DBMS. Such software assists in the data organization. Some of the
examples of DBMS are:

 MS Access
 FileMaker
 dBase
 Clipper
 MySQL
 FoxPro

Their classification is as below:

1. Freeware

These software are available free of cost. A user can easily download them from the internet
and can easily use them without paying any charges or fees. However, they don’t provide any
type of liberty to modify the entire software or charging a fixed fee for its distribution. A best
software development company can develop its own freeware to reach out to more customers.
Some of the examples of these software are:

 Adobe Reader
 Skype
 ImgBurn
 Audacity
 Team Viewer
 Yahoo Messenger

2. Shareware

This software is distributed freely to users on a fixed trial basis. It generally comes with a set
time limit, and on the expiration of the time limit, the user is finally asked to pay a fixed fee
for the continued services. There are different types of shareware such as Freemium, Donation
ware, Adware, Demo ware etc. Few of the examples of shareware are:

 Adobe Acrobat
 PHP Debugger
 WinZip
 Getright

3. Open-source

Such types of software are usually available to users along with their source code which means
that the user can easily modify and distribute the software as well as add additional features to
them. They can either be chargeable or free. Few of the examples of such software are:

 Mozilla Firefox
 Thunderbird
 GNU Compiler Collection
 Moodle
 Apache Web Server

1:-Word processing software

Word processing software is used to manipulate a text document, such as a resume or a report.
You typically enter text by typing, and the software provides tools for copying, deleting and
various types of formatting. Some of the functions of word processing software include:

 Creating, editing, saving and printing documents

 Copying, pasting, moving and deleting text within a document
 Formatting text, such as font type, bolding, underlining or italicizing
 Creating and editing tables
 Inserting elements from other software, such as illustrations or photographs
 Correcting spelling and grammar
2:-Spreadsheet

Spreadsheet software is a software application capable of organizing, storing and analyzing

data in tabular form. The application can provide digital simulation of paper accounting
worksheets. They can also have multiple interacting sheets with data represented in text,
numeric or in graphic form. With these capabilities, spreadsheet software has replaced many
paper-based systems, especially in the business world. Originally developed as an aid for
accounting and bookkeeping tasks, spreadsheets are now widely used in other contexts where
tabular lists can be used, modified and collaborated.

3:-Database software

Database software is designed to create databases and to store, manage, change, search, and
extract the information contained within them. A comprehensive database software program is
sometimes called a database management system.
Database software functions include:

 Data storage
 Data backup and recovery
 Data presentation and reporting
 Multi-user access control
 Data security management
 Database communication

4:-PDA Business software

Personal digital assistant is a term for a small, mobile, handheld device that provides computing
and information storage and retrieval capabilities for personal or business use, often for keeping
schedules, calendars and address book information handy.

5:-Accounting software

Accounting software describes a type of application software that records and processes
accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts
receivable, journal, general ledger, payroll, and trial balance. It functions as an accounting
information system. It may be developed in-house by the organization using it, may be
purchased from a third party, or may be a combination of a third-party application software
package with local modifications. Accounting software may be on-line based, accessed
anywhere at any time with any device which is Internet enabled, or may be desktop based. It
varies greatly in its complexity and cost.