CHAPTER 7
THE WEB AND THE INTERNET
Learning Outcomes:
1. Students are able to identify words related to the web and internet.
2. Students are able to scan and skim information from pictures and texts.
3. Students are able to use warnings in technical works.
Content
Pre-Reading Activity
Study this URL (Uniform Resource Location).
http: www. hw.ac.uk./libWWW/irn/irn.html
protocol prefix web service domain domain name extension country code directory path document name
Which part of the address tells you:
1. the university is in UK?
2. this is the webpage?
3. the type of transmission standard your browser must use to access the data?
4. this points to the computer where the webpage is stored?
5. this is where the webpage is stored in the computer?
6. this is a university?
7. this uses the Web service?
Study these approved domain name extensions and their meanings. Then match these suggestions
for new extensions to their meanings.
Extension Meaning
.aero Aviation industry
.biz Business
.com (.co in UK) Commercial
.edu (.ac in UK) Cooperatives
.gov Educational and research
.info Government
.int General use
.mil International organization
.museum Military agency
.name Museums
.net Individuals
.org Gateway or host
.pro Non-profit organization
professionals
Suggested extension Meaning
1. .firm a. informative
2. .store b. cultural or entertainment
3. .web c. personal
4. .arts d. firm or agency
5. .rec e. outline retail shop
6. .info f. Web-related
7. nom g. recreational
Vocabulary Zone
A. Match each of the internet services in Column A with the uses in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. IRC a. Logging on to your computer at a distance
2. MOOs b. Sending and receiving messages
3. Email c. Downloading a file from a server
4. FTP d. Chatting to other users in real-time
5. WWW e. Accessing newsgroup
6. Telnet f. Browsing web pages
7. Usenet g. Taking part in simulations in a shared environment
B. Here are some vocabulary items from the reading selection. Find them in the text and circle
the vocabulary that you are not familiar with.
Convenient (Adj.) Malfunction (Adj.)
Ensure (V) Packet (N)
Forward (Adj.) Path (N)
Header (N) Router (N)
Intact (Adj.) Subscriber (N)
Reading Zone
Internet Access
1 The term Internet Access refers to the communication between a residence or
business and an ISP that connects to the Internet. Access falls into broad categories:
dedicated and dial-up. With dedicated access, a subscriber’s computer remains
directly connected to the internet at all times through a permanent, physical
connection. Dial-up is the least expensive access technology, but it is also the least
convenient. To use dial-up access, a subscriber must have a telephone modem, a
device connecting a computer to the telephone system and is capable of converting
data into sounds and sounds back to data.
All information is transmitted across the Internet in small units of data called
packets. A series of rules known as computer communication protocols specify how
packet headers are formed and how packets are processed. The set of protocols used
for the Internet is named TCP/IP after the two most important protocols in the set:
the Transmission Control Protocol and the Internet Protocol.
10 Hardware devices connecting networks in the Internet are called IP routers
because they follow the IP protocol when forwarding packets. A router examines
the header in each packet arriving to determine the packet’s destination. The router
either delivers the packet to the destination computer across a local network or
forwards the packet to another router that is closer to the final destination. Thus, a
packet travels from router to router as it passes through the Internet.
TCP/IP protocols enable the Internet to automatically detect and correct
transmission problems. For example, if any network or device malfunctions,
protocols detect the failure and automatically find an alternative path for packets to
avoid the malfunction. Protocol software also ensures that data arrives complete and
intact.
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Part 1. Check your Comprehension. Answer the following questions based on the text above.
1. What are types of Internet access?
2. What do users must have to get dial-up Internet access?
3. How does the information get transmitted through the Internet?
4. What is TCP/IP?
5. What are the job specifications for the router?
6. What is the function of TCP/IP protocol?
Part 2. Guessing Meaning from Context. Try to match the words with the definition in the box. Read
the text again to help you.
1. Convenient (Adj.) a) Whole and undamaged
2. Ensure (V) b) Pleasant
3. Forward (Adj.) c) One who arranges routes
4. Header (N) d) To make sure that something will
happen or be available
5. Intact (Adj.) e) Heading for pages
6. Malfunction (adj.) f) Name in the mailing list
7. Packet (N) g) Ahead
8. Path (N) h) A track or route
9. Router (N) i) Fail to work normally
10. Subscriber (N) j) Data unit in computer network
