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Sudoku Solver

The document contains C++ code to solve a Sudoku puzzle using backtracking. It defines functions to check if a number can be placed in a given cell based on row, column and sub-grid constraints. The solveSudoku function recursively tries all possible numbers in empty cells, and uses backtracking to solve the puzzle or return false if no solution exists. It is tested on a sample partially filled 9x9 Sudoku board.

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67 views2 pages

Sudoku Solver

The document contains C++ code to solve a Sudoku puzzle using backtracking. It defines functions to check if a number can be placed in a given cell based on row, column and sub-grid constraints. The solveSudoku function recursively tries all possible numbers in empty cells, and uses backtracking to solve the puzzle or return false if no solution exists. It is tested on a sample partially filled 9x9 Sudoku board.

Uploaded by

GigaChad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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#include<bits/stdc++.

h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<long long int> vlli;
#define pb push_back
#define endl '\n'
#define FastIO ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);

bool canPlace(vector<vector<int>> &mat, ll i, ll j, ll n, ll number) {

// Row and column check


for (int x = 0; x < n; x++) {
if (mat[x][j] == number || mat[i][x] == number) {
return false;
}
}

ll rn = sqrt(n);
ll sx = (i / rn) * rn;
ll sy = (j / rn) * rn;

// checking in the sub-grid


for (int x = sx; x < sx + rn; x++) {
for (int y = sy; y < sy + rn; y++) {
if (mat[x][y] == number) {
return false;
}
}
}

return true;
}

bool solveSudoku(vector<vector<int>> &mat, ll i, ll j, ll n) {

// Base case
if (i == n) {
/* since we're solving row wise, if we reach the n th column
it would mean that all n-1 rows, i.e. the entire sudoku has been
solved*/

// Print the sudoku


for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
cout << mat[i][j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
return true;
}

// Case: Row end


// if a row ends then we need to move to the starting of the next row
if (j == n) {
return solveSudoku(mat, i + 1, 0, n);
}
// Skip the pre-filled cells
if (mat[i][j] != 0) {
return solveSudoku(mat, i, j + 1, n);
}

// Recursive case
// Fill te empty cell with all possible options
for (int number = 1; number <= 9; number++) {
if (canPlace(mat, i, j, n, number)) {
// Assume
mat[i][j] = number;

bool couldWeSolve = solveSudoku(mat, i, j, n);


if (couldWeSolve == true) {
return true;
}
}
}

// Backtrack
mat[i][j] = 0;
return false;
}

int main() {
FastIO
// freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
// freopen("output.txt","w",stdout);

// Your code goes here


vector<vector<int>> mat(9, vector<int> (9, 0));
mat = {
{5, 3, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0},
{6, 0, 0, 1, 9, 5, 0, 0, 0},
{0, 9, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0},
{8, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 3},
{4, 0, 0, 8, 0, 3, 0, 0, 1},
{7, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 6},
{0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 8, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 4, 1, 9, 0, 0, 5},
{0, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0, 0, 7, 9},
};
// solveSudoku(matrix_name, i'th row, j'th column, matrix size);
solveSudoku(mat, 0, 0, 9);

return 0;
}

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