LESSON 1: Configuring the BIOS
Site: TESDA Online Program Printed by: Charis Vasquez
Course: Installing and Configuring Computer Systems Date: Thursday, 12 January 2023, 10:15 AM
Book: LESSON 1: Configuring the BIOS
Table of contents
Introduction
TOPIC 1: Understanding the BIOS
TOPIC 2: Configuring the BIOS
TOPIC 3: Creating a Bootable Device
H5P: Find the words!
Bootable Devices
H5P: Creating Bootable USB Device
H5P: Fill in the blanks!
Introduction
The BIOS (pronounced as "bay-os") or the basic input/output system of the computer, is responsible in making sure
that all the other chips, hard drives, ports, and the CPU function together.
The BIOS basically sets up your computer -- it loads your drivers and boots the operating system.
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TOPIC 1: Understanding the BIOS
The BIOS is a software usually built onto the motherboard that shows the major hardware components of your
computer with the operating system.
It is usually stored on a Flash memory chip on the motherboard, but sometimes the chip is another type of ROM.
When you turn on your computer, the BIOS does several things. The sequence is as follows:
1. Check the CMOS Setup for custom settings
2. Load the interrupt handlers and device drivers
3. Initialize registers and power management
4. Perform the power-on self-test (POST)
5. Display system settings
6. Determine which devices are bootable
7. Initiate the bootstrap sequence
TOPIC 2: Configuring the BIOS
By default, the first boot of the newly installed computr is on the hard disk--may it be on a laptop or a desktop computer.
When installing an operating system, the BIOS should be configured to set the system to boot on the operating system to
be installed. It should boot first on the USB installer.
Running the BIOS
Upon turning the computer on, press the keys that would run Setup. On most computers, it would be keys: ESC, DEL,
F1, F2, F12, Ctrl-Esc, or Ctrl-Alt-Esc to enter setup. There is usually a line of text at the bottom of the display that tells
you "Press ___ to Enter Setup."
BIOS setup would depend on the motherboard manufacturer. However, these are the common, standard options you
may see in the BIOS setup:
1. If
you would like to boot from a certain device, say a USB Flash Drive to install an Operating System (which we will
demonstrate later), click advanced set-up and look for the first, second, and third boot device.
2. Select first boot device. By default, it would be the hard drive on the installed computer.
3. Make sure to choose "Save Changes" when you are changing settings in the BIOS. Afterwards, this will restart the
computer so the new settings take effect.
System Time/Date - Set the system time and date
Boot Sequence - The order that BIOS will try to load the operating system
Plug and Play - A standard for auto-detecting connected devices; should be set to "Yes" if your computer and
operating system both support it
Mouse/Keyboard - "Enable Num Lock," "Enable the Keyboard," "Auto-Detect Mouse"...
Drive Configuration - Configure hard drives, CD-ROM and floppy drives
Memory - Direct the BIOS to shadow to a specific memory address
Security - Set a password for accessing the computer
Power Management - Select whether to use power management, as well as set the amount of time for standby and
suspend
Exit - Save your changes, discard your changes or restore default settings
TOPIC 3: Creating a Bootable Device
WHY IS BOOTING REQUIRED?
Hardware doesn’t know where the operating system resides and how to load it.
Need a special program to do this job – Bootstrap loader.
(e.g. BIOS – Boot Input Output System)
Bootstrap loader locates the kernel, loads it into main memory and starts its execution.
In some systems, a simple bootstrap loader fetches a more complex boot program from disk, which in turn loads
the kernel.
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H5P: Find the words!
Find the words from the grid
Find the words
booting bootsequence
bootdevice harddrive windows
microsoft
Time Spent : 0:00 0 of 6 found
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Bootable Devices
1. Booting is a startup sequence that launches the operating system of a computer when it is turned on.
2. A boot sequence is
the initial set of operations that the computer performs when it is switched on. Every
computer has a boot sequence.
3. A boot device is any device or drive that has the required boot files that allows the computer to start.
In this case, if we are building a PC from scratch, usually there is still no operating system. With this, an operating system
can be booted or installed from a boot device.
A boot drive commonly used is the hard drive. Usually, an operating system like Microsoft Windows is installed in a
hard drive to load Windows.
H5P: Creating Bootable USB Device
Using a third party application (Rufus), scroll the demonstration slides below to see the step-by-step process on
creating a bootable USB device.
H5P: Fill in the blanks!
Fill in the missing words
The BIOS (pronounced as "bay-os") or the input/output of the computer, is responsible in making sure that all t
other chips, hard drives, ports, and the CPU function together.
Check
