# Module 1 - Create a Blockchain
# To be installed:
# Flask==0.12.2: pip install Flask==0.12.2
# Postman HTTP Client: https://www.getpostman.com/
# Importing the libraries
import datetime
import hashlib
import json
from flask import Flask, jsonify
# Part 1 - Building a Blockchain
class Blockchain:
def __init__(self):
self.chain = []
self.create_block(proof = 1, previous_hash = '0')
def create_block(self, proof, previous_hash):
block = {'index': len(self.chain) + 1,
'timestamp': str(datetime.datetime.now()),
'proof': proof,
'previous_hash': previous_hash}
self.chain.append(block)
return block
def get_previous_block(self):
return self.chain[-1]
def proof_of_work(self, previous_proof):
new_proof = 1 # to increment each 1 after
check_proof = False
while check_proof is False:
hash_operation = hashlib.sha256(str(new_proof**2 - previous_proof**2).encode()).hexdigest()
if hash_operation[:4] == '0000': # to mine the problem easily
"""
of the problem, meaning we are gonna check
if the first four characters
of this hash operation are four zeros
that's the four leading zeros I've been talking about.
And if these first four characters
of four zeros, well, we win."""
check_proof = True
else:
new_proof += 1
return new_proof
def hash(self, block):
encoded_block = json.dumps(block, sort_keys = True).encode()
return hashlib.sha256(encoded_block).hexdigest()
def is_chain_valid(self, chain):
"""First, we're gonna check that the previous hash
of each block is equal to the hash of its previous block.
And the second thing we'll check
is that the proof of each block is valid according
to our proof of work problem that we defined
in this proof of work function."""
previous_block = chain[0] #first time , the block number will be 0
block_index = 1 #looping Variable,each block has index
while block_index < len(chain): # will stop if the conditon blockindex is less than length of chain , we
will not stop till we reach last block
block = chain[block_index]
if block['previous_hash'] != self.hash(previous_block):
return False
previous_proof = previous_block['proof']
proof = block['proof']
hash_operation = hashlib.sha256(str(proof**2 - previous_proof**2).encode()).hexdigest()
if hash_operation[:4] != '0000':
return False
previous_block = block
block_index += 1
return True
# Part 2 - Mining our Blockchain
# Creating a Web App
app = Flask(__name__)
# Creating a Blockchain
blockchain = Blockchain()
# Mining a new block
@app.route('/mine_block', methods = ['GET'])
def mine_block():
previous_block = blockchain.get_previous_block()
previous_proof = previous_block['proof']
proof = blockchain.proof_of_work(previous_proof)
previous_hash = blockchain.hash(previous_block)
block = blockchain.create_block(proof, previous_hash)
response = {'message': 'Congratulations, you just mined a block!',
'index': block['index'],
'timestamp': block['timestamp'],
'proof': block['proof'],
'previous_hash': block['previous_hash']}
return jsonify(response), 200
# Getting the full Blockchain
@app.route('/get_chain', methods = ['GET'])
def get_chain():
response = {'chain': blockchain.chain,
'length': len(blockchain.chain)}
return jsonify(response), 200
# Checking if the Blockchain is valid
@app.route('/is_valid', methods = ['GET'])
def is_valid():
is_valid = blockchain.is_chain_valid(blockchain.chain)
if is_valid:
response = {'message': 'All good. The Blockchain is valid.'}
else:
response = {'message': 'Houston, we have a problem. The Blockchain is not valid.'}
return jsonify(response), 200
# Running the app
app.run(host = '0.0.0.0', port = 5000)
