REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
REGION XI
DIVISION OF DAVAO DE ORO
NABUNTURAN, DAVAO DE ORO
MAPARAT NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
“THE ILLUSTRIOUS SCHOOL IN THE VALLEY”
SCHOOL I.D. NO. 304196 /SHS I.D. NO. 341293

LESSON PLAN IN ENGLISH 10

March 20, 2023
7:30-8:30am
Learning Standards:
Most Essential Learning Competency: (EN10WC-IIIg-14) Critiquing a Literary Selection: Formalist
Approach
I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. explain the principles of formalist criticism;
b. critique a selection using the formalist approach; and
c. show appreciation of the value of critiquing a literary piece.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Critiquing a Literary Selection: Formalist Approach
References: English Quarter 3 – Module 3
Materials: Laptop and Manila paper.
III. Procedure
1. Classroom Routine
i. Prayer
ii. Greetings
iii. Attendance
2. Motivation/Activity
Directions: The students will fix the jumbled letter to identify the elements of the story referred
to:
1. CARETHCAR- This is an element of the story that refers to the people or person who faces
the conflict in the story.
2. GTETSIN- This an element of the story that refers to place and time the story happens.
3. LTPO- This is the element that narrates the sequence of the story.
4. EHETM- This is an element of the story that refers to the central idea.
5. CIFTONLC- This is the struggle of the protagonist that he needs to face. This gives the sense
and highlight of the story.

A. Analysis
After the activity, the teacher asks the learners the following questions:
1. What did you observe in our activity?
2. What can you say about the activity?
3. In your own words, what did you mean by Literary Devices?

B. Abstraction

Etymology: The word ‘formalism’ derived from the word ‘form’ or structure. The ‘ism’ is a
belief or an approach of looking at things.
 Literary Criticism is the evaluation, analysis, description, or interpretation of
literary works.

Critique (verb) means to critically evaluate, analyze or give careful judgment in

which you give your opinion about a literary work.

Critique (noun) is a detailed evaluation or analysis of a literary piece.

Critic is a person who judges, evaluates, or analyzes a literary piece.

Formalism or Formalist Approach

It discovers the true meaning of a work by giving attention to the form or structure, elements and
literary devices operating in it.
Structure/ form It scrutinizes the plot (chronological sequence) and the conflict in a story.
It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual part of the text from the individual
scenes and chapters, the characters, the settings, the tone, the point of view, the theme, and all
other literary elements and devices such as imagery.
Character- It is a person, animal, being, creature or anything personified in a story.
Setting-It is not only the place and time a story takes place but also includes the
atmosphere.
Tone- It is the overall emotion conveyed by both the choices of words, theme,
sensory images, symbolism and the narrator of the story such as suspenseful, affectionate,
happy or sad.
Point of View- It answers the question “Who is telling the story?”
Types:
1. First person- It uses either of the two pronouns “I” or “We”. The narrator is a
participant in the story relating his or her own experiences directly or an observer.
2. Second person- The story is told to “You”.
3. Third person- It uses pronouns “They”, “She”, “He”, “It” or a name. The narrator may be
omniscient (all- knowing) or has a full access to the thoughts and experiences of all
characters in the story or may be a limited omniscient who usually cannot see into minds
or know the future, etc.
Theme- It is the author’s message to the readers.
Imagery-It consists of descriptive language to create images in the mind of the
readers through their senses.

Reflective Questions: 1. What did you mean by Formalist Approach?

2. What are the Literary elements?

C. Application

Activity 1: I’m the One!

Direction: Draw a happy face  if the statement describes a formalist critic.
Otherwise, draw a sad face .

A formalist critic…

____1. must be a close or careful reader who examines all the elements of a text
individually to discover how they form an organic unity.
____2. questions how they come together to create a work of art.
____3. looks beyond the work by reading the author’s life, or literary style.
____4. examines the work’s historical background and condition of the society.
____5. allows the text to reveal itself.
____6. analyzes how the elements work together to form the unity of structure and
to give meaning to the text.
____7. achieves understanding of the text by looking inside it, not outside nor
beyond.
____8. studies how the text’s influences or figures out similarity with other works.
____9. takes the elements distinct and separate from each other.
____10. scrutinizes the point of view, structure, symbols, tone, theme and other
elements or literary devices.

Activity 2: Read and Critique!

Trivia: Did you know that Benguet is a native term which refers to a lake where
water does not drain?

The name “Benguet” was once limited to the area of what is now the La
Trinidad Valley, which was well-cultivated with rice, sweet potatoes, gabi, and
sugar cane by its origin
al settlers. The natives there were generally Ibaloys.
Source: http://latrinidad.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Brief-History.pdf

Directions: Read the story from Benguet and discover the origin of rice and small
streams.

The Origin of Rice and Streams

(Ibaloy Tale)
Once upon a time, there were two blind women. They were kindhearted, but they were
very poor. In order to eat, they had to beg from their neighbors and
sometimes they were driven away or given nothing. Nevertheless, they did not
complain but went on living each day as best as they could.
Once when they had no food for some time, they decided to walk to the next village to try
their luck there. They walked slowly, feeling footholds among the hilly paths. When they had
walked some distance, they bumped into a large rock. The impact sent their bodies reeling.
Dazed, they held on to each other and tried to get back on their feet. But they had gone too long
without food, and now they could not even stand.
The rock opened magically, and out of its granite depths a young woman emerged. She
took the two blind women by the hand and let them inside. An old
woman seated them at a stone table and gave them food to eat. “Now tell what you need,” said
the old woman to them when they had finished their meal.
One of the blind women said, “I am always hungry. I need food, but I am too blind and I
cannot work for a living in the fields.”
The other replied, “I am always thirsty. I always need something to drink, but I, too, am
blind and I cannot find my way even to the smallest spring.”
The old woman gave the first woman a sack of rice that would never be empty. To the
other she gave a bottle of water that would never be drained dry. They both thanked the old
woman profusely and they felt their way back home. They lived together happily, never wanting
any more than what they already had.
After some time, though, they told each other that it was not right to keep to themselves
the good fortune that they had been given. So, the one who owned the magic sack of rice took a
handful of grain and sowed it; when the grain was harvested, she gave it to the people in the
village. The one who owned the magic bottle poured some of the water out onto the land where it
changed into many small brooks and streams. On their banks flowers soon grew, and to the
streams people came to fetch water for their various needs.
 B. Directions: Use the table below to analyze the selection “The Origin of Rice and
Streams.” Use the guide questions provided in answering.

Elements Descriptions
1. Characters: Who are the characters
in the story? How are they related to one
another? What are their actions?
2. Setting: Where did the story happen?
Describe the environment/
Atmosphere
3. Conflict: What is the main problem
in the story?
4. Plot: How did the story begin? What
happened in the story? How did it end?
5. Tone: What was the author’s attitude
towards the subject? What kind of
emotion or feeling did you get after
reading?
6. Point of view: Who is telling or
narrating the story? Is one character
acting as a narrator (First Person), or
someone telling what is going on (Third
Person)?
7. Theme: What lesson does the author
want me to learn from the story? What
lesson does the author want me to
learn about life?

IV. Evaluation/ Assessment

Directions: Read and answer the questions below based on what you have learned
from this module. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answers.

1. What literary criticism approach analyzes the structure or form of each

individual part of a story and it focuses only on the text itself?
A. Moralist Approach
B. Formalist Approach
C. Marxist Approach
2. Which of the following refers to the evaluation, analysis, description, or
interpretation of literary works?
A. Literary approach
B. Literary device
C. Literary criticism
3. Which of the following is TRUE about formalism?
A. It is concerned with the historical events outside of the story, cultural, and religious beliefs.
B. It uses quick reading to get the main idea of the text and compare it with other related works.
C. It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual part of the text from the
individual scenes and chapters, elements, and literary devices.
4. Which of these features of a text would a formalist critic be most interested in?
A. Structure
B. Author
C. Reader
5. What is the most exciting part of a story?
A. Exposition
B. Climax
C. Resolution
6. What element in a literary work is described as the series of related events?
A. Theme
B. Plot
C. Rising Action
7. Which of the following is the central or main character in a story?
A. Antagonist
B. Confidant
C. Protagonist
8. What do you call the opposition of forces which is essential to the plot?
A. Climax
B. Conflict
C. Exposition
9. Which among the elements of a short story refers to the perspective of the
character or narrator telling the story?
A. Symbolism
B. Theme
C. Point of view
10.How to analyze a text using formalist approach?
A. Examine a text including the biographical information about the author
and the effect on the reader.
B. Scrutinize the point of view, structure, social and political ideas.
C. Analyze how the elements work together to give meaning to the text.

11-15. Read and analyze the introductory part of the story A Day in the Country by
Anton Chekhov (English 10 Learner’s Material pp.279-284). Answer the
following questions.
A dark leaden-colored mass is creeping over the sky towards the sun.
Red zigzags of lightning gleam here and there across it. There is a sound of
far-away rumbling. A warm wind frolics over the grass, bends the trees, and
stirs up the dust. In a minute there will be a spurt of May rain and a real
storm will begin.
Fyokla, a little beggar-girl of six, is running through the village,
looking for Terenty, the cobbler. The white-haired, barefooted child is pale.
 Her eyes are wide-open; her lips are trembling.
11.Who are the characters introduced in the story?
A. Fyokla and Anton
B. Fyokla and Terenty
C. Terenty and the cobbler
12. Where do you think the story happened?
A. The setting of the story was in the city.
B. The events took place in the jungle.
C. The story happened in the province.
13. Which of the following can be inferred from the exposition of the story?
In the beginning of the story…
A. a storm destroyed the village.
B. the villagers were expecting for an approaching storm.
C. Fyokla and the villagers were preparing for a feast after the storm.
14.What literary device is evident in the introduction of the story?
A. Symbolism
B. Metaphor
C. Imagery
15.They hear a whistle and a rumble, but not such a rumble as the stormclouds
carried away. A good train races by before the eyes of Terenty, Danilka, and Fyokla. the engine,
panting and puffing out black smoke, drags more than twenty vans after it. Its power is
tremendous. The children are interested to know how an engine, not alive and without the help of
horses, can move and drag such weights, and Terenty undertakes to explain it to them.
What is the point of view of the narrator in the story based on the text above?
A. Third person point of view
B. Second person point of view
C. First person point view

V. Assignment/ Agreement:

Prepared by:
TERESITA H. NUEVA
Practice Teacher

Noted by:

MARIANE D. LIBATON
Cooperating Teacher

Observed by: Observed by:

_____________________________ _____________________________