NOT
Technology and 10
Livelihood Education
Information and Communications
Technology
Computer Systems Servicing
Quarter 3 - Module 1
Computer Maintenance
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 10
Information and Communications Technology - Computer Systems Servicing
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 1: Computer Maintenance
First Edition, 2020
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Lesson Procedures in Planning and
1 Conducting Maintenance
What’s New
Maintenance Checklist
Directions: Below are checklist on the maintenance of your mobile phone/
smartphone and tablet. Put a check mark (✓) if you are conducting
such maintenance.
As
Maintenance Weekly Monthly
Needed
Wipe and clean screens.
Clean cases and covers.
Sync and back up data.
Clean up apps
Delete browsing history
Delete eBook samples
Clean up any digital files in eReader
Update software
Put new screen protectors
Delete and organize photos
What Is It
Procedures in Planning and Conducting Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance
Preventive maintenance can be described as maintenance of equipment or
systems before fault occurs. It can be divided into two subgroups: Planned
Maintenance and Conditioned-Based Maintenance.
Planned Maintenance (PM) is any variety of scheduled maintenance to an
object or item of equipment. Specifically, PM is a scheduled service visit carried out
by a competent and suitable agent, to ensure that an item of equipment is operating
correctly to avoid any unscheduled breakdown and downtime of an equipment.
1
Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) is a maintenance strategy that uses the
actual condition of the asset to decide what maintenance needs to be done. CBM
dictates that maintenance should only be performed when certain indicators show
decreasing performance or upcoming failure. Checking a machine for these
indicators may include non-invasive measurements, visual inspection, performance
data and scheduled tests. Condition data can be gathered at certain intervals, or
continuously.
Maintenance, including tests, measurements, adjustments, and parts
replacement, performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring.
Maintenance is divided into two (2) general type. Preventive maintenance is
given for maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition to
extend the life of the equipment. Corrective maintenance is task performed to
identify, isolate and rectify a fault so that the failed equipment or system can be
restored to an operational condition within the tolerances or limits.
Common methods of determining what preventive (or other) failure
management policies should be applied are: Original Equipment Manufacturer
(OEM) recommendations, requirements of codes and legislation within a jurisdiction,
what an "expert" thinks ought to be done, or the maintenance that is already done to
similar equipment, and most important measured values and performance
indications.
Maintenance Procedures
In preparing maintenance procedure, you also have to consider designing a
systematic plan for both for hardware and software. This saves time, money and
frustration and ensures safe conditions to prevent injury to people and damage to
computer equipment.
Figure 1. Computer Inspection
Source: shutterstock.com
Planning Maintenance Procedures for Computer System and Networking:
A. Design a systematic maintenance plan for hardware.
1. Design a monitoring, evaluating and updating plan.
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2. Place your computer in a well-ventilated area.
3. Schedule the use of computer for its longer life.
4. Move the computer only when it is turned off and unplugged.
5. Treat your computer properly.
B. Design a systematic maintenance plan for your software.
1. Backup your files.
2. Install or secure passwords.
3. Delete temporary files.
4. Update anti-virus and spyware.
Design a systematic monitoring, evaluating and updating plan for hardware.
Place your computer in a well-ventilated area.
This will allow proper circulation of air inside the computer unit.
Figure 2. Computer Laboratory
Source: https://www.pxfuel.com/en/search?q=computer+lab
Schedule the use of computer for its longer life.
This will help lessen the attacks of viruses and increases the life span of
your computer.
Figure 3. Computer Usage
Source: http://www.askmebest.com/tag/computer-usage/
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Move the computer only when it is turned off and unplugged.
To avoid damage to the computer unit always turn off and unplug it when
transferring the computer to another location.
Figure 4. Unplugged Power Cable
Source: http://filesfort.blogspot.com/2016/05/how-to-fix-usb-device-not-recognized.html
Treat your computer properly.
This means taking care of your computer. PCs and laptops should be
properly turned off.
Figure 5. Computer Care
Source: https://www.emaze.com/@AOLLLLLL
Do systematic maintenance plan for your computer software.
Back-up your files.
Protecting your files means creating backups, storing your file backups on
your hard drive or any removable storage device regularly.
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Figure 6. Back up Media
Source: https://searchdatabackup.techtarget.com/definition/backup-storage-device
Install or secure passwords.
Installing passwords makes your files more secure.
Figure 7. Installing Passwords
Source: Screen Shots PC
Delete temporary files.
Deleting the temporary files on your computer will enhance its speed and
will create more disk space for your files.
Figure 8. Deleting Temporary Files
Source: Screen Shots PC
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Update anti-virus and spy ware.
Regularly update your anti-virus for your computer protection against viruses.
Figure 9. Updating Anti-Virus
Source: Screen Shots PC
What’s More
Directions: Answer the question below. Write your answers on another sheet of
paper.
1. What is the importance of File Back-up?
What I Have Learned
Directions: To get more tips and ways about computer maintenance, search the
web about other computer maintenance. Write your answers on
another sheet of paper.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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What I Can Do
Conducting Monitoring Plan
Directions: Conduct a monitoring plan for your personal computer. Accomplish the
table below. Write your answers on another sheet of paper.
Monitoring Plan
Put check (/) if the given conditions are observed. Fill in the recommendations
if there are any.
Date:
Recommendations
Condition
Components
Functional Non -Functional
Monitor
System Unit
Mouse
Keyboard
Cables and
Connectors
Printers
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Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Read carefully the statements below. Write “TRUE” if the statement is
correct and “FALSE” if it is incorrect on another sheet of paper..
________ 1. Regularly update your anti-virus for your computer protection against
viruses.
________ 2. To avoid damage to the computer unit always turn off and unplug it
when transferring the computer to another location.
________ 3. Protecting your files means creating backups, storing your file backups
on your hard drive or any removable storage device regularly.
________ 4. Installing passwords makes your files not secure.
________ 5. Deleting the temporary files on your computer will enhance its speed
and will create more disk space for your files.
________ 6. Place your computer in a well-ventilated area.
________ 7. Do not schedule the use of computer for its longer life.
________ 8. Maintenance, includes tests, measurements, adjustments, and parts
replacement, performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring.
________ 9. Preventive maintenance can be described as maintenance of
equipment or systems before fault occurs.
________ 10. Corrective maintenance is task performed to identify, isolate and
rectify a fault so that the failed equipment or system can be restored
to an operational conditions within the tolerances or limits.
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Lesson
Diagnoses and
Identification of Faulty
2 Computer and Network
Systems
What’s New
Directions: Carefully read the statements below. Select your answers from the
given choices. Write the letters only on your notebook.
1. You are working for a small business as a computer technician. You notice that
one of the users keeps shutting her computer down by pressing the power
button, instead of using the shut down process of the operating system. You
inform the user that this is not a good practice because _____?
A. over time it will cause component failure
B. power surges to components could cause damage
C. it takes time for the power supply to recharge
D. it damage the monitor
2. What are the two ways that the hardware can fail?
A. electronically B. statically
C. physically D. sonically
3. Sally complains that her laptop is overheating even though all the internal
cooling
systems are working properly. What suggestions can you give to her, that can
help her in that situation?
A. Don't leave her laptop on for extended periods of time.
B. Buy a cooling pad for laptops.
C. Install a liquid cooling system.
D. Buy a new laptop.
4. When determining if the problem is related to hardware or software, which of
the
following is one of the most important questions to ask?
A. Is the computer plugged in?
B. What operating system are you using?
C. Have you recently installed any new hardware or software?
D. Does the monitor work?
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5. If the mouse pointer moves intermittently on the screen but has not failed
altogether, which of the following troubleshooting steps should you take?
A. Check its connection to the port.
B. Clean the mouse.
C. Reinstall the drivers.
D. Check for a conflict with the modem.
What Is It
Diagnoses and Identification of Faulty Computer and Network Systems
A. Preventing Computer Systems Failure
Computers, in general, are pretty stable, and you can usually rely on them to
not fail you. However. If you develop some basic habits, you can postpone serious
computer problems, if not avoiding them entirely.
1. Computer issues
Know that your computer is going to fail. You need to treat your computer as if
it were a doomed failure. Always assume that failure is imminent.
A fatal error results in data loss, damage to your computer and/or its ability to
function, hardware failure, or other serious issues.
Signs of imminent failure might include regular poor performance, frequent
errors and/or popups, unknown programs being installed, frequent power loss (the
computer shuts down automatically frequently), frequent crashes, or certain parts not
working.
Figure 10. Computer Issues
Source: https://pagedesignshop.com/first-steps-to-solving-computer-problems-on-your-own/
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2. Dust issues
Preventing failure means making sure your computer is physically clean in its
operations. Make sure that there is not too much dust inside, especially on the fans.
Dust can reduce performance and cause overheating.
Figure 11. Inside the System Unit
Source: https://www.bigstockphoto.com/image-298593175/stock-photo-inside-the-system-unit-
desktop-pc-from-the-inside
3. RAM issues
Know your computer's specifications and the limits. RAM runs even the PC is
running idly. It consumes RAM storages capacity making you difficult to open a
program if RAM storage had been consumed.
Figure 12. Random Access Memory
Source: https://www.avast.com/c-what-is-ram-memory
4. Malware issues
Make sure that your anti-virus software is updated to be able to scan
unnecessary files that enter your PC. Do not install programs that you’re not familiar
with or if do not fully trust.
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5. Hardware issues
When something is not working properly, either diagnose the problem yourself
and fix it, to prevent further damage or contact a professional and have them look at
it for you. Take advantage of warranties on parts if they fail.
Figure 13. Hardware
Source: https://www.kenresearch.com/blog/2019/08/global-computer-hardware-market-outlook-ken-
research/
6. Warning issues
If the same error message shows up every time you log in, be sure to
investigate it. Although unlikely, these errors could be important.
Figure 14. Power Off
Source: Desktop Screenshot
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7. Usage issues
Give your computer a break. Believe it or not, your computer likes rest, too.
Leaving it on all of the time wears out hardware, and puts unnecessary wear and
tear on the hardware. Giving your computer a break also saves you money
(electrical bills).
Figure 15. Power Button
Source: https://www.pngfuel.com/free-png/rwvtk
8. Warranty issues
Always take advantage of warranties. Get a warranty to protect your
hardware, so it can be replaced in case of failure.
Figure 16. Warranty Sticker
Source: https://all-free-download.com/free-vector/warranty-sticker.html
9. Backup issues
Back-up everything. Run regular backup of your important files to other disks,
computers, or an online backup service.
Figure 17. Storage Devices
Source: https://anydifferencebetween.com/difference-between-storage-devices-and-media/
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10. Error message issues
If your PC fails to function, diagnose the problem. Write down the necessary
info such as error messages or things don’t work properly. If you know how to fix it,
do it, to avoid further damage but if not then seek for professional help.
Figure 18. Error Messages
Source: Desktop Screenshots
Network Problems
When you suddenly cannot connect to the Internet, any of several things
could be wrong. Use this checklist to find and solve common Internet connection
problems.
1. Unplugged Network Cable
Unplugged or loose network cables are one of the most common reasons why
you might suddenly find yourself unable to connect to the Internet. That's a problem
on wireless networks, but on most laptops the wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) radio can be
inadvertently shut off instead. On home networks, it's also possible that someone
unplugged the router.
Action: Ensure your wired or wireless network hardware is switched on and plugged
in.
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2. Website Temporarily Offline
What may seem to be a network problem connecting to the Internet is
sometimes simply a Web site (or whatever server is on the other end of the
connection) being temporarily offline.
Action: Before assuming your internet connection is faulty, try visiting several
popular Web sites rather than just one.
3. IP Address Conflicts
If your computer and another on the network both have the same IP address,
the conflict between them will prevent either from working properly online.
Action: To resolve an IP conflict, follow these instructions to release and renew
your
IP address. If your network uses static IP addresses, manually change your
IP to a different number.
Method 1:
Restart Your Router
Your router can be failing to assign appropriate IP address to the connected
device. This can be caused by a temporary glitch, but most of the time this is cleared
by a simple reboot/power cycle. To do this, switch off the router, wait 1-2 minutes
and turn it back on. Once it’s on, give it another 2-3 minutes to settle and then
connect your device back.
Method 2:
Release and Refresh IP Address
Click Start and type cmd, right click cmd and choose run as administrator.
In the black command prompt window, type the following commands
and press Enter after each:
1/ netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt
2/ ipconfig /release
3/ ipconfig /renew
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Figure 19: Command Prompt
Source: Desktop Screenshot
Now test to see if the issue has been resolved.
Method 3:
Remove Static IP
Press and Hold Windows key and press R. In the run dialog
type ncpa.cpl and Click OK
Figure 20: Run Dialog Box
Source: Desktop Screenshot
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Right click on Local Area Connection if you are using wired internet
connection or Right click on Wireless Network Connection if you are using Wi-Fi.
Click on Properties in the drop down menu.
Figure 21: Wireless Network Connection 4
Source: Desktop Screenshot
Double click on Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4). Select Obtain an IP
address automatically.
Select Obtain DNS server address automatically. Click OK > OK and close
all windows.
Figure 22: Wireless Network Connection (Properties)
Source: Desktop Screenshot
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4. Computer Firewall Malfunctions
Firewall software running on most computers is intended to prevent unwanted
network traffic from disrupting its operation. Unfortunately, these software firewalls
can malfunction and start blocking valid Internet traffic. When two software firewalls,
such as Windows Firewall plus a third-party product, are installed on the same
computer, contention between the two can also incorrectly block traffic.
Action: If you have recently installed or upgraded software firewalls on your
computer, temporarily disable them to determine whether it may be the
cause of Internet connection problems.
5. Outside Wireless Signal Range
The performance of Wi-Fi network connections depends on distance between
the device and the wireless access point. The farther away a Wi-Fi device is, the
slower the local connection generally runs, until it breaks altogether. Wireless signal
interference in the area can also limit the effective range of a Wi-Fi connection.
Whenever you are unable to reach the access point, you also cannot connect to the
Internet, obviously.
Action: Use one of the options written below to measure the strength of your
wireless signal and try these ideas to expand the range of your Wi-Fi.
Ideally, you should place the router at a height in some central location and
away from other cordless devices. Make sure that the router is not placed
near something metallic (like an almirah or window grills) as that will
weaken the wireless signals. Avoid mirrors as they can reflect the wireless
signals away from the desired direction.
Wireless routers generally ship with omni-directional antennas but you can
replace them with more powerful uni-directional antennas and that will keep the
signal from getting broadcast in all directions.
6. Wireless Network Configuration
Wi-Fi networks with encryption options like WPA or WEP turned on require
computers to use matching security keys when connecting. If someone changes the
encryption keys or password on the access point, devices that worked before will
suddenly be unable to establish sessions and Internet connections. Likewise (though
less likely), if the access point settings are changed to require using a specific Wi-Fi
channel number, some computers may be unable to discover it.
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Action: Confirm that the Wi-Fi channel number and encryption keys on your router
have not recently changed (check with the network administrator if
necessary). When using a hotspot, follow the provider's instructors for
signing in carefully.
7. Broadband Router or Access Point Malfunctions
Home networks that use broadband routers are easier to manage than those
without one, but technical glitches with the router can also prevent computers from
connecting to the Internet. Router failures are caused by overheating, excessive
traffic, or simply a faulty unit. Typical symptoms of a flaky router include computers
on the network not being able to obtain IP addresses, or the router console not
responding to requests.
Action: Check the router's lights and console if possible to ensure it is running and
responding properly. Troubleshoot and reset the router if necessary.
Change the old router if necessary.
8. Blocked by Your Service Provider
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can choose to block access from your
account if you fail to make payment or otherwise violate the provider's Terms of
Service. Especially when using paid hotspots that charge by the hour or day,
sometimes people forget to keep their subscription updated. Other common reasons
an ISP might block your account include exceeding bandwidth caps, sending spam
e-mail, and downloading illegal or inappropriate content.
Action: Contact your ISP if you suspect your account has been blocked.
9. Computer Glitches
Computers suffer from technical glitches or malfunctions. Although relatively
uncommon nowadays, a computer's network adapter hardware might suddenly fail
due to overheating or age. Failures in the operating system software that control the
adapter, on the other hand, can occur frequently especially with computers that are
heavily used. Viruses and worms also may disable or block a computer's network
interfaces from functioning properly. If using a laptop or other mobile device,
transporting it from one location to another can corrupt the state of its network.
Action: Check the computer and remove any malware that you will find. On
Windows
computers, try resetting the network connection. Reboot the computer if
necessary.
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10. Network Downtime
Those using satellite Internet service may notice they cannot connect to the
Internet during periods of very bad weather. Providers in dense urban areas
(including cellular Internet carriers) sometimes are unable to support peaks in
network traffic that causes sporadic outages for some customers. Finally, those who
subscribe to newer or more complex forms of Internet services (such as fixed
wireless broadband) may experience more downtime than others as providers
encounter more issues with relatively less mature equipment.
Action: If all else fails, contact your Internet provider to verify whether they are
experiencing an outage. Some providers also give advice on
troubleshooting problems connecting to their network.
What’s More
Directions: In this worksheet, you will write the computer errors/problems, error
messages and the network problems you encountered. Write your
answers on another sheet of paper.
Computer Problems Network Problems
What I Have Learned
Directions: Make an additional learning on the different diagnoses on faulty
computer and network systems. Visit computer shops in your
community. You can also interview/ observe a practitioner while
lending a quality service in computer hardware servicing. Write your
observations on your notebook.
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What I Can Do
Video Demo
Application of Diagnosis on Faulty Computer and Network Systems
Directions: After the interview and observation with a practitioner, You will
showcase what you have learned through video demo. You can use a
video camera to record the event stressing the diagnosis on faulty
computers and networks system. This event will be presented through
a video presentation using projectors or monitors. You will be rated
based on the rubrics written below.
CRITERIA PERCENTAGE SCORE
Accuracy (Role and function of a device was 30%
accurately shown)
Presentation (Organization or sequence of the 30%
play and appropriate gestures were used)
Clarity (Diagnosis clearly delivered) 30%
Over-all Impact 10%
Performance Rating
Assessment
Directions: Below are statements about Diagnoses and Identification of Faulty
Computer and Network Systems, determine whether the statement is
correct or incorrect. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is
incorrect.
1. Your computer is going to fail
2. Too much dust inside, especially on the fans. Dust can reduce performance
and cause overheating.
3. Give your computer a break.
4. Warranty is not important in your PC hardware.
5. Backing up your files are very important.
6. Unplugged or loose network cables are one of the most common reasons
why you might suddenly find yourself unable to connect to the Internet.
7. If your computer and another on the network both have the same IP
address,
the conflict between them will prevent either from working properly online.
21
8. The performance of Wi-Fi network connections depends on distance
between the device and the wireless access point.
9. If someone changes the encryption keys or password on the access point,
devices that worked before will suddenly be unable to establish sessions
and Internet connections.
10. Computers suffer from technical glitches or malfunctions.
Answer Key
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References
Marigen N. Leosala, Bobby P. Caoagdan, Ronaldo V. Ramilo, and Rosalie P. Lujero.
“Technology and Livelihood Education- Information and Communications
Technology Learners Manual-Grade 7 & 8”.
Rosalie P. Lujero, Ronaldo V. Ramilo. “Technology and Livelihood Education-
Information and Communications Technology Learners Manual-Computer
Hardware Servicing Grade 9”.
Rosalie P. Lujero. “Technology and Livelihood Education- Information and
Communications Technology Learners Manual-Computer Hardware Servicing
Grade 10”.
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Division of Bukidnon
Office Address: Fortich Street, Sumpong, Malaybalay City, Bukidnon
Telefax: (088) 813-3634
E-mail Address: bukidnon@deped.gov.ph
Website: depedbukidnon.net.ph
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