4/13/23, 12:32 PM SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
SAP OOPS ABAP
SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
July 22, 2021
Classes and Objects are basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming
which revolve around the real life entities.
Class
A class is a user defined blueprint or prototype from which objects are
created. It represents the set of properties or methods that are common to all
objects of one type.
Example : A blueprint of house .
Using a blueprint we can make multiple houses using our own name,
color,floor etc .
Example : An animal
An animal is just a blueprint . Animal can be dog , cat , mouse etc .
Class declarations can include these components, in order:
1. Modifiers: A class can be public or has default access.
2. Class keyword: class keyword is used to create a class.
3. Class name: The name should begin with an lcl for local class and zcl for
Global class.
4. Superclass(if any): The name of the class’s parent (superclass), if any,
preceded by the keyword INHERITING FROM. A class can
only INHERIT (subclass) one parent.
5. Interfaces(if any): A comma-separated list of interfaces implemented by
the class, if any, preceded by the keyword implements. A class can
implement more than one interface.
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4/13/23, 12:32 PM SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
6. Body: The class body surrounded by Class and Endclass.
Example :
Object
It is a basic unit of Object-Oriented Programming and represents the real life
entities. A typical Java program creates many objects, which as you know,
interact by invoking methods.
An object consists of :
1. State: It is represented by attributes of an object. It also reflects the
properties of an object.
2. Behavior: It is represented by methods of an object. It also reflects the
response of an object with other objects.
3. Identity: It gives a unique name to an object and enables one object to
interact with other objects.
Example of an object: dog
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4/13/23, 12:32 PM SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
Code Example :
class lcl_animal DEFINITION. "class declaration
PUBLIC SECTION. "access modifier
DATA name TYPE char10."attributes
METHODS m_eat . "behaviours
ENDCLASS.
DATA lv_obj TYPE REF TO lcl_animal. "declaring object of class
"there is two way to create object of class after release 7.4
CREATE OBJECT lv_obj. "or
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4/13/23, 12:32 PM SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
DATA(lv_obj1) = NEW lcl_animal( )."incline declaration with New keyword "supported only release
after 7.4 ve
CLASS lcl_animal IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD m_eat.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
Initializing an object
The new operator or create object instantiates a class by allocating memory
for a new object and returning a reference to that memory. The new operator
or create object also invokes the class constructor.
REPORT ztest_demo_sup.
class lcl_animal DEFINITION. "class declaration
PUBLIC SECTION. "access modifier
DATA name TYPE char10."attributes
METHODS constructor IMPORTING name TYPE char10.
METHODS m_eat . "behaviours
ENDCLASS.
DATA lv_dog TYPE REF TO lcl_animal. "declaring object of class
"there is two way to create object of class after release 7.4
CREATE OBJECT lv_dog EXPORTING name = 'Milo'. "or
DATA(lv_cat) = NEW lcl_animal( name = 'Kitty')."incline declaration with New keyword "supported only
release after 7.4 ve
CLASS lcl_animal IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD constructor.
WRITE : / name.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD m_eat.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
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4/13/23, 12:32 PM SAP ABAP : OOPS Concept - Classes And Objects
SAP ABAP Supports Two Types of constructor .
Instance constructor
Static Constructor
Examples :
Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
Example 4
Example 6
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