Introduction

Chapter 1

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Uses of Computer Networks

Business Applications Home Applications Mobile Users Social Issues

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Business Applications (1)

A network with two clients and one server

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Business Applications (2)

The client-server model involves requests and replies

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Home Applications (1)

In a peer-to-peer system there are no fixed clients and servers.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Home Applications (2)

Some forms of e-commerce

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Mobile Users

Combinations of wireless networks and mobile computing

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Social Issues

Network neutrality Digital Millennium Copyright Act Profiling users Phishing

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Network Hardware (1)

Personal area networks Local area networks Metropolitan area networks Wide are networks The internet

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Network Hardware (2)

Classification of interconnected processors by scale.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Personal Area Network

Bluetooth PAN configuration

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Local Area Networks

Wireless and wired LANs. (a) 802.11. (b) Switched Ethernet.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Metropolitan Area Networks

A metropolitan area network based on cable TV.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wide Area Networks (1)

WAN that connects three branch offices in Australia

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wide Area Networks (2)

WAN using a virtual private network.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wide Area Networks (3)

WAN using an ISP network.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Network Software
Protocol hierarchies Design issues for the layers Connection-oriented versus connectionless service Service primitives Relationship of services to protocols

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Protocol Hierarchies (1)

Layers, protocols, and interfaces.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Protocol Hierarchies (2)

The philosopher-translator-secretary architecture

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Protocol Hierarchies (3)

Example information flow supporting virtual communication in layer 5.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Connection-Oriented Versus Connectionless Service

Six different types of service.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Service Primitives (1)

Six service primitives that provide a simple connection-oriented service

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Service Primitives (2)

A simple client-server interaction using acknowledged datagrams.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The Relationship of Services to Protocols

The relationship between a service and a protocol.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Reference Models
OSI reference model TCP/IP reference model Model used for this text Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Critique of OSI model and protocols Critique of TCP/IP model

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The OSI Reference Model

Principles for the seven layers Layers created for different abstractions Each layer performs well-defined function Function of layer chosen with definition of international standard protocols in mind Minimize information flow across interfaces between boundaries Number of layers optimum

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The OSI Reference Model

The OSI reference model

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

OSI Reference Model Layers

Physical layer Data link layer Network layer Transport layer Session layer Presentation layer Application layer

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The TCP/IP Reference Model Layers

Link layer Internet layer Transport layer Application layer

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The TCP/IP Reference Model (1)

The TCP/IP reference model

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The TCP/IP Reference Model (2)

The TCP/IP reference model with some protocols we will study

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The Model Used in this Book

The reference model used in this book.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models

Concepts central to OSI model Services Interfaces Protocols

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Critique of the OSI Model and Protocols

Bad timing. Bad technology. Bad implementations. Bad politics.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

OSI Model Bad Timing

The apocalypse of the two elephants.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Example Networks
Internet ARPANET NSFNET Third-generation mobile phone networks Wireless LANs: 802.11 RFID and sensor networks

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The ARPANET (1)

a) b)

Structure of the telephone system. Barans proposed distributed switching system.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The ARPANET (2)

The original ARPANET design

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The ARPANET (3)

Growth of the ARPANET. a) December 1969. b) July 1970. c) March 1971.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

The ARPANET (4)

Growth of the ARPANET. d) April 1972. e) September 1972.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

NSFNET

The NSFNET backbone in 1988.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Architecture of the Internet

Overview of the Internet architecture

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Third-Generation Mobile Phone Networks (1)

Cellular design of mobile phone networks

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Third-Generation Mobile Phone Networks (2)

Architecture of the UMTS 3G mobile phone network.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Third-Generation Mobile Phone Networks (3)

Mobile phone handover (a) before, (b) after.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wireless LANs: 802.11 (1)

(a) Wireless network with an access point. (b) Ad hoc network.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wireless LANs: 802.11 (2)

Multipath fading
Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Wireless LANs: 802.11 (3)

The range of a single radio may not cover the entire system.
Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

RFID and Sensor Networks (1)

RFID used to network everyday objects.

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

RFID and Sensor Networks (2)

Multihop topology of a sensor network

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Network Standardization
Whos Who in telecommunications Whos Who in international standards Whos Who in internet standards

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Whos Who in International Standards (1)

The 802 working groups. The important ones are marked with *. The ones marked with are hibernating. The one marked with gave up and disbanded itself.
Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Whos Who in International Standards (2)

The 802 working groups. The important ones are marked with *. The ones marked with are hibernating. The one marked with gave up and disbanded itself.
Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Metric Units (1)

The principal metric prefixes

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

Metric Units (2)

The principal metric prefixes

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011

End
Chapter 1

Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011